• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the result of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy in locally advanced breast cancer as well as analyze the prognostic factors affecting survival. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-nine patients with breast cancer were treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy between April 1995 and November 2006 at the Samsung Medical Center. Among these patients, we retrospectively reviewed 105 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiation therapy for a cure with an initial tumor size >5 cm or clinically positive lymph nodes. All patients received anthracycline based chemotherapy except for 2 patients. According to clinical tumor stage, 3 patients (3%) were cT1, 26 (25%) were cT2, 39 (37%) were T3 and 37 (35%) were T4. Initially, 98 patients (93%) showed axillary lymph node metastasis. The follow-up periods ranged from 7~142 months (median, 41 months) after the beginning of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: Locoregional failure free survival rate and distant metastasis free survival rate at 5 years were 82.1% and 69.9%, respectively. Disease free survival rate and overall survival rate at 5 years were 66.1% and 77.1%, respectively. The results of a univariate analysis indicate that clinical tumor stage, pathologic tumor stage, pathologic nodal stage and pathologic TNM stage were statistically significant factors for disease free survival rate and overall survival rate. Whereas, a multivariate analysis indicated that only hormone therapy was a statistically significant factor for survival. Conclusion: The current study results were comparable to other published studies for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Hormone therapy was a statistically significant prognostic factor. The patients with early clinical or pathologic stage had a tendency to improve their survival rate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5752-5761
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• 2013

This study was performed to propose the developmental direction of the elderly suicide study by analyzing the trend of study in elderly suicide. A literature search was conducted using RISS, KISS, Nanet. A total of 184 research articles which were published on elderly suicide in Korea from 1996 to 2013 were analyzed with structured analysis forms. For statistical analysis, frequency and percentage were used with EXCEL program. As a results, a study on elderly suicide in the social welfare sector was actively and a survey of general elderly proportion of the study was high. In addition, most concepts of research were associated with suicidal ideation, depression, social support, and stress of the elderly. Therefore, existing in previous studies classified as high-risk elderly people living alone, poor elderly, a man who attempted suicide risk in elderly subjects research through a variety of research methods will be made.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.197-206
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• 2018

The harmful effects of online malicious comments are continuously increasing. Many previous studies have confirmed that neutralization of malicious comments is a key predictor. Neutralization is theoretically composed of seven multidimensional concepts, and the significance of neutralization factors varies depending on the type of deviant behavior. This study focuses on the fact that the malicious comment researches have considered the neutralization techniques in a single dimension as opposed to demonstrating the multidimensional neutralization techniques in the deviant behavior research. On the other hand, the role of arbitrator in deviant behavior can contribute to restraining deviant behavior, but the research of intervention intention is relatively lacking in malicious comments research. This study, composed of two complementary studies, tried to find out the related factors of malicious comments and intervention intention. As a result of study, This study revealed that malicious commentator uses the neutralization techniques of condemn the condemners and denial of responsibility. In addition, we found that affective empathy has a significant effect on the intervention intention in malicious comments.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.406-412
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• 2024

In order to investigate trends in youth soccer research, this study selected 18 prior literature published in domestic KCI-registered journals related to youth soccer over a three-year period from 2021 to 2023 as research subjects. Previous research on youth soccer was analyzed by year, journal, research method, and subject, and the results are as follows. First, the number of papers published on topics related to youth soccer was the highest at 9 in 2021. Second, it was found that youth soccer-related research was conducted in various sports-related academic journals. Third, quantitative research methodology took up a higher proportion of 83% than qualitative research method. Fourth, studies targeting youth soccer players were the highest at 50%, followed by coaches and parents of youth players.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2014

Since the 1990s, the brand has established itself as an important factor to consumers. Consumers is affected by not only the product's physical properties and functions but also the sensitivity associated with the consumption or the product itself. Thus, Many studies has been very active because of the increased interest to the brand that is recognized as one of the intangible assets that create value for the company. The purpose of this paper is to provide the result of methodical analysis about the relationship among leading variables that affect on brand loyalty. Concretely, by methodically defining the relationship among perceived brand quality, customer satisfaction and brand trust, that is leading variable which affect on brand loyalty, focused on frequently used oil companies, this paper would suggest scientific and practical implications through draw a conclusion that this relationship contributes on brand loyalty. The results of empirical test are as follows. Customer perceived brand quality based on fuel quality, positively influence on customer satisfaction and brand trust. Then, customer satisfaction and brand trust positively influence on brand loyalty. According to the results of this study in the oil market, customer cannot distinguish fuel product quality itself among oil companies. Therefore it is strongly suggested that oil companies build and maintain brand loyalty on the basis of perceived brand quality, customer satisfaction and brand trust.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.151-173
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• 2018

The purposes of this study was to identify the magnitude and direction of the effects of Practical Reasoning Instruction (PRI) on students' achievements in Home Economics classes using the meta-analysis method and to examine whether the effects of PRI vary across publication status, study design, year of the studies, school level, gender of students, type of students' achievements, content area, location where the interventions of PRI were conducted, and duration. Thirty-four primary studies with 44 effect sizes were analyzed with calculation method of Becker(1988). A funnel plot method result revealed no publication bias. The results of this meta-analysis are as follows. First, PRI was more effective than traditional instruction on students' achievements. A summary statistic was 0.60 with a standard error of .074, which means that an increase of about two-third of a standard deviation beyond what would be expected from traditional instruction was gained from PRI intervention. Second, categorical and regression analyses were employed to find the sources of variance and moderators that predict the effects of PRI. The moderator analyses revealed no statistically significant effects of publication status, study design, school level, gender of students, type of students' achievements, and duration. Content area, location where the interventions of PRI were revealed to be moderators. It was concluded that PRI was effective in improving students' achievements regardless of publication status, study design, year of the studies, school level, gender of students, type of student achievement, and duration.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.49-63
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the collective characteristics of SMEs on M&A activity on the disclosure effect of mergers and long-term business performance after mergers. From 2000 to 2012, we examine 717 cases of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using multiple regression analysis and difference analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, it is confirmed that the effect on the merger announcement effect is the same as the previous study on the Korean capital market listed companies except for the effect of diversification, listing effect, and cross-border effect. In addition, we have found that firms with higher performance in the past have higher excess returns in the disclosure effect of mergers and acquisitions. Second, unlike the previous studies that non-related mergers have a positive effect on long-term operating performance, for the characteristics of SMEs with lower market competitiveness than that of average listed companies, SMEs merging with same industry group companies have a positive effect on long-term operating performance. This study provides a new perspective on the merger and acquisition of SMEs by examining the effects of M&A announcement and long-term performance.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Deep neural networks(DNN), which are used as approximation functions in reinforcement learning (RN), theoretically can be attributed to realistic results. In empirical benchmark works, time difference learning (TD) shows better results than Monte-Carlo learning (MC). However, among some previous works show that MC is better than TD when the reward is very rare or delayed. Also, another recent research shows when the information observed by the agent from the environment is partial on complex control works, it indicates that the MC prediction is superior to the TD-based methods. Most of these environments can be regarded as 5-step Q-learning or 20-step Q-learning, where the experiment continues without long roll-outs for alleviating reduce performance degradation. In other words, for networks with a noise, a representative network that is regardless of the controlled roll-outs, it is better to learn MC, which is robust to noisy rewards than TD, or almost identical to MC. These studies provide a break with that TD is better than MC. These recent research results show that the way combining MC and TD is better than the theoretical one. Therefore, in this study, based on the results shown in previous studies, we attempt to exploit a random balance with a mixture of TD and MC in RL without any complicated formulas by rewards used in those studies do. Compared to the DQN using the MC and TD random mixture and the well-known DQN using only the TD-based learning, we demonstrate that a well-performed TD learning are also granted special favor of the mixture of TD and MC through an experiments in OpenAI Gym.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.55-76
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• 2015

The prior studies on the practical lawyer's information seeking behaviors, including Leckie et al. (1996) model showed that role of the work and nature of the work in attorney's practices had an significant influence on the attorney's information seeking behaviors. This study now asks if these prior analyses can be applicable to attorneys' practices nowadays. This study performed surveys and interviews with 21 practical attorneys in korea who were grouped by their experience period and the size of law firms. This study concludes that role of the work in Leckie et al. model still affects the attorneys' information seeking behaviors today and moreover, the attorney's experience and the size of law firms as variables also have made an impact on attorney's behaviors so far. By the way, this study further finds that the attorneys prefer the digital information in online database and formal information like statutes or case laws. These results are definitely different from them of the prior studies. In addition, this study suggests that the behavior such as meaningful using of the informal information in difficulties with improper information can be kinds of the attorney's information seeking behaviors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.423-429
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• 2017

The rapid progress of aging society gives rise to a variety of problems of the aged. In particular, the health issue among the elderly poses a socio-economic burden on our society. In a bid to promote the health of the elderly, development and application of various contents linked with the ICT technology to our daily life and ways to facilitate their use among the elderly should be sought. Korea has provided a variety of contents designed to promote or maintain health of people of various ages through the wide spread and use of smart phones since 2010 but there has been a severe lack in contents for the elderly in terms of their quantity and quality. Against this backdrop, this study aims to utilize dance characterized by physical movements and bodily expressions as part of developing ICT-based contents for health promotion of the elderly. This study has adopted a number of research methodologies, including analysis of preceding researches into elderly welfare based on the research topics and periods of from domestic academic journals and academic theses (master's, doctoral), ICT-based preceding researches into elderly affairs, preceding researches into dance programs for the elderly, based on which I intend to present a proposal on the development and use of dance contents.