• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.54
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• pp.99-121
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to explore the process that youths get involved in delinquent behavior after runaway. The experiences of runaway youths are studied interpretively, so that interactive features between situations and the youths are revealed. In this way, it is expected that directions in social services to prevent and intervene with delinquent behaviors of runaway youths can be suggested. Eleven youths who have experienced running-away participated in the in-depth interviews. Their narratives are interpreted through the procedures of interpretive interactionism by Denzin(1989). Five phases of the delinquency process have been discovered: Using personal resources, getting help from new relationships, exploring alternatives to survive, learning delinquent way of living, and living independently through delinquency. Interpreted contextually, it has been founded that delinquency is a behavior to survive and a developmental process on the street, taking place in a situation of blocked communication, nevertheless within people's networks. Thus, it is suggested that the problem of runaways are not to be treated narrowly as responsibilities of the youths themselves or their families, but to be approached from the viewpoint of providing social service systems that work as a safety network and offer alternatives for the youths to survive, to resolve their troubles, and to keep healthy lives.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.251-261
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• 2020

The developmental ecology and temperature-dependent growth model were calculated to develop the Scotinophara lurida control technology, which is mainly affected by environmentally friendly rice cultivation. The survival rate of S. lurida after overwintering in 2019 showed that 167 of 224 survived and the survival rate was 72.8%. Overwintering adult of S. lurida occur in rice fields in mid-June, spawn in early July, and first-generation adults develop in mid-August. In order to determine the temperature-dependent growth model, the growth periods by temperature and development stage were investigated in a incubator at 18, 21, 24, 27, 30℃ and 14L: 10D. The period from egg to adult at the temperature of 18, 21, 24, 27, 30℃ was 119.8, 73.1, 53.5, 39.4, and 82.0 days, respectively. The best development temperature was at 27℃. The regression curve was obtained by analyzing the relationship between temperature and growth rate using the Excell program, and the base temperature threshold and effective cumulative temperature for each development stage were calculated. From eggs to 5 nymphs of S. lurida the base temperature threshold was 17.9℃ and the effective cumulative temperature was 380.2 DD.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.488-495
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• 1997

The effects of ammonia on survival and growth of the flounder larva, Paralichthys olivaceus, were examined by a static renewal bioassay method. The $96\;hr-LC_{50}$ with the developmental stages during the period from 1day to 23 day-old larvae ranged 0.273 to 1.023 mg $NH_3/\ell$. Tolerance of the larvae to ammonia toxicity was much sensitive at the early larval stage, and increased with the growth of the larvae. Threshold $96hr-LC_{50}$ in 1, 3 and S day-old larvae after hatching were 0.293, 0.248 and 0.379 mg $NH_3/\ell$, respectively. Survival rate and growth in body weight and body weight of the larva were reduced with increase of ammonia concentration in the range of 0.055 and 0.341 mg $NH_3/\ell$. The no-observable-effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest-observable- effect concentration (LOEC) of the flounder larve were 0.102 and 0.174 mg $NH_3/\ell$ for body length, and 0.151 and 0.198 mg $NH_3/\ell$ for body weight, respectively. Chronic value (ChV), which is the geometric mean of the NOEC and $NH_3/\ell$ to body length of the larvae were 0.124 mg $NH_3/\ell$. The coefficient of variation (CV) for body length was higher at high concentration than at low concentration.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Startups in Korea are experiencing for themselves the laws of survival through competition in the local and international market, and are performing active business movements based on these. Korea's economic growth rate is 2.6% due to the slump in the domestic demand and reduced exports brought by the MERSC incident in 2015. The Korea Development Institute has estimated the economic growth rate in 2016 to be around 3.0%. South Korea's economy is facing the crisis of low-growth solidification due to the decrease in economic growth, and it is forecasted that growth without employment and polarization will worsen. Startups in the high-tech industrial generation of a particular field wherein the market environment is rapidly changing must maintain a competitive advantage with the capabilities and functions exclusive to them. It is very important that they maintain a competitive edge by utilizing the capabilities exclusive to startup companies. Likewise, the accumulation of resources is also crucial in determining the success of a startup business. In a poor local startup ecosystem, majority of the startup companies are performing their business activities while striving for survival, rather than success. About 80% are struggling to survive and are failing to overcome the "Death Valley" faced 3-5 years after establishing the company. Since majority of the startups fail to achieve results during the initial stages of foundation, the importance of research on business activities and achievement during the early stages of establishment is being raised. In accordance to this, this research has performed an actual analysis on how the activities of startups during their preparation phase and early stages affect their achievements. A survey was done on the CEOs or executives (people in a position to make decisions) of local small and medium-sized enterprises that are considered start-ups, and 203 valid data were collected and analyzed. Results showed that the discoveries and utilized activities necessary for the businesses of startups have a significant impact on their achievement through the entrepreneur resources and external partners' cooperation; additionally, the related implications were discussed.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 1996

The experiment was performed to evaluate the possibility of utilizing underground sea water for the seed production of tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes. For this purpose, the effects of 6 different salinities (3.5, 7.0, 14.0, 20.0, 27.0, $33.0\%_{\circ}$) were determined based on the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, survival rate and the amount of food consumed by hatched larvae, where as the effects of 3 different salinities (20.0, 27.0, $33.0\%_{\circ}$) were also examined with rearing tiger puffer juvenile ($4.29{\pm}0.50$ cm in total length) for 50 days in the closed recirculating water system. As a results, either the hatching or the survival rate of more than $70.0\%$ were obtained from the fertilized eggs reared at the salinity of 27.0 to $33.0\%_{\circ}$, the early hatched larvae at 27.0 to $33.0\%_{\circ}$, and the 10-day-old larvae at 20 to $33.0\%_{\circ}$. At three different salinities, the survival rate of 20-day- and 30-day-old larvae turned out to be $89.0\%$ and $92.5\%$, respectively. The salinity for maximum food intake thus appeared to be from 27.0 to $33.0\%_{\circ}$. In this condition, 20-day-old hatched larvae consumed $323\~342$ Artemia nauplii and 30-day-old hatched larvae ate $1,559\~1,5791$ A. nauplii. The highest growth rate of fingerlings were observed at the salinity $27\%$ and followed by 33.0 and $20.0\%_{\circ}$, respectively. The relationship between the days of rearing (X) and the total length (Y) of the fingerlings were as follows : $33.0\%_{\circ}$ group : Y=0.107X-2.532 (r=0.982) $27.0\%_{\circ}$ group : Y=0.116X-3.195 (r=0.975) $20.0\%_{\circ}$ group : Y=0.116X-2.693 (r=0.987) The slopes of regression line estimated from $27.0\%_{\circ}$ and $33.0\%_{\circ}$ groups were significantly different from that of $20.0\%_{\circ}$ group.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.611-635
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• 2003

This study deals with the "Dissemination Stage", the final step in the R&D process consisting of R&DDD($R&D^3$ : Research & Development, Demonstration, Dissemination). At the "Dissemination Stage", the newly configured technical design is compared with other alternatives to come up with the most desirable selection. The assessment conducted at this stage is not a simple procedure. It goes through the complex evaluation process in which various elements including economic effects and technical characteristics are considered. The reason for taking such a complex procedure is that the assessment, selection and application of the desirable technical alternative is critical for the company's competitive edge in every field of industrial sectors, thus influencing its survival and continuous growth. This study reviews the AHP method for assessing technical alternatives of the heat supply system design. And, to show the practical validity of the AHP method, it is applied to the evaluation of waste heat system alternatives in the field of energy supply system technology.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.112-120
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• 2011

Since early 2000s, the use of construction management(CM) in the public and private building sectors has rapidly grown in Korea. In addition, the use of CM services during pre-construction stages has been increasingly recognized as a critical factor to succeed in construction projects. Understanding clients' needs of pre-construction CM services is important for CM firms to strategically prepare and cope with market needs. The objective of the paper is to investigate and compare the usage level of CM services in public and private building projects during pre-construction stages, and to identify key characteristics and implications for CM firms. The paper identified that although there are some differences in CM service needs between public and private sectors, time management and cost management commonly showed the higher usage level.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.179-202
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• 2012

This study is a life history study of the elderly of overseas chinese. The aim of study is to explain the acculturation of identity and attitude to korean and the experience of discrimination through of the work of reconstruction of life history. We approached narrative - life history analyze. The life history data were collected by in - depth interview. The authors analysed the text according to Rosenthal(2008). In first stage we recomposed narrative life history and finally we composed experienced life history. The result as follows. The hero of this study have lived wearing korean mask for survival in the land of emergency landing but he lived severely dreaming come home in glory. The life of hero of this study represented forfeit of identity. He couldn't root in korea, Taiwan and China.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

The present study was conducted to develop an in vitro culture system that would support bovine follicle growth from preantral to antral stage, oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development. Bovine preantral follicles (150$\pm$1.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) surrounded by theca cell were isolated ezymatically and mechanically from ovarian cortical slides in Leibovitz L-l5 medium containing 1 mg/$m\ell$ collagenase and 0.2 mg/$m\ell$ DNase I and cultured for 25 days in the presence of different concentrations of bovine FSH and LH in $\alpha$MEM medium. The survival and growth rates of follicles cultured in the presence of FSH (10~150 ng/$m\ell$) were significantly higher than those of control group (P ＜ 0.001), but no significant differences were observed in survival and growth rates of follicles between the LH treatment groups (1~125 ng/$m\ell$) and the control. The survival (40%) and growth (244 $\pm$ 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) of follicles cultured with FSH (90 ng/$m\ell$) and LH (25 ng/$m\ell$) were higher than those of control (25%, 160 $\pm$1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$). Finally, 50% percent of healthy antral follicles were obtained, and almost 60% of them has complete meiotic division with 1st polar body (18.1%) and 10.0% have developed to the cleaved embryo and blastocyst stage. These results suggest that bovine preantral follicle with intact theca cell can grow to the antral stage using these culture conditions, and that oocytes from in vitro-matured bovine preantral follicle may acquire meiotic competence and can undergo fertilization and development.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2000

문명의 발달과 함께 수면부족으로 인한 여러 가지 스트레스와 질환이 증가하게 되어 최근 수면연구에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 온열환경 조건에서의 쾌적한 수면을 위한 온열환경을 제시하기 위해, 5명의 여성 피험자를 대상으로 22$^{\circ}C$, 26$^{\circ}C$, 3$0^{\circ}C$의 일정온도 조건과 $25^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 후와 2시간 후에 각각 1, 2$^{\circ}C$를 상승시켜주는 변동온도 조건하에서 수면생리신호를 측정하였다. 그리고, 수면단계 평가를 이용하여 총 수면시간, 깊은 수면의 비율, 그리고 최초 수면시작 시간에서 최초의 서파 수면이 나타나기까지의 지연시간 등의 수면효율을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 일정온도 조건에서는 26$^{\circ}C$에서 총 수면시간(466.7$\pm$10.25분)과 깊은 수면의 비율(33.1$\pm$4.95%)은 타 조건에 비해 높게 나타났고, 최초 서파수면까지의 지연시간(9.8$\pm$3.33분)은 타 조건에 비해 낮게 나타나 쾌적한 수면을 위한 가장 적절한 온열조건임을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그리고 변동온도 조건에서는 4가지 온열조건간에는 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, 모든 조건에서 일정온도 조건보다는 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 수면 중 신체 움직임과 설문 분석에서도 동일한 결과를 보였다. 본 연구를 통해, 수면생리신호를 이용한 수면 쾌적성 분석은 수면의 질적인 상태를 관찰하는데 매우 적합한 파라메터를 도출할 수 있으며, 여러 가지 수면환경 조건을 평가하는데 매우 유용한 지표가 될 수 있음을 보였다.e results suggest that hCG treatment at 7 days after insemination could be used to increase the pregnancy rate of embryo transfer, and transfer, and only the recipients with PUN concentration of <12 mg/dl were influenced by treatment with hCG./TEX>이었으며, 이는 화성 기원을 지시한다.sucrose를 이용한 2단계 희석이 수정란의 생존성을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 발육 단계별 생존성에 있어서는 발육이 진전된 확장배 반포 시에 동결하는 것이 배반포기에 동결하는 것 보다 유리한 것으로 나타났다.ody를 사용하여 flow cytometery해석을 실시하는 한편 125I-hGH binding assay에 의하여 hGH binding activity를 측정하였다. 최종적으로 GH signal transduction의 target genedf으로 알려져 있는 serine protease inhibitor 2.1(Spi 2.1) gene의 promotor activity를 검토한 결과 hGHR을 transfect한 CHO Cell에 있어서 hGH의 농도에 의존적으로 증가되었다. 따라서 본 실험에서 cloning한 cDNA hGHR는 native hGHR와 같은 기능을 가지는 것으로 판명되었다.것으로 판명되었다..ments of that period left both in Japan and Korea. "Hyojedo" in Korea is supposed to have been influenced by the letter design. Asite- is also considered to