• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.358-364
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• 2001

To obtain information for the proper fertilization management of cut-flower roses, the amount of macro and micro elements absorbed by cut-flower roses from soil for a year was investigated. Three cut-flower rose cultivars which are called 'Grandgara', 'Nobless', and 'Centina' were transplanted to a sandy loam soil, N-P-K standard fertilization was applied to the soil, and drip irrigation was done at the level of 10 kPa soil moisture tension. There was not significantly different in the harvest amount of cut-flower rose between 'Grandgara' and 'Nobless', but the harvest yield of 'Centina' was about 63% level when compared to that of 'Grandgara'. Considering seasonal changes in the content of nutrients in plant, parts, the uptake of untrients was higher in winter season than that in spring and summer seasons. Except for 'Centina', the nutrient amount removed from plant parts of 'Grandgara' and 'Nobless' increased with the sequence of floral part < stem < leaf, indicating that it is more dependent on biomass yield than on the content of nutrients in each plant part. The ratio of N/K amount absorbed by 'Nobless' and 'Centina' was 1.13 and 1.28. respectively, lower than 1.68 of 'Grandgara', showing that the requirement for K is greater in 'Nobless' and 'Centina' than in 'Grandgara'. The use efficiency of nutrients by cut-flower roses ranged from 39 to 64% in nitrogen, 5 to 9% in phosphorus, and 37 to 67% in potassium. It suggests that the requirement for P in cut-flower roses is very low.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.4
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• pp.392-398
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• 2009

Artificial Asian dust was treated in this study to compare and determine its effect on growth, photosynthesis, respiration and stomata of 5 species trees. Sophora japonica's growth and respiration using artificial Asian dust treatment which is 10 times of average contents of Asian dust: $5,000{\mu}g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ decreases after 3 weeks while no significant difference in other species. The maximum photosynthesis of Sophora japonica and Betula pendula decreased significantly after 3 weeks and 6 weeks, respectively, using artificial Asian dust treatment which is average contents of Asian dust: $500{\mu}g{\cdot}m^{-2}$. At $5,000{\mu}g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ treatment, photosynthesis of both species decreased just after treatment of artificial Asian dust. Quercus acutissima, Quercus mongolica and Acer triflorum have no significant differences. Dust was found inside the Sophora japonica's stomatas under heavy dust treatment when viewed under the light electron microscope. By scanning electron microscopy, the higher rate of stomatal opening of Sophora japonica and Betula pendula was recognized and the size of both stomatas was bigger than other species. This result means that Asian dust has an influence in decreasing the photosynthesis, respiration and growth of some species especially if the stomatas are large.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2017

Willow plants are representative biomaterials used in river restoration and main target trees in stream managements. In order to understand the changes in the growth of Salix subfragilis and S. chaenomeloides with their stand ages, we investigated the density, height and basal area of stems and biomass at their different aged stands of the riparian zone of the sand-bed stream, the Nakdong River, Korea. We also developed allometric equations for estimating the biomass of these two species by establishing the relationship between diameter at breadth height and tree height with above-ground biomass. The stem density showed a sharp decrease for 3 years after germination for S. subfragilis and 6 years for S. chaenomeloides, resulting in strong self-thinning. The stem height of the two species increased to 7.5 m in 15 years for S. subfragilis, and to 14 m in 13 years for S. chaenomeloides. Aboveground biomass also increased rapidly at the early stage of growth. The biomass increased to 17 ton DM/ha in 13 years for S. subfragilis and to 1,110 ton DM / ha in 13 years for S. chaenomeloides. It is expected that the allometric equations of two Salix species derived from this study will be applied to the objectively estimating the biomass of willow plants for the management of floodplain trees in streams.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.200-207
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to investigate the site and growth characteristics of Acer pictum var. mono growing in the deciduous stands at Mt. Joongwang area located in Pyungchanggun, Kangwon-do. A. pictum var. mono was mainly distributed at the rather steep slope and aspect facing from northeast to northwest, and altitudes ranging from 1,000 to 1,200m. It grew at relatively deep a soil layer with high moisture and nutrients. Major competing species in the upper stories were Betula costata, Acer mandshuricum, Quercus mongolica, Cornus controversa, and herb plants such as Meehania urtidfolia, Isodon excisus, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Ainsliaea acerifolia in the floor. The height growth was 0.25m in early time, decreased gradually and sustained growth of lower than 10cm. The diameter growth of A. pictum was under 1mm in early time, but increased to 0.3mm/yr and showed continuous growth of 2mm/yr recently. Annual volume growth showed rapid increased about age 120 and then showed stable growth, so the rotation period of A. pictum is expected more than 200 years without decay of heartwood.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 1988

Nematophagous fungi were successfully isolated by baited plating, centrifugation technique of soil, and direct isolation from naturally ingested nematodes. Predominant seven fungi isolated were identified as Artheobotrys arthroboteyides, A.conoides, A. oligospora, Dactylella lobata, Fusatium oxysporum, Monacrosporium ellopsoporum and Harposporium anguillu-lae. Of these, six fungi were tested for cultural characteristics except. H, anguillulae, extre-mely fastidious fungus in artificial media. Among 14 media tested in this experiment, Corn-meal Agar (CMA) and Oatmeal Agar (OMA) were the most suitable media for growing all six nematophagous fungi. Weakly saprophytic M. ellipsospoyum also grew vigoroualy on these two media. The radial growth, dry weight and sporulation of the fungi tested were quite diverse depending on the culture media. D. lobata revealed good growth and abundantly sporulated on Glucoes Peptone Agar (GPA). Although over-all growth of F, oxysporum was not satisfactory on Sucrose Nitrate Agar (SNA), the sporulation was best on this medium. Optimum conditious for mycelial growth and sporulation of nematophagous fungi ranged pH 5-8 and 20-$30^{\circ}C$ on SNA. D. lobata and F, oxysporum grew vigorously and most profusely sporulated on all media tested. They turned out an most promising biocontrol agents for their aggressive growth and sporulation over the ranges of temperature and pH ranges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.432-435
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• 2006

전 세계적으로 방대하게 배출되는 도축 부산물인 우모는 높은 영양적 가치를 가짐에도 불구하고 현재 사용하는 물리화학적 처리법의 여러 단점으로 효율적으로 이용되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 그 결과 2차 오염을 발생시키지 않는 경제적 방법인 생물학적 처리에 대한 연구의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 방법 중 대표적인 방법으로 미생물이 생산하는 keratinase를 이용한 생분해에 대해 연구를 하기 위해 경남 일대 퇴비화 볏짚에서 keratinolytic protease 생성능이 우수한 균주인 RS7을 분리하였고 생화학적 동정법과 16S rDNA를 이용한 동정결과 B. pumilus로 동정되었다. 본 실험에서 분리된 B. pumilus는 기존에 활발히 연구되어 있지 않는 균주로써 native feather 분해도가 기존에 알려진 Bacillus 속들이 3일 정도에서 분해 완료되는 것과는 달리 36시간 ${\sim}$48시간 내에 깃대까지 완전히 분해하였다. 또한 분리 균주의 경제적인 분해능을 토대로 분해산물이 식물 생장에 주는 영향과 아미노산 함유량을 검토한 결과 기존의 화학적 분해에 의한 분해산물보다 아미노산 함유량이 4배가량 많았으며 식물 생장에 있어서도 생장율과 개화시점으로 미루어볼 때 비료로써의 역할을 수행할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.60-60
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• 2002

This study was excuted to decide the physiological characteristics of Fomers fomentarius. F. fomentarius was tested to select pertinent substract, temperature and pH range for the growth. Mycelial growth of F. fomentarius was mostly supported on MYPA among other tested synthetic or semi-synthetic media. The temperature range for pertinent mycelial growth was about 22~32$^{\circ}C$ and mostly stimulated at $25^{\circ}C$. And the pertinent pH range of MYPA was 5.0~6.0. The required carbon and nitrogen source for mycelial growth of F. fomentarius was tested. The mycelial growth was mostly stimulated by soluble starch at content. The carbon sources for pertinent mycelial growth was glucose or starch. And the nitrogen source for pertinent mycelial growth was yeast

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.1
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• pp.73-85
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• 1999

This study was conducted to reveal the characteristics of the early growth by locality for Korean white pine planted in Gapyung and Kwangju, Kyunggi-Do and Youngdong, Choongchungbuk-Do. The effects of local climatic conditions as one of environmental factors on the growth were also analyzed. For this, several stand variables such as number of trees survived, mean DBH, mean height, basal area per hectare, and volume per hectare by stand age were measured and summarized for each locality. Based on these statistics, periodic annual increments for 8 years from stand age 10 to 18 were calculated for each of stand variables. A topoclimatological technique, for the estimation of local climatic conditions, which makes use of empirical relationships between the topography and the weather in study areas was applied to produce reasonable estimates of monthly mean, maximum, minimum temperatures, relative humidity, precipitation, and hours of sunshine over remote land area where routine observations are rare. From these monthly estimates, 17 weather variables such as warmth index, coldness index, index of aridity etc. which affect the tree growth, were computed for each locality. The periodic annual increments were then correlated with and regressed on the weather variables to examine effects of local weather conditions on the growth. Gapyung area provided the best conditions for the growth of Korean white pine in the early stage and Kwangju area ranked second. On the other hand, the growth pattern in Youngdong ranked last overall as expected. It is also found that the local growth patterns of Korean white pine in juvenile stage were affected by typical weather conditions. The conditions such as low temperature, high relative humidity, and large amount of precipitation provide favorable environment for the growth of Korean white pine. Especially, the diameter growth, basal area growth, and volume growth are mainly influenced by the amount of precipitation. However, it is proved that the height growth is affected by both the precipitation and temperature.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.341-345
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• 1994

The effect of phytohormones on in vitro production of ubiquinone 10 from the callus cultures of Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi was investigated. The growth of callus cultures of Xanthi was in proved by addition of NAA and 2,4-D, especially NAA 0.5 mg/L alone, at the light condition. Ubiquinone 10 was detected by HPLC, and confirmed from Xanthi callus cultured on the all of uppermedia. The ubiquinone 10 content in Xanthi tobacco callus cultured on the medium with NAA 0.5 mg/L only was higher than that of other mixed medium with NAA and 2,4-D. However addition of IBA 1 mg/L and NAA 0.5 mg/L to the medium was more effective in promoting ubiquinone 10 formation than that of NAA 0.5 mg/L only As the callus growth of Xanthi was considerabley restrained at concentration of kinetin, Content and production of ubiquinone low as the highest at kinetin 0.5mg/L and 2,4-D 0.5mg/L in the light.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.181-191
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• 2000

젖산균의 생장을 위한 질소, 탄소 공급원으로서 corn steep liquor의 이용 가능성을 시험하고 반응 표면 분석(Response surface metho-dology)을 이용하여 젖산균의 최적 생상 배지 조성을 연구하였다. 반응 표면 분석에서 L.fermentum의 생장배지에 첨가되 corn steep liquor와 yeast extract의 농도(p<0.01) 그리고 corn steep liquor와 yeast extract의 교호작용(P<0.05)이 L.ferm-entum의 생장에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이때 생균수가 최대인 corn steep liquor의 함량은 10.77%, yeast extract는 3.39%.Tween 80은 1.69%으로 예측되었다. 한편, Lc, lactis ssp. lactis 의 생장배지는 corn steep liquor 의 농도(P<0.01) 그리고 corn steep li-quor와 $\beta$-glycerophosphate disodium salt의 교호작용(P<0.05)인 Lc. lactis ssp. lactis의 생장에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 이때 생균수가 최대인 corn steep liquor의 함량은 3.5%, $\beta$-glycerophosphate disodium salt는 4.38%로 예측되었다. MRS broth와 예측된 최적 배지에서 L.fermentum의 젖산과 초산의 생성량은 각각 0.166, 0.114과 0.273, 0.081 M이고 M 17glc broth와 최적배지에서 Lc. lacti ssp. lactis의 젖산과 초산의 생성량은 각각 0.089, 0.003과 0.189, 0.003M이었다. 따라서 corn steep liquor는 L. fermentum와 Lc. lactis ssp, lactis 의 생장을 위해 질소 또는 탄소 공급원으로서 배지에 첨가 될 수 있는 우수한 농업 부산물로 판단되었다.