• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.439.3-440
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• 2004

미량 무기질은 인체의 대사와 생리기능 조절에 중요한 역할을 수행하는 것으로 보이나 체내에 미량 존재하므로 연구수행에 어려움이 많은 편이다. 한국인을 위한 영양 권장량(RDA)이 설정된 미량 무기질은 현재 철분과 아연뿐이며, 셀레늄, 구리, 망간, 크롬 및 몰리브덴에 대해서는 안전적정섭취범위(ESADDI)로 정해져 있다. 이는 이들 미량 원소의 섭취실태, 영양상태 또는 대사에 관한 연구결과가 거의 없기 때문이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 성인 여자 19명을 대상으로 위의 7가지 미량 금속무기질에 대해 일상 식사를 통한 섭취량, 혈중 농도 및 소변을 통한 배설량을 분석하였다.(중략)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.254-263
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined whether there was a difference in the nutrients and food intake of young children depending on their lunch places. Methods: The dietary survey data of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010 ~ 2012) were used. The children were grouped into either a child care center lunch group (n = 728) or home lunch group (n = 592) and their nutrients and food intakes were compared. Results: No differences in the 24-hr energy intake and energy intakes from lunch and dinner according to the lunch places were observed. The percentage of breakfast energy was lower in the child care center lunch group, whereas the percentage of snack energy was higher. In children aged 3 ~ 5 years, the sodium, potassium, and vitamin C intakes were high in the child care center lunch group. The 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 year old children's vegetable intake from lunch was significantly higher in the child care center lunch group than in the home lunch group. Children aged 3 ~ 5 years in the child care center lunch group consumed more beans and fish at lunch. The adequacy of nutrients and food diversity of child care center lunch appear better than home lunch. Conclusion: Parents and care providers need to make efforts to use diverse foods, such as vegetables and fish, in children's meals to provide balanced diets and promote healthy eating behaviors to their children.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.95-113
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• 2021

This study examined the food group and dietary nutrient intakes by sugar-sweetened beverage(SSB) intake level in high school students aged 15~18 years(n=2,377) using the 2007~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects were classified into three groups by SSB(included carbonated drinks, sports drinks, and caffeinated drinks that contained added sugars) intake level obtained from 24-hour recall method: SSB 1(SSB intake 0 g/d), SSB 2(0 g/d < SSB intake < 50th percentile) and SSB 3(SSB intake ≥ 50th percentile). Result of daily intakes of SSB were 160.6±10.5 g/d for boys and 98.6±7.1 g/d for girls and it increased for boys(p<0.0001) and girls(p=0.0280) by year. The highest intakes were carbonated drinks followed by fruit juices for boys and girls. Intakes of carbonated drinks increased as 2.7 times for boys(p<0.0001) and 1.6 times for girls between 2007 and 2015 year. Daily intakes of vegetables were the lowest in SSB 3 of three groups for boys and girls(p<0.0001), and those of fruits were lower in SSB 2 and SSB 3 than SSB 1 for boys(p=0.0013). Daily intakes of milk & milk products decreased toward SSB 3 group for boys(p<0.0001) while those were the lowest in SSB 3 of three groups for girls. Daily intakes of dietary fiber(21.3~25.3%) and calcium(49.6~59.8%) were very low compared to the dietary reference intakes. Percentage of daily intakes compared to the dietary reference intakes increased for energy for boys and girls(p<0.0001) while decreased for vitamin C toward SSB 3 group for boys(p<0.0001) and girls(p=0.0382). Those of calcium were the lowest in SSB 3 of three groups for boys(p<0.0001) and girls(p=0.0008). Ratio of excess intakes of energy/fat increased toward SSB 3 group for boys and girls(p=0.0002). Ratio of calcium deficiency was not different among groups but that was very high(85.9~92.5%). Therefore, it should be emphasized to reduce SSB intakes in order to improve diversity in food group and dietary nutrient intakes among high school students through dietary education and government support.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.655-661
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• 1992

Form reports of the Korean National Nutrition Survey from 1969 to 1989, trends of nutrients intakes are reported as follows. The amount of energy intakes are decreased gradually. The proportion of energy from cereals to total energy are decreased from 85.9 percent at 1969 to 66.5 percent at 1989. There are increasing trend for the proportion of energy from animal foods to the total energy. The amount of protein intakes are increasing gradually. The ratio of animal protein to the plant protein have been increasing since the survey has been started. The amount of fat intakes are also increasing. The proportion of energy from the fat and protein to total energy had been shown increasing trends. Gradually, the calcium and iron intakes are increasing over the years. But the intakes of calcium is less than the average dietary allowance of subject examine until recently. The intakes of thiamin, showing adequate intake, are almost equal to the average dietary allowance. For the riboflavin, the amount of intakes are increasing from the mid nineteen-eighty. But the intake of riboflavin is less than the average dietary allowance. For the niacin and ascorbic acid, the amount of intakes are showing variations. But the amount of intakes are not inadequate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2008

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance discovered or onset during pregnancy and attention is needed because of increased risk of perinatal morbidties and higher incidence of diabetes afterward. This study was performed to identify dietary factors associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Developed food frequency questionnaire containing 192 food items were used to assess nutritional status of 246 control subjects and 104 GDM subjects. Food habits of subjects were examined in the questionnaire. The more irregularity and less variety of meal were found in GDM group compared to control group and GDM group tended to eat rapidly and do not like vegetables and greasy foods. Total score of food habits in GDM was lower than control group, which suggests that GDM group have undesirable food habits. Mean daily energy and carbohydrate intakes of GDM group were higher than those of control group, and percent energy from protein was significantly higher in control. Nutrient density of protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin BI of GDM group was significantly lower than those of control group. Therefore dietary quality of GDM group was lower than that of control group. Odds ratio for GDM was high when energy and carbohydrate intakes were high. And when the intakes of rice, noodle, shiruduk, hamburger, boiled egg, steamed pork shank were high, the odds ratio for GDM was high. These results indicate that the amount and frequencies of several foods and dish items were related with the occurrence of GDM subjects. On the whole, GDM subjects consumed more cereals and less vegetables and less legumes. From these results, pregnant women with GDM tended to have unhealthy food habits, and carbohydrate intake was important dietary factors on the onset of GDM.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.297-310
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate relationships among night eating and nutrient intakes status in university students. A total of 271 subjects (male=155, female=116) were divided by using 3-days food record method according to the percentage of energy from night eating: non-night eating, <25% night-eating and ${\geq}25$ night-eating group. There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, percent body fat and BMI among the groups. The proportion of morning anorexia and insomnia was below 2% and 10%, and no differences were observed among the groups by percentage of energy from night eating. In the male subjects, the intakes of energy in the '${\geq}25$ night-eating group' was significantly higher than those of the other groups; whereas, the nutrient density (ND, nutrient intakes per 1,000 kcal) and INQ (index of nutritional quality) of vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C, calcium and iron in the '${\geq}25$ night-eating group' was significantly lower than those of the other groups. In the female subjects, the intakes of energy in the '<25 night-eating group' was significantly higher than that of the 'non-night eating group'. And the ND and INQ of vitamin C in the '<25 night-eating group' was significantly higher than those of the 'non-night eating group'. In addition, within the male subjects, the INQ of vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C, calcium and phosphorous showed significantly negative correlations with food intakes, energy intakes and percentages of energy from night eating after the values were adjusted for age. These results suggest that among male university students, night snack intakes above 25% of energy have lower micronutrient qualities of vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C and calcium.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 1990

본 연구는 산업체 근로자의 Sodium섭취 실태를 파악하므로서 효율적인 식사관리와 건강관리의 기초자료를 얻고자 서울 시내 H타이어 공장에 근무하는 건강한 성인남자 40명을 대상으로 3일간의 식사분석과 뇨분석을 행한 것이다. 열량섭취는 1일 평균 3,185$\pm$813(mean$\pm$SD)kcal 였으며 영양소 섭취량은 당질이 541.8$\pm$144.5g, 단백질이 127.2$\pm$61.0g, 지방질이 56.8$\pm$42.7g이었고 총 열량의 68%, 16%, 16%를 차지했다. 식사분석에 의한 Sodium섭취량은 225.3$\pm$75.2mEq(13.2$\pm$4.4g Nacl)였으며 뇨중의 Sodium 배설량은 232.8$\pm$63.8mEq(13.7$\pm$3.5g NaCl)였다. 주요 음식의 1회 순섭취량에 대한 Sodium섭취는 국종류에서 가장 많았으며 1일 섭취하는 식사의 Sodium분포는 밥에서 6.9%, 국 35.7%, 반찬류 49.4%, 식탁에서 사용하는 조미료로서 5.1%, 간식에서 2.9%이었다. 당질섭취와 Sodium섭취, 단백질 섭취와 Sodium섭취 사이에는 강한 양의 상관을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1043-1047
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• 2002

It is well known that soy isoflavones play beneficial roles in the prevention of chronic diseases such as breast cancer, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. However current data are not sufficient for estimating the level of isoflavone intake. To use the urinary isoflavone excretion as a maker of isoflavone intake,26 participants consumed the isoflavone extract capsule (90 mg soy isoplavones/capsule) daily for 3 months. The study compared effects of pre- and post-isoflavone supplement in the following parameters; physical examination, dietary recalls, and urinary isoflavon excretion. The average age, height and weight were 65.7 years, 149.4 cm, and 57.3 kg. Subjects maintained regular diet pattern, and average daily nutrient intakes between pre- and post- supplementation were not significantly different except vitamin A, carotene and vitamin C. There was no significant difference between pre- and post- supplementation in terms of daily isoflavone intake. The basal urinary isoflavone excretion was 8.37 mg/day (daidzein 6.23 mu genistein 2.14 mg), and average daily excretion rate was IS.8%. Urinary isoflavone excretion was significantly increased, after isoflavone supplementation for 3 months as compared the basal level (p<0.01). Our data suggest that urinary isoflavone level, especially daidzein and genistein, may be a useful maker to estimate isoflavone intake.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.259-263
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• 2002

It was examined whether the ceca and the back-flow of urine into the lower intestine are involved in water intake and excretion in chickens and food intake affects those. Colostomy significantly increased water intake, total water excretion and the ratio of the water intake to food intake in the ceca-ligated chickens under restrict and ad libitum feeding conditions (P<0.05), but the increases were much larger in chickens fed ad libitum than in those fed restrictedly. Cecal ligation increased water intake, total water excretion and the ratio of water intake to food intake in the colostomised chickens which were fed freely (P<0.05). but not in those fed restrictedly, None of colostomy and cecal ligation affected the resultant water balances in chickens under both feeding conditions. Colostomy increased food intake in the ceca-ligated chickens (P<0.05), but no increase by cecal ligation was observed in colostomised chickens. It is concluded that the lower intestine takes a very important role in water recovery from urine to maintain water balance in chickens.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.3051-3057
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• 2014

This study investigated the correlation of three indexes such as DI, DMFT, DMFI which implemented by an article of a dental inspection inquiry in materials and nutrient amount of intake based on the 5th primitive data of objective national health nutrition survey. The results showed the DMFT decreased as the intake of fat and riboflavin increased, And the DMFT also increased as the intake of crude fiber and niacin increased, In addition, as the intake of food increased, DMFI also increased in a relationship of influence with DMFI. As the intake of crude fiber, sodium, potassium, niacin increased, decay also increased. On the other hand, as the intake of moisture, fat, phosphorus and riboflavin increased, the DMFI decreased.