• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2021

The rock-carved standing Buddha triad in Seoak-dong is a large stone Buddha statue of the Unified Silla era (AD 676 to 935) in ancient Korea, built near the top of the southeastern side of mountain Seondosan in Gyeongju, is characterized by its locational importance, the powerful Amitabha and the gentle sculptural technique of the Bodhisattva. In particular, Amitabha Buddha in andesite rock slope with biotite granite pedestal and two Bodhisattva parallel made by alkali granites seems to express the dignity through the color and texture of the stones. In the Amitabha Buddha, deterioration characteristics are accelerating due to the combination of various joint systems, instability of the slopes and relaxation by the root pressure of plants occurring at the top. In addition, physical properties have deteriorated owing to the increase of discontinuous surfaces as joints, cracks and scalings, and the coverage of algae and lichen is also high. Therefore, deterioration degree in Buddha triad is accelerated due to the physical weathering characteristics from natural rock mass and various biological invasion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.231-237
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• 2020

In this paper, we provide an efficient hybrid video blending scheme to improve the naturalness of composite video in Poisson equation-based composite methods. In image blending process, various blending methods are used depending on the purpose of image composition. The hybrid blending method proposed in this paper has the characteristics that there is no seam in the composite video and the color distortion of the object is reduced by properly utilizing the advantages of Poisson blending and alpha blending. First, after blending the source object by the Poisson blending method, the color difference between the blended object and the original object is compared. If the color difference is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the object of source video is alpha blended and is added together with the Poisson blended object. Simulation results show that the proposed method has not only better naturalness than Poisson blending and alpha blending, but also requires a relatively small amount of computation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.40
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• pp.45-61
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• 2019

This study attempts to examine the recent trend of 'Maison & Objet' exhibition which shows everything that forms a space, and seek cases where such 'green amenity' is applied. In terms of morphology, a minimal space was filled with a curved shape, and gradually a design that reproduces nature was produced. As the maximalism gradually emerged, decorative elements were added to the design, and a lot of craft products appeared. In terms of materials, the emotion of naturalism was the most common, and natural wood materials were mainly used. These materials combine with various heterogeneous materials to complete a new design, and natural elements were shaped in space. In terms of colors, the theme in 2016 was 'Wild', and it was possible to see a space where wild nature can be experienced. It showed various colors of nature centered on brown and green of trees. 'Silence' in 2017 is distinguished and characterized by its pink color. Also, pieces of warm reddish brown furniture were made. In the past, brass or rose gold would be trendy, but in 2017, gold or silver colors showed a greater popularity. In 2018, 'Show Room' was the theme, and the representative color was green, which affected new designs with yellow and pink.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.81-98
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• 2017

This study starts from the judgment that the evaluation about preserved flower package design has to be performed based on the product attribute. The principles and components of package design are reestablished from preceding researches, the product type model is suggested based on the product attribute. The 6 principles of package design are usability, esthetic element, attracting attention, creativity, identity and implication, and the 5 components of package design are form, material, color, graphics and branding factors. The product types are classified into 4 areas following the 2 axises. The 1 axis means the degree of perception risk on acquiring information and the other means the approaching type to expected effects about products. The characteristics of package design components are analyzed from the cases belonged at each area on the product type model. Based on the this model, the strategy of preserved flower package design is drawn. At last the package of 'Preserville' is analyzed, we find out the critical points and suggest the intention point in planning the preserved flower package.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.151-168
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• 2015

As the market of music download stores moved into the mobile epoch the market was growing explosively. Recently, the digital music market tends to move from the mp3 download market to streaming service and the users can use the service on their mobile devices without reference to any inconvenient download and limited storage capacity. It was found that they mainly use the recommendation music playlist, instant player, main player and sharing of the functions of the streaming service from the user behavior research. This is noticeable features that set apart from the mp3 download service. However, the interface design of the streaming app followed the previous service and it needs the optimization of its UI design. In this study, the usability of high ranked three mobile streaming apps was evaluated. The result of the test was that Naver music and Bugs had high scores overall in four sections of the streaming service features. On the other hand, the Melon had primarily high score in color application on the service. The aim of this study is to suggest the direction of the UI design of music streaming service through the understanding of essence of streaming service and evaluation the usability test.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.90-111
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• 2021

Seojangdaeyajodo is a drawing of Jangyongyoung's military night training on February 12 (lunar leap month), 1795. Focusing on the Seojangdaeyajodo, the positions and roles of the low-ranking soldier belonging to Jangyongyoung, and the composition and characteristics of military uniforms for each role were examined. The results ascertained by the historical research on the military uniforms are as follows. Deungronggun, noeja, sunryeongsu and daegisu who were placed in front of the king's Seojangdae were the low-ranking soldiers belonging to Jangyongyoung. The soldiers who escorted the king around Seojangdae were lowranking soldiers belonging to Jangyongyoung. The military uniform of the deungronggun was consisted of a jeolrip, a black heopsu, red gweja, indigo jeondae, white haengjeon and black shoes. The low-ranking soldier's heopsu suggested that it could also be a sochangui. He carried a sword and a red lantern. Noeja were divided into a sinjeonsu and a jujangsu. The military uniform of the noeja was consisted of a Jujeolrip, a black heopsu, red gweja, indigo jeondae, white haengjeon, and black shoes. Sunryeongsu were divided into a sinsigisu and a younggisu. The military uniform of the sunryeongsu was consisted of a jeongeon, a black heopsu, red gweja, indigo jeondae white haengjeon and black shoes. He carried a sword and a red lantern. The military uniform of the daegisu was consisted of a jeongeon, a black heopsu, blue gweja, indigo jeondae, white haengjeon and black shoes. He carried a sword and a flag. The soldiers surrounding Seojangdae and the seongjeonggun defending the fortress were the Chogun. The military uniform of the chogun was consisted of a jeolrip, a black heopsu, houi, indigo jeondae, white haengjeon and straw shoes. Houi was applying the five directional colors: the east is blue, the west is white, the south is red, and the north is black. He carried a sword and a gun. It was presented as an illustration of costumes that could produce contents by reflecting on these historical results. The basic principle of the illustration was to present the standards for 3D content production or actual production. Samples of form, color, and material according to the times and status were presented. The front, the side, and the back of each costume and the feature were presented, and the colors were presented in RGB and CMYK.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.146-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify differences in the formative characteristics and system of Jobok by comparing the three relics Ui, Sang, and Daedae, which comprised Jeon-Sik's Jobok, with the data in the literature and five excavated Jobok relics, Sin Kyung-yu, Kwon-Woo, Hwasan-Gun, Milchang-Gun, and Lee Ik-jeong, from the 17th and 18th centuries. Jeon-Sik'sJobok was designated as a Gyeongbuk tangible cultural heritage, Sangju JeonSik Jobok and Crafts, in 2021. The three components of Jeon-Sik's Jobok are valuable as historical data since they are the oldest relics confirming colors. Regrettably, the edging fabric of the Ui made of red twill was mostly lost, with only traces remaining. Based on records, it was presumed that the edging fabric was black. It was confirmed that white decorative lines were yet to be used. In Jeon Sik's Sang, only the three front widths and one rear width remain, but the shape of the four rear widths can be inferred, and the creases were held only at the waist. Eighteenth-century Sang was connected at intervals at the end of the waist. Seventeenth-century Sang was connected with a slight overlapping of the rear Sang below the front Sang; therefore, it is assumed that Jeon Sik's Sang was also connected by overlapping the rear by more or less than 5cm below the front. After Hwasan-gun, the Sang was first made using black lines, then white lines were inserted, and, finally, it was pleated from the waist to the hem. The Daedae made the Yo and the Sin by folding the corners to form a 冂 shape with a single long band. The white Ju(紬) and the green yumunsa were used for the Daedae and the edges. This matches the color of the Daedae seen in the Jobok portraits of Milchang-gun, Lee Ik-jeong, and Jeong Hwi-ryang from the 18th century. In the 17th century, the Daedae made the Yo and the Sin by folding a long band like the Daedae of Jeon-Sik. After the 18th century, the Yo and the Sin were made separately and connected. To tie the Daedae to the waist, thin straps were attached at both ends. The relics of Jeon-Sik can be evaluated as reflecting the 17th-century Jobok system in terms of color and shape. Furthermore, it can be said that they are important historical data complementing the insufficient or inaccurate records of the Gukjoolyeui-seolye and Gyeongguk-daejeon.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.180-203
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• 2020

In this study, the period before the Gwanbok of meritorious vassals' portraits was expressed in the acheongsaek-Heuk-Danryung was defined as the first period, and the costumes worn in portraits of meritorious vassals from Gaeguk (1392) in the early Joseon Dynasty to Jwali (1471) during the era of King Seongjong were reviewed. The portraits(1476) of Jeokgae meritorious vassals (1467) depicted as the Gwanbok of acheongsaek Heuk-Danryung were excluded. Among the copies that are currently considered to be portraits of meritorious vassals belonging to the first period, the portraits of Lee-je, Lee Cheon-woo, Ma Cheon-mok, Shin Suk-ju, Seol Gye-jo, and Lee Sung-won were selected, and the formative characteristics of Gwanbok components were examined. The Samo of Sam-Gongsin in the early Joseon Dynasty had a low height, a rounded end, and the side wings were narrow and short. However, since King Danjong, Jeongnan·Jwali meritorious vassals retained a higher form, and the side wings were twice as long. It was also confirmed that the pattern was not expressed in the side wings. The Danryung was expressed in light-colored Danryung without specific colors at the beginning of the country. After King Sejong, the Heuk-Danryung system for Yebok began, but it was not reflected in the Gwanbok of meritorious vassals' portraits, and was expressed as damhongsaek-Danryung after King Danjong. The pattern was not expressed on the exterior of the Danryung, and inner-wrinkled Mu was expressed on the side line. The Dapho and Cheolrik, the undergarments of the Danryung, were also confirmed as being blue (the Dapho) and green (the Cheolrik) after the Jeongnan meritorious vassals. The early Sam-Gongsin's Pumgye was expressed by rank belt, but as the system of rank badge was established after King Danjong, it began to express the Pumgye by rank badge and rank belt. Among the portraits of meritorious vassals, the rank badge was expressed only in the portrait of Sin Suk-ju, a Jeongnan meritorious vassal. As Hwaja worn on the Danryung, Heuk-hwa were confirmed in the Sam-Gongsin portraits of the early Joseon Dynasty. However, in the portraits of Jeongnan and Jwali meritorious vassals after King Danjong, the Baek-hwa was confirmed. In addition, in the seam parts of the Heuk-hwa and Baek-hwa identified in some portraits of meritorious vassals, Hwi decorated with yeongeumsa were identified, and it was found that the Hwaja decorated with Hwi were the Hyeopgeum-hwa worn by the 3rd rank and above.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.869-879
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the Tecktonik culture and fashion, and to compare its features in Korea and France. Unlike prior studies which mainly dealt with subcultures in the U. S. and the U. K., this study paid attention to the condition of Korea. Tecktonik is a dance and music craze that originated in France in 2000, and spread worldwide via the Internet. The main features of Tecktonik fashion are slim fit, vivid colors, and high-top sneakers, which represent current fashion and culture trends, and express the feeling of Tecktonik music and dance. Compared to France, Korean Tecktonik fashion emphasizes sexual attraction of women with short skirt, while men are conservative about mohican hairstyle and dark make-up. In France, Tecktonik has become a sound social amusement, while in Korea it has been used for advertisements or entertainer's fashion style. The subcultural characteristics of Tecktonik were identified as playfulness, the active use of digital media, and high commercial value. In France where Tecktonik is for participating in a joyful dance, playfulness is prominent, and in Korea where Tecktonik acts as a visual entertainment, commercial value is outstanding. It has made differences in Tecktonik fashion of the two countries.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.85-96
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• 2007

In Korea, with a dramatic growth of Super Supermarket (SSM) in the wake of opening up the retail market and diversifying distribution, the consumer's purchase behavior about food and consumer goods changed. In order to investigate this change, this study was carried out through collecting and analyzing questionnaires from 190 men and women consumers at ages between twenties and sixties, living in Ulsan and Pusan. The result suggested that in overall features, men were mainly affected by design factors such as packaging design, color, and product design, whereas women were mainly affected by cost factors such as price and configuration. As for product properties, it was suggested that women put importance on the price concerning ail products, but men didn't. In addition, it was identified that women were impressed by advertisements on TV, and men and women both often purchased the product after confirming its information among the displayed products. Considering these results, we concluded that for a product whose main target is men in particular, the product development should focus on design. Moreover, as the packaging design and display affect on both men and women as important factors, hereafter a complementary study on the effects of the packaging design and display of manufacturers related to the products in this study is to be proceeded with greater interest.