• Journal of the KSME
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 1984

국내 쓰레기의 일인당 배출량은 외국보다 많은 2 kg/인. 일 정도이나, 주로 연탄재로 인한 것 이며, 발열량은 500 600 kcl/kg 으로 매우 낮아 보조연료가 필요한 수준이다. 따라서 소각로를 건설할 경우 이에 대한 발열량 증가를 위한 행정적인 조치 및 주민계몽의 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. 국내의 쓰레기 처리방법은 거의 완전히 매립에 의존하고 있으나 외국의 경우는 소각, 매립 자원재활용, 퇴비화 등의 순으로 처리되고 있으므로 우리 나라도 이와 같은 추세를 따라야 할 것이며, 특히 자원재활용을 위한 "오레곤 병법"등과 같은 행정적인 조치는 우리 나라도 조속히 도입하여야 할 것이다. 소각로의 기술은 주로 유럽기술에 의해 지배되고 있으며, 최근 미국의 RDF 및 일본지역의 FBC 개발연구 등도 괄목할 만하다. 그러나 기본적으로, 유럽기술이라 할 지라도 국내 적용을 위해서는 기본적인 국내의 쓰레기 특성에 맞게 사양을 변경하여야 할 것이 므로 국내 실정에 맞는 소각로설계 연구를 추진해야 할 것이다. 특히 우리 나라는 외국보다 저발열량, 고수분 함량의 쓰레기이므로 이를 단순히 보조연료로만 처리하는 것보다 기술적으로 합리적인 보조연료 절감 방안을 강구하여야 할 것이다.하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.667-676
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• 2007

As the 21st century began, cement and concrete that are representatives of modem building materials became a major factor in global warming, air pollution and environmental pollution. Also, the problems that are generated while pursuing high performance and high strength became social issues. Therefore, it has become urgent to prepare counter plans. This study has aimed at the recycling of sewage sludge ash and developing it as a new concept in building material which serves the environmental considerations for long-lasting developmental purpose. Also, the study aimed to find a substitute for scarce natural resources and to secure high techniques for waste recycling. The purpose of this study was also to solve fundamentally secondary environmental pollution. The results revealed that the chemical components of sewage sludge ash are mainly $SiO_2\;and\;Al_2O_3$ which are similar to the components of pozzolan. Also, it was identified that sewage sludge ash can be utilized as a hardened specimen with an alkali activated pozzolan reaction. Considering the possibility of appropriate strength development and the advantage of drying shrinkage, compared with that of cement, it was believed that sewage sludge ash can demonstrate a function as a substitute for cement given.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.68-74
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate the behaviors of synthesis of Calcium Chloroaluminte($11CaO{\cdot}7Al_2O_3{\cdot}CaCl_2$) under the melting temperature of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash(MSWI fly ash); $900^{\circ}C-1300^{\circ}C$ of sintering temperature. A sludge generated from a water purification plant (SW) was also used to fill up $Al_2O_3$ source, which might be deficient in MSWI fly ash. MF and SW were mixed at mixing ratio of 10 to 7, which is the mole ratio of CaO to $Al_2O_3$ of calcium Chloroaluminte. Mixed samples were sintered in the opened sintering reactor and the closed sintering reactor, respectively. The results showed that calcium chloroaluminte was formed at $1,000^{\circ}C$ in both reactors, but the temperature of decomposition of calcium chloroaluminte depended upon sintering reactor type; an opened sintering reactor and a closed sintering reactor, owing to the vaporization velocity of Cl.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.305-306
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• 2008

• Clean Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Rapid growth in nanotechnology promise novel benefits through the exploitation of their unique industrial applications. However, as increasing of production amount of nanomaterials, their unintentional exposure to the environment has been caused. Therefore, there is a need for effective management of nanowaste to the sustainable nanotechnology. One possible endpoint at the environmental exposure scenario for nanowaste treatment is incineration. Although a few study on the incineration of nanomaterials was reported, pioneering researchers found that although it is possible to incinerate nanowaste without releasing nanoparticles into the atmosphere, the residues (bottom ash or slag) with nanomaterials eventually end up in landfills. Though there are still many questions to understand the fate of nanomaterials in incinerator, firstly we have to study whether nanowaste treatment via incineration is safe to human and environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.131-143
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• 2018

Phosphorus (P) is a limited, essential, and irreplaceable nutrient for the biological activity of all the living organisms. Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is one of the most important secondary P resources due to its high P content. The SSA has been intensively investigated to recover P by wet chemicals (acid or alkali). Even though $H_2SO_4$ was mainly used to extract P because of its low cost and accessibility, the formation of $CaSO_4$ (gypsum) hinders its use. Heavy metals in the SSA also cause a significant problem in P recovery since fertilizer needs to meet government standards for human health. Therefore, P recovery process with selective heavy metal removal needs to be developed. In this paper some of the most advanced P recovery processes have been introduced and discussed their technical characteristics. The results showed that further research is needed to identify the chemical mechanisms of P transformation in the recovery process and to increase P recovery efficiency and the yields.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.323-327
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• 2004

This study has been carried out to use the municipal solid waste sewage sludge ash generated at sewage disposal field as the raw materials of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Limestone, shale, converter slag, and fly ash were used as the main raw materials. After the raw materials were mixed, these were fired at 1,300, 1,350, 1,400, 1,450, and 1,500$^{\circ}C$ for 1 h and cooled rapidly in air. The properties of clinker synthesized were examined with XRD, SEM, and burnability index by polysius method.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.363-370
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• 2010

This study was performed to validate reference materials (RMs) for proficiency testing (PT) in waste inter-laboratories. Dioxin RMs were prepared from fly ash in industrial incinerators. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of analytical results were 2.6~15.7% for the dioxin RMs in 10 replicates (between and withinbottles). Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed by the One-way ANOVA test. The combined uncertainties of target isomers in dioxin analysis were 0.114~7.091.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.268-275
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• 1993

A series of parametric investigations are performed in order to resolve the flow characteristic of a Quebec city stoker incinerator. The parameters considered in this study are five internal configurations of the Quebec city stoker itself and its modified ones, primary air velocity, the injection velocity and angle of the secondary air, and the reduction of the stoker exit area. A control-volume based finite-difference method by Patankar together with the power-law scheme is employed for discretization. The resolution of the pressure-velocity coupling is made by the use of SIMPLEC algorithm. The standard, two equation, k-$\varepsilon$ model is incorporated for the closure of turbulence. The size of recirculation region, turbulent viscosity, the mass fraction of the secondary air and pressure drop are calculated in order to analyze the characteristics of flow field. The results are physically acceptable and discussed in detail. The flow field of the Quebec city stoker shows the strong recirculation zone together with the high turbulence intensity over the upper part of the incinerator.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.88-95
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• 2009

This study is for understanding the domestic possibilities of the high temperature incineration of waste containing Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) with the analysis of normal operation case and waste gas, fly ash, dioxin about bottom ash, Total-PCBs, Co-PCBs, and the for analysis the heavy metal leaching feature included by bottom ash and fly ash, heavy metal leaching experiment was implemented. The result shows the dioxin density of the waste gas from waste containing PCBs was $0.00699{\sim}0.00763ng-TEQ/Nm^3$, which is lower than $0.0192ng-TEQ/Nm^3$ from the normal operation case. And each Co-PCBs and total PCBs shows $0.00043{\sim}0.00112ng-TEQ/Nm^3$ and $3.06{\sim}3.87ng/m^3$ respectively. The bottom ash test result shows Dioxin 0.00225~0.00630ng-TEQ/g, Co-PCBs 0.00027~0.00082ng-TEQ/g, Total PCBs 0.9~2.6ng/g, and the fly ash shows Dioxin 0.00164~0.00344ng-TEQ/g, Co-PCBs 0.00053~0.00054ng-EQ/g, Total PCBs 0.64~0.84ng/g. The bottom ash and fly ash experiments for heavy metal leaching did not show any leaching but when it comes to the ingredients of the fly ash, Pb elements shows 31.01~237.7ppm, higher than leaching criterion. The analysis of the density of all air pollution material from the waste gas shows the lower value than permissible criterion.