• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.291-300
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of occurrence and distribution of Eupatorium rugosum by forest types and soil characteristics in Mt. Namsan in Seoul, Korea. E. rugosum is designated as a harmful non-indigenous plant in ecosystem by the Natural Environment Conservation Act in Korea. E. rugosum grew along roadside and in valleys with some favorable light conditions. E. rugosum occurred in aggregations under Pinus densiflora and Robinia pseudoacacia communities. And it was sparse in forests of Quercus mongolica and P. koraiensis. The representative herb layer species were Oplismenus undulatifolius, and Parthenocissus tricuspidata in the E. rugosum communities. There was a significantly negative correlation between the coverage of E. rugosum and the coverage of tree layer. However, the result of ANOVA of E. rugosum coverage by dominant species of tree layers did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). The level of soil moisture content, organic content, and pH, was slightly higher in communities with E. rugosum than without, but it was statistically non-significant difference. However, it was found that the coverage of E. rugosum was very significantly negative correlated with the depth of top soil profile (litter and fermentation layer, p<0.05).

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.35-35
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2014

Ageratina altissima is an invasive plant species known to threaten native plant communities in Korea. A. altissima is thought to invade shady forests from disturbed open areas; however, uncertainty remains as to how shade and litter depth might affect establishment. A study of A. altissima distribution characteristics in areas adjacent to trails was undertaken at Mt. Umyeon in Seoul, Korea. Increasing densities of A. altissima were found to correlate with greater light availability and decreasing litter depth (p < 0.001) within 10 m distance from trail locations and on ridges rather than further within forests and valleys. The effects of soil moisture content, soil gravel content and soil pH on distribution were not found to be significant, suggesting that A. altissima is adaptable to a broad range of soil conditions. Results indicate that forest areas close to trails may be particularly susceptible place to A. altissima invasion, demonstrating the need to carefully consider implications for A. altissima expansion in trail management.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.224-234
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• 2013

This study examined a strong positive correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index during June and the total tropical cyclone (TC) genesis frequency in the western North Pacific during July and August. To investigate a possible cause for this relationship, the mean difference between the highest positive NAO years and the lowest negative NAO years was analyzed by dividing into when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were included and when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were not included. When the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were included, for the positive NAO years, the TCs mostly occurred in the northwestern region of tropical and subtropical western Pacific, and showed a pattern that migrate from the sea northeast of the Philippines, pass the East China Sea, and move toward the mid-latitudes of East Asia. In contrast, for the negative NAO years, the TCs mostly occurred in the southeastern region of tropical and subtropical western Pacific, and showed a pattern that migrate westward from the sea southeast of the Philippines, pass the South China Sea, and move toward the southern coast of China and Indochinese peninsula. These two different TC migration patterns affect the recurving location of TC, and for the positive NAO years, the recurving of TC was averagely found to take place in the further northeast. In addition, the migration patterns also affect the TC intensity, and the TCs of positive NAO years had stronger intensity than the TCs of negative NAO years as sufficient energy can be absorbed from the ocean while moving north in the mid-latitudes of East Asia. The TCs of negative NAO years showed weak intensity as they get weaken or disappear shortly while landing on the southern coast of China and the Indochinese peninsula. On the other hand, the above result of analysis is also similarly observed when the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o and La Ni$\tilde{n}$a years were not included.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.37-51
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of location factors on sales by restaurant type in the six districts of Seoul (Jongno-gu, Jung-gu, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Gangnam-gu, Seocho-gu, and Songpa-gu). Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model is selected for four restaurant types whose spatial autocorrelation is not identified, spatial lag model (SLM) is only selected for seafood restaurant, and spatial error model (SEM) is selected for nine other restaurant types. The floating population and the workers of surrounding businesses have generally positive effects on the sales of restaurants. The floating population elasticity of the sales of restaurants are found to be in the descending order of Oriental food, pub, Western food, and traditional food restaurant, and the elasticity of the workers of surrounding businesses are in the descending order of bakery, Oriental food, and Western food restaurant. The spatial multiplier effects are in the descending order of Oriental food, pub, and Western food restaurant. There is a statistically significant sales gap between roast meat, pub, and bakery in Gangnam-gu and those in five other districts. The results of this research can help in starting a restaurant in that they can provide information on the suitability of location by restaurant type.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 2017

Overuse of synthetic pesticides caused negative side-effects such as environmental contamination, development of insect pests' resistance, and effects on non-target organisms. Plant origin substances without/or with low mammalian toxicity have been considered as promising alternatives to the synthetic pesticides. Fumigant toxicity of the essential oil of Iranian Yarrow, Achillea millefolium L., was investigated against a cosmopolitan stored-product insect pest: saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.). Chemical profile of this essential oil was studied by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Tested concentrations were significantly effective to the mortality of insect pest. A positive correlation between essential oil concentrations and pest mortality were realized. LC50 value (lethal concentration needed to 50% mortality) was achieved as $17.977(16.195{\pm}20.433){\mu}l/l$ air. The main components were 1,8-Cineole (13.17%), nerolidol (12.87%), ${\alpha}$-cubebene (12.35%), artemisia ketone (6.69%), ${\alpha}$-terpineol (5.27%), alloaromadendrene oxide (4.71%) and borneol (3.99%). Terpenic compounds including monoterpene hydrocarbons (8.19%), monoterpenoids (44.23%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (21.69%) and sesquiterpenoids (22.24%) were 96.35% of the total identified compounds. Results indicated that the terpene-rich A. millefolium essential oil may be considered as a safe bio-agent in the O. surinamensis management.

• Atmosphere
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.305-315
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• 2018

This study investigates the characteristic spatial patterns and dynamic processes associated with the summertime extreme temperature events in South Korea during the last 20 years (1995~2014) using Self-Organizing Map (SOM). The classified SOM patterns commonly have high temperature and anticyclonic circulation anomalies over South Korea. The two major teleconnection patterns are identified: one is from the subtropical western North Pacific (WNP) affecting to the north and the other is from the North Atlantic (NA) affecting downstream region. The meridional teleconnection pattern is related to the forcing of positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly over the WNP. The northward propagating Rossby wave generates the East Asia-Pacific (EAP) pattern to form an anticyclonic circulation anomaly over South Korea. On the other hand, NA SST anomalies generate an eastward Rossby wave train across the Eurasian continent, leading to the development of an anticyclonic circulation anomaly over South Korea. The EAP pattern occurs more frequently in July and August, whereas the midlatitude teleconnection pattern associated with NA SST anomalies develops more frequently in early summer (June).

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.475-503
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• 2016

This paper explores the extent of the Christian influence of Liang Fa's Quanshiliangyan and Isaachar J. Roberts on Hong Xiuquan and the Taiping Movement. Hong's religious background was in Confucianism, but when he encountered Liang Fa's Quanshiliangyan, he identified with Christianity. Subsequently, he studied with Roberts for two or three months. The religious experiences of Hong served as motives for the establishment of the Society of God Worshippers and the Taiping Movement. Therefore, this paper develops Liang's key ideas and Roberts' main teachings, describes Hong's beliefs and the actual practices of the Taiping Movement, as found in official documents of the Taipings, and compares their similarities and differences. Hong and his leaders received the new ideas of Christianity at the expense of their traditional culture. Furthermore, they attempted to combine Chinese culture with Christianity, as well as believe in Christianity to the limits of their understanding. Finally, this study finds that even though the Quanshiliangyan and Isaachar J. Roberts may have given the Taiping Movement its religious form and driving force, the theological vision of both Liang and Hong that also emerged from their Chinese culture energized the Taipings. The Taiping Movement resulted from a deliberate synthesis of Christian ideas and native Chinese practices in China.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

This study was conducted to establish a service philosophy as a major ideology in the New Economy and Society. The service philosophy, which is the ideological foundation to lead the service economy era, should be an idea that can develop the new economy society, reflecting the nature principle of the universe and human being. The service philosophy was derived based on the study of the human representative ideology and the study of the new economy and service essence. A good idea must be consistent with the principles of the universe and be consistent with the essence of the human representative ideology, so that it reflects the core principles of the universe and the core of human representative ideas. In addition, the central idea should reflect the changes of the New Economy Society in the future. Therefore, the essence of the service and the change of the New Economy Society were analyzed. We analyzed the social and philosophical significance of the macroscopic cosmology and the microscopic quantum theory of modern physics. We analyzed the essence of Oriental and Western representative ideas and derived implications of these ideas from the viewpoint of modern society where service is central. Based on the essence principle of the universe and human, we have established the service philosophy structure and derived the human, historical, social, economic, and managerial aspects of service philosophy. The structure of the derived service philosophy was presented, and discussions were conducted for future research.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.411-434
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• 2021

The purpose of this research was to examine the discrimination between grit and passion; and to compare the relationship between grit and passion between eastern and western culture. The participants were 208 Korean and 251 American undergraduates. Multiple-group factor analysis confirmed the model of four (consistency of interest, perseverance of efforts, harmonious passion, and obsessive passion) factors by configural invariance and partial measurement invariance. Also we found positive correlation between consistency of interest and harmonious passion as well as negative correlation between consistency of interest and obsessive passion in the American sample. However, the correlation between grit(consistency of interest, perseverance of efforts) and passion(harmonious passion, obsessive passion) was not significant in the Korean sample. The results suggest that grit is not accompanied by passion among Korean university students. Findings empirically highlight the distinctiveness of grit and passion and the possibility of cultural differences in grit and passion, which were usually discussed western cultures.