• 한국양묘협회지
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• s.34
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 1999

우리 나라 남서부에 위치한 변산반도내에 자생하고 있는 꽝꽝나무군락지의 천이에 관한 장기적인 모니터링과 보전관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 서식환경 및 생육실태 등을 조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 꽝꽝나무군락의 분포면적은 270m2로성목 123그루와 치수 약 170그루가 자라고 있다. 꽝꽝나무군락지 내부에는 총 21과 31속 30종 6변종 1품종(총 37분류군)의 관속식물이 서식하고 있다. 꽝꽝나무 성목의 평균 수고는 1.0m, 평균 수관폭은 동서 방향 112.3cm 남북 방향 91.3cm이었다. 꽝꽝나무의 평균 엽길이는 10.2mm, 평균 엽폭은 6.9mm, 평균 엽병길이는 1.7mm 평균엽면적은 0.47$\textrm{cm}^2$로서 좀꽝꽝나무로 표기하는 것이 타당하다고 사료된다. 꽝꽝나무 성목은 모두 개화하였으며 꽃은 모두 암꽃이었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.55-58
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.142-142
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• 1997

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2012

This study is determined by tree vigor of analyzing of each object's growth condition in Locational Characteristics and compare the result with impediment extent rate in crown area to provide the management Study about the influence of man-made structures in numbers of protected trees. 68 places where are in the list of Kimpo protected trees were researched in Natural environments, vital degree of trees, number of trees. Crown area was calculated surveying it around the directions of North, East, South and West branching out. Impediment in the area was analyzed after classified into artificial impediment like paved surface(ascon, concrete, block, etc.), a building and a breast wall and natural impediment like soil, stonework and gravel and conclusions are as follow. In analyzing of natural environments, he ground where protected trees have located is consist of 72.05 of manmade structure and artificial in all. There are many protected trees which have less space than crown area for growth suggested by Woo-kyung Sim and Se-kyun Shin in 1992. And it was analyzed that making growth space for protected trees and management of impediment are urgently needed because of that the proportion of impediment covering the crown area has increased as cities are becoming more urbanized results in transforming of trees and weakness of tree vigor. This research shows that under 20% of in crown area is tree vigor determination 1-2 grade 21-50% under is 2-3 grade, higher than 50% is 3-5 grade. More impediment have more difficulty for growing, with the management of root system of protected trees need to be under 20% of rate of land is necessary was improved. As follows are suggested about the standard of management in artificial impediment which influence the number of trees. Firstly, impediment in crown area must be restricted under 20%, but in case outside of the area is not artificial the rate could be higher considerable. Secondly, protected trees growth space secured as much as crown area and impediment must be installed outside the crown area. Thirdly, to move the protected trees, condition of growth space secure must be considered. Fourthly, to develope land, the area around protected trees should be utilized in a park, the area of impediment installation in crown area should be limited as well. Fifthly, As many shown in previous research, for the improvement of old big trees and protected trees, need the tax favor of landowner and purchase of around land, to manage, it needs the budget of local government and advice of expert. Also the study on how various kind of impediment nearby protected trees influence on them has to be continued.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.135-143
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• 2006

We have investigated cultural circumstance and given condition of king oyster mushroom(Pleurotus eryngii) growing farmer. We collected many pathogens from King oyster mushroom growing farmer and identified with chemicobiological test and microscope. Most of investigated farmers neglected their's growing room cleaning and washing, after harvesting At pin-heading induction time, humidity degree in growing room was kept of high level and Air ventilation volume was so little that fruit-body formation ratio was low. The collected pathogens were twenty eight strains and identified with Pseudomonas sp., Trichoderma sp. mostly. During the spawn running time and pin-heading induction time, contamination by Trichoderma sp. occurred mostly, but during the fruit-body growing time, contamination by Pseudomonas sp., Erwinia sp. etc, occurred.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.95-107
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data by analyzing and analysing the Growth Conditions of old Trees in Yangdong village. This study investigated about the conducted on tree information, soil information, and tree health. The result are as follows. The trees information in Yangdong Village consists of Juniperus chinensis, Salix chaenomeloides, Salix pseudolasiogyne, Celtis sinensis, Zelkova serrata, Gleditsia japonica, and Gleditsia sinensis trees, The range of height was 4.0~17.0m, and the diameter was 0.51~1.34m, Juniperus chinensis trees of No.17 was most large. In the results of soil analysis, there showed that acidity was pH4.1~6.3, hardness of 5~48mm, organic matter content of 21.2~29.1g/kg, electrical conductivity(EC) of 0.34~1.76dS/m, available P₂O₅ of 79.8~451.6mg/kg, exchangeable K of 0.22~1.71cmol+/kg, exchangeable Ca of 4.98~7.44cmol+/kg, exchangeable Mg of 0.67~2.19cmol+/kg, exchangeable Na of 0.19~1.04cmol+/kg and cation exchange capacity(C.E.C) of 7.23~13.02cmol+/kg. As a result, the highest number of tree health levels is 8 of 11trees of Celtis sinensis, 2 of 7trees of Zelkova serrata, and 3 of Gleditsia sinensis, and 13 of 30 trees of health levels, The Older trees with high infection, spoil and hollowed part were the remaining trees except for the healthy part. Relatively, more than half of the number of targets is infected, decay, and the hollowed site, and it is necessary to perform surgery on the damaged area. In addition, preservation and protection measures should be implemented by supplying root nutrients for trees, controlling nutrients in the body to prevent secondary and tertiary damages that cause the infection site to metastasize to the health site, In order to continually monitor the trees, measures to improve the location environment and management of the trees should be sought.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.190-211
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to provide the preliminary data for maintenance of old trees of natural monuments and establishing protection projects. Accordingly, growth conditions, location circumstances, environment and protection management were analyzed for old trees at 34 sites in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Tree forms, crown, trunk and trees' health, leaves volume were analyzed in survey sites. As the results, the growth of Picrasma quassioides in Songsadong, Andong-si and Catalpa ovata in Hongwon-ri, Cheongsong-gun were not in good condition, along with other old trees of 6 cities (Quercus variabilis in Susan-ri, Uljin-gun, Juniperus chinensis in Hujeong-ri, Uljin-gun, Pyrus ussuriensis in Ssangjeon-ri, Uljin-gun, Salix glandulosa var. pilosa in Deokchon-ri, Cheongdo-gun, Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis in Hwasan-ri, Mungyeong-si, Pinus densiflora in Daeha-ri, Mungyeong-si). Accoding to these results, protection project and consistent monitoring are necessary. The analysis results of growth conditions per location circumstances showed that the old trees in the small spaces with large traffic of people were in bad condition. Therefore, it is necessary to secure sufficient space and soil improvement for such trees. The analysis results of growth conditions per species showed that Zelkova serrata, Quercus spp., Pinus densiflora are in good condition while Salix koreensis and others, i.e. a singular tree, are in poor condition. Thus, relatively smaller individuals and separately situated trees need careful management in their protection. The analysis results of trunk's growth ratio showed that Pinus densiflora, Ginkgo biloba, Zelkova serrata are in good condition whereas Juniperus chinensis, Quercus variabilis, Salix koreensis are not. It is a recent trend that tree surgeries are gradually decreasing; there are a number of damaged trees with no maintenance/management, and several sites requiring mend trunks management and cabling, bracing in protection and management projects. Hence, in the future, local government and management organizations should plan for systematic management and establish a protection plan for the natural monument trees. Also, 12 sites were found to be in need to purchase lands in order to secure the growth spaces, and since most of these areas are available for purchase, it is needed to promote a budget and purchase those areas through persuasion of the owner. These areas seems crucial in order to maximize the effect of conservation efforts and budgets for the preservation and restoration of the old trees.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 1997

The experiment was conducted to find causes of rooting failure in divided crown of peony cultivation. The results were as follows : In farmer s fields, damage rate of rooting failure in divided crown of peony was 32% as non-sprouting 5.6%, withering after sprouting 20.7%, and wilting after sprouting 5.7%, repectively. Damage degree in farmer s fields was followed, above 70% by 4%, 41 to 70% by 17%, 11 to 40% by 45% per total field area, respectively. It was caused by rooting failure. Damage rate of rooting failure as affected by different planting time was 18.2% for planting in autumn, 42.9% for planting in spring, and damage in divided crown was higher than in seedling. As periods to planting were prolonged, growth and yield were larger poorly, treatment with seminal-root sterilization and soil insecticide showed good growth and rooting but untreated control was very poor. Main cause of rooting failure in divided crown of peony was disease, Cylindrocarpon sp. and low quality of seeds.

• Agrochemical news magazine
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• v.15 no.6 s.123
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• pp.24-27
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• 1994

93년 냉해는 작물의 생육 및 결실 등 생리작용에 큰 영향을 주었고 병해충의 종류에 따라 최적조건이 되는 특정 병해충발생이 증가하였다. 94년 가뭄은 밭작물 특히 채소류의 경우 진딧물과 함께 바이러스병 발생도 증가하였다. 여기서는 농촌진흥청 발행 ''93 이상기상과 작물피해실태 종합보고서와 ''93 작물보호사업보고서의 내용을 중심으로 하여 ''93냉해와 ''94가뭄에 따른 주요 채소류에서 병해충 발생양상과 대책을 살펴 보기로 한다.