• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

From a point of view of suggesting the method to avoid ship's collision, the speed of ships has to be considered sufficiently according to encounter angle of ships. But with respect to the establishment of Safe-Guard Ring of Ship Collision Avoidance Support Model in Close Quarters Situation that had been newly studied to avoid ship's collision, the ratio of own ship' speed to a target ship's speed was limited to about less than 1.7. Therefore in this paper, as doing a study concerned with the establishment of Safe-Guard Ring reflected the encounter angle and the speed of ships, we will propose the new model of ship collision avoidance for safe maneuver of ship's collision avoidance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.10 s.116
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• pp.779-785
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• 2006

From a point of view of suggesting the method to avoid ship's collision, the speed of ships has to be considered sufficiently according to encounter angle of ships. But the new safe-guard ring of ship's collision avoidance support model in the close quarters is established assuming that the ratio of own ship' speed to a target ship's speed is less than about 1.7. Therefore in this paper, as doing a study concerned with the establishment of safe-guard ring reflected the encounter angle and the speed of ships, we will propose the new model of ship collision avoidance for safe maneuver of ship's collision avoidance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.460-468
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• 2020

Research related to the technology developed for the Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) is currently underway. Although one of those core technologies is collision-avoidance technology for ship operators at sea, no research has been done to objectively quantify its effectiveness. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop an evaluation model to examine the collision-avoidance ability of MASS. Ship-control experts performed a ship-handling simulation for each ship encounter type using the Full Mission Ship-handling Simulator (FMSS). We used the resulting data and technical statistics, to develop an evaluation model that utilized FMSS to quantify the operational capability of the collision-avoidance technology. This evaluation model also can be used at sea to assess deck officers' ability to use the technology and to improve and develop other MASS technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2020

자율운항선박을 위한 충돌회피 알고리즘은 여러 연구자들을 통해 다양한 방식으로 개발되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국 연안 지역 특성 및 선박운항자의 의식을 기반으로 한 해상교통위험도 평가 모델인 PARK Model을 적용하여 충돌회피 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 이렇게 개발된 충돌회피 알고리즘은 자율운항선박과 사람이 동시에 항해하는 과도기에 선박운항자의 의식을 반영한 충돌회피를 수행하여 다른 선박운항자들에게 이질감 및 부담감을 주지않을 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구의 충돌회피 알고리즘은 PARK Model 위험도를 기반으로 COLREGS 규정을 반영하여 회피동작을 수행하며, 여러 규모의 선박을 대상으로 마주치는 상황, 횡단하는 상황, 추월하는 상황과 이들이 복합적으로 발생하는 상황에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과 모두 충돌을 회피할 수 있었다. 또한, 과거 AIS Data를 이용한 실해역 시뮬레이션 실험에서도 충돌회피를 수행하여 본 충돌회피 알고리즘의 성능을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.10 s.106
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• pp.827-832
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• 2005

In this paper, as a fundamental study of ship collision avoidance supporting system in close quarters situation, we propose ship collision avoidance support model for decreasing ship collision accidents those have occurred due to navigator's unsuitable maneuvering in close encounter. This model will effectively support maneuvering for collision avoidance through displaying the feasible area and the method of collision avoidance using own ship's turning characteristic about action of target ship's keeping course and velocity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.119-124
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• 2005

In this paper, as a fundamental study of ship collision avoidance supporting system in close quarters situation, we propose ship collision avoidance support model for decreasing ship collision accidents those have occurred due to navigator's unsuitable maneuvering in close encounter. This model will effectively support maneuvering for collision avoidance through displaying the feasible area and the method of collision avoidance using own ship's turning characteristic about target ship's keeping course and velocity maneuvering actions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.76-77
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• 2022

COLREGS의 규칙 17에는 피항선박만의 충돌회피동작으로 충돌을 피할 수 없을때 유지선박은 충돌을 피하기 위한 협력 행동을 취해야 한다고 명시되어 있다. 이 연구에서는 두 선박 간 충돌 시 각도별 거리(CDC)를 통해서 유지선박이 언제 충돌회피 협력 동작을 취해야 하는 시점을 제시하였다. 두 선박 간 충돌평가는 다양한 시나리오에 기반한 시뮬레이션을 통해 수행되었고, 시뮬레이션은 MMG 모델에 의해 설계되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.47-50
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• 2002

산업이 발달함에 따라 대량의 화물을 빠르게 운반할 수 있는 해상운송수단의 수요가 증가하게 되고 이로 인하여 해상 선박 간 충돌사고가 빈번히 발생하게 되었다 선박 충돌은 주로 조선하는 사람들의 관습, 습관의 차이, 부주의, 판단오류 등의 이유로 발생한다. 연구자들은 선박 충돌을 방지하기 위하여 조선에 관련된 많은 부분을 지능화한 지능형 충돌회피시스템 개발에 노력을 기울이고 있다. 선박을 비롯한 자율운동체의 충돌방지 기법은 비행체, 수중운동체, 자율로봇 등 영역 특성을 달리하는 다양한 분야에서 연구되어오고 있다 기존 연구들의 충돌방지는 주로 장애물의 공간적 특성에 기반하고 있다. 이에 개체의 움직임을 예측하여 시간적 요소를 가미하면 더욱 향상된 충돌방지가 가능하다. 특히, 선박은 느린 운동 특성과 조선법, 규격화된 통신수단의 발달로 인하여 상대편 선박의 이동 예측이 용이하므로 이를 적용하여 보다 향상된 충돌방지가 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 충돌회피기법의 과정에 예측을 추가한 예측기반 충돌회피모형을 제안하고 선박운항환경을 모의실험에 의하여 해당 모형 적용시 충돌회피 경로 산출의 안전성이 크게 개선됨을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

Up to now a lot of the study on ship collision avoidance systems has proceeded actively. However the frequency of ship collision accidents didn't decreased. If there is collision risk in close quarters situation none the less manouvering ship for collision avoidance according to the system, only use of TCPA and DCPA as input factor for collision risk decision is not useful to avoiding collision action. For the recent 5 years by the analysis of first observation distance about approaching ship in domestic collision accidents, nearly $45\%$ of accidents is close first observation less than 2 miles. Therefor it is essential part for safety navigations to study for collision avoidance action in close encounter. In this paper, as foundation study of supporting collision avoidance manoeuvring for navigators, we proposed ship collision avoidance support model in close quarters situation through analysis of collision accidents for effective getting rid of the causes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.1 s.24
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• pp.47-52
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• 2006

Recently, ship collision accidents account for $20%{\sim}34%$ of domestic marine accidents, also have increased continually. In this paper, therefore we propose the development of Ship Collision A voidance Support program for decreasing ship collision accidents. This program has been developed on the basis of CCAS-Model. A CCAS-Model has ship's maneuvering performance and has been studied for the propose of supporting to avoid ship collision in close quarters. Besides. the program will effectively support maneuvering for collision avoidance through display of the feasible area and the method of collision avoidance using own ship's turning characteristic about action of target ship's keeping course and velocity in various encounter.