• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2003

동해안의 강릉 연안에 자생하는 토종 다시마인 개다시마는 산업적으로 개발의 여지가 매우 크다. 그러나 천연 자원량에 의존하고 있는 가공산업은 해황에 따라 원료 공급이 좌우되는 불안정성을 가지고 있어서 이 식물의 산업적 생산량을 확보하기 위한 방안으로 대량양식의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 동해안 토종 다시마인 개다시마의 종묘생산기술 개발을 위해서 항온배양기와 실내수조배양을 실시하고 바다 가이식 양성에 의한 환경적응성 실험을 수행하였다. 연구 방법은 2001년 10월에 강릉연안 수심 20m에서 분포하는 개다시마 군락의 모조로부터 유주자액을 받아 온도 5, 10, 15, 20, $25^{\circ}C$, 조도 40, 80, 120 $\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$의 조건에서 6주간 정치배양하였다. 유주자의 발아 및 아포체 생장 실험 이후 바다 가이식 및 양성실험은 2002년 1~2월까지 1개월간 실시하였다. 유주자의 발아 및 아포체 형성은 1$0^{\circ}C$, 120$\mu$mo1 m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$에서 배양 2주만에 가장 먼저 아포체의 발아가 관찰되었으며, 이후 15$^{\circ}C$와 5$^{\circ}C$에서 순차적으로 아포체의 발아가 이루어졌다. 2$0^{\circ}C$는 80, 120$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$에서 소수의 아포체만이 관찰되었으며, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 아포체가 형성되지 않았다. 아포체는 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 가장 좋은 생장을 보였고, 15$^{\circ}C$와 1$0^{\circ}C$에서는 비슷한 생장을 나타냈으며, 2$0^{\circ}C$에서는 80$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$에서만 아포체의 형성이 관찰되어 가장 낮은 생장을 보였다. 동일 온도에서는 조도에 따른 생장의 차이가 많이 났는데, 40$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$에서 가장 좋은 생장을 나타냈다. 80과 120$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$에서는 120$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$이 약간 좋은 생장을 보였지만 큰 차이는 나지 않았다. 생장이 가장 좋은 조건은 1$0^{\circ}C$, 40$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$으로 엽장 1.28mm까지 생장했다. 전체적으로 수심이 깊은 곳에 서식하는 특성상 저수온과 저조도에서 좋은 생장 경향을 보였다. 실내배양을 통해 얻은 엽장 약 1~2mm의 종묘를 2002년 1월말에 삼척 호산에 위치한 바다 양성장에서 종묘들과 함께 2주간 수심별로 가이식(수온 12$^{\circ}C$)을 실시한 결과, 수심 1m에서 좋게 나타나 엽장이 약 5mm정도 생장하였다. 수심 0m에서는 강한 조도에 의해 엽상체가 사그라드는 기형이 나타났으며, 수심 5m에서는 엽상체의 기형이나 생장의 차이는 없었지만, 색택이 약간 바랜 것을 볼 수 있었다. 종합적으로 볼 때 종묘의 관리나 생장에는 수심 1~2m가 양호할 것으로 생각된다. 바다 가이식을 통해 엽장 5mm의 종묘로 생장시킨 후 바로 본양성장에 씨줄감기를 하여 양성을 실시하였다 양성 1개월 후 엽상체는 약 2~3cm, 최대 4~5cm까지 생장하였다. 이를 통해 강릉연안 토종 다시마인 개다시마에 대한 종묘 생산과 대량 양성의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.6
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• pp.843-848
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• 2010

The effects of soil acidification on the photosynthetic activity of Quercus acutissima seedlings were investigated. We measured the growth and photosynthetic activity of the seedlings in relation to soil acidification. The dry weights of the seedlings were reduced according to the amount of $H^+$ in the soil. The concentrations of Al in needles at the 90 meq $H^+$ were significantly higher than those at the control. The contents of chlorophyll in needles at 90 meq $H^+$ were significantly lower than those at the control. The net photosynthetic rates of the seedlings in the acidified soil were reduced by increasing the amount of $H^+$ to the soil. The carboxylation efficiencies(CE) of photosynthesis were reduced in the seedlings grown in the acidified soil. These results suggested that the soil acidification induced the inhibition of photochemical reactions and $CO_2$ fixation of photosynthesis.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.453-457
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• 2009

Contamination of marine environment with hazardous and toxic chemicals is more common these days. Bioremediation is the application of microorganism or microbial processes to degrade environmental contaminant. Because of low water solubility and volatility of diesel, bioremediation is more efficient than physical and chemical methods. The objective of this study is biodegradation of diesel in sea water by using Rhodococcus fascians which is isolated petroleum-contaminated soil. R. fascians was cultured on sea water containing diesel to determine the diesel degradability. Changes in biodegradability of diesel with various inoculum sizes, diesel concentrations, initial pH, and culture temperature were analyzed by TPH analysis using gas chromatography. The inoculum size 2% was effective for biodegrdation of diesel in sea water by R. fascians. When diesel concentration was 5%, the growth of cell was inhibited by the toxicity of diesel. The optimal temperature and initial pH for degradation of diesel in sea water were $27^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

A simulation model was used to examine the effects of climate variation on the tree-ring structure of Larix leptolepis trees growing at a plantation plot in Worak National Park in central Korea. The model uses mathematical equations to simulate processes affecting cell(tracheid) size variations for individual rings using daily precipitation and temperature measurements. Limiting conditions are estimated from temperature, day length and a calculated water balance. The results indicate that the seasonal growth is mostly limited by the soil moisture content and precipitation income during April and May. The April-May temperature also inversely influences the growth by increasing water losses from soil. The global climate-change scenario which includes regional warming(increasing temperature in spring-summer periods) appears to decrease the duration of optimal growths. Consequently, the model estimated that Larix leptolepis would lose the total production of xylem by 25%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.3
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• pp.351-356
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• 2009

This study purposed to judge potential possibility of building highly precise empirical model using environmental variables. Environmental variables such as altitude, mean annual rainfall, mean annual temperature and organic matter ratio of soil were added to height and diameter model for Chamaecyparis obtusa, and examined accuracy and residuals of prediction model. Improvement in precision was found for the Gompertz polymorphic height model by including mean temperature and altitude as independent variables, while the Gompertz diameter model with annual rainfall and altitude was showed improvement of precision and accuracy. Comparing the improvement of precision between the model before adding environmental variables and the model after adding them, an improvement or some ratio was obtained though it is not obvious. Therefore, there is enough proof that adding environmental variables, which can be easily acquired relatively when considering the difficulties of measurement and budget, into the model as independent variables would improve the accuracy and precision of growth models.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the growth responses of Pinus densiflora seedlings to enhanced UV-B environment for 16 weeks in the field condition. The seedlings were treated with one of three levels of UV-B dosages - ambient UV-B, ambient + 3.2, and ambient + 5.2 KJ m$^{-2}$day$^{-1}$ and the irradiation was performed at the stage before the germination, the fully expanded cotyledon, and the primary needles grown more than 0.8cm in length of the seedlings, respectively. Enhanced UV-B irradiation reduced the height and the root collar diameter growth, and dry mass production of the seedling, and T/R ratio was increased by the UV-B treatment. Difference in seedling growth was observed by difference in time of the UV-B treatment. Among the seedlings which were treated with ambient - 3.2 KJ m$^{-2}$day$^{-1}$, height and root collar diameter growth was relatively high in the seedling received the UV-B treatment at the stage before the germination. The lowest dry mass production was observed in the seedlings received the UV-B at stage of cotyledon both in two levels of enhanced UV-B treatment. Chlorophyll concentration was reduced by enhanced UV-B irradiation, and chlorophyll a/b ratio was increased by the UV-B treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.79 no.4
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• pp.431-434
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• 1990

The growth pattern of bud-shoot-needle of isolated 15-year-old trees, and seansonal changes in litter-falls and fine root dry weights in the unthinned 28-year-old plantation were investigated to understand the growth phenology of Pinus koraiensis. Shoot growth was continued by 7th June when buds appeared, while current needle growth was by 19th July when the bud growth started. Most of the litter-falls occurred in October but many of them were fallen in July and August due to storms, Fine roots were produced mostly in autumn(1,004 kg/ha), and were dead during winter (583 kg/ha) and spring(1,331 kg/ha).

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to estimate height growth pattern and to derive site index equation for Pinus densiflora grown at Mt. Osu region, Chungnam. A total of 21 repre - sentative trees from the established temporary plots around Boryeng and Cheongyang regions were destructively sampled to measure diameter, height, volume growth per 1-year interval by using of DTRS- 2000 measurement instrument. The Schnute growth function was select ed for height growth prediction using 181 height-age paired observations and derived anamorphic base age invariant site index curves (base index age 30 years). The fitted index and the asymptotic value of Schnute model indicated both 0.96 and 10.8 meter, respectively. The results suggested in this study could be very useful to understand the height growth pattern and productivity of the site quality on Pinus densiflora grown at Mt. Osu region, Chungnam.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.515-518
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• 1998

The effect of ethylene on the proliferation of rhizomes and plant regeneration were investigated from rhizome segment culture of Cymbidium niveo-marginatum. Ethylene levels in the rhizome culture vessels were reached a maximum after 8 days of culture; total amount of ethylene evolution was much on the initiation of shoot induction than of rhizome proliferation. The treatment with ethephon on rhizomes was inhibited in the proliferation of rhizome and the growth of shoot length; however, the treatment was effective on shoot induction from rhizomes. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG) 1mg/L was effective on the proliferation of rhizomes and shoot induction from them; however, the proliferation of them was inhibited, and the growth of shoot length was significantly promoted at the concentration of 10mg/L AVG. The presence of $\textrm{AgNO}_{3}$ inhibited in the proliferation of rhizomes and shoot induction from them.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.231-237
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• 2008

Objective of this research was to investigate the effect of calcium concentrations in the fertilizer solution on growth and development of Ca deficiency in 'Maehyang' strawberry (Fragaria $\times$ ananassa Duch.). The margins of the youngest leaves were scorched and they developed a cupped shape as they were expanded in Ca deficient plants. The vein area of the youngest leaves became brown when the deficiency became severe. The quadratic responses were observed in dry weight production to elevated Ca concentrations in fertilizer solutions with the highest growth in 4.5 mM treatment. The regression equation was y=2.4026+1.0209x-$0.098x^2$ $(R^2=0.3546^{***})$. However, tissue Ca contents increased lineally as the Ca concentrations in fertilizer solutions were elevated (y=1.2108+0.1333x, $R^2=0.9189^{***}$). In changes of the fresh weight and Ca concentrations in petiole sap, fresh weight production showed quadratic responses to elevated Ca concentrations in fertilizer solution, but Ca concentration increased lineally. The equations in changes of fresh weight and Ca concentrations were y=9.273+4.882x-$0.4245x^2$ $(R^2=0.4935^{***})$ and y=52.311+3.2917x $(R^2=0.6918^{***})$, respectively. When the concentration of calcium at which plant growth was retarded by 10% is regarded as critical concentration level, the calcium contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue and in petiole sap should be in the range between 1.6 to 2.25% and 63 to $79mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively.