• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.08a
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2010

In current knowledge-based society, various information and communication tools are used in educational fields. Especially web becomes the most popular tool. However, for the disabled, web accessibility is a still main problem to overcome. The purpose of this paper is to improve web accessibility of color blindness by analyzing the educational web sites. The three suggestions for this study are as follows. First, use accent colors other then red or orange. Second, add the black and white conversion feature function on the screen. Third, construct colors of video clips and flash files that are appropriate for people with color blindness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.951-954
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 웹문서에서의 색상 대비에 관한 것이다. 부분적 시각장애자, 노인 및 색각 이상자로 특정한 색의 조합을 인식하는 능력이 떨어지는 경향이 있다. 정상적인에게는 명확하게 대비되는 두 색상이 시각적 결합을 가진 자에게는 잘 구별되지 않을 수 있다. 전자 문서를 저작하는데 있어 색상에 대한 혼란을 줄이는 가장 중요한 방법은 색상의 대비를 이용하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 아리스, 클리스틴과 마이크로 소프트의 서로 다른 3가지 방식을 비교 분석하여 고찰한다.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.453-459
• /
• 2018

Purpose : This study was to investigate the change of accommodative functions by different color density and color of colored lenses. Methods : Participant had a normal NPC and no dyschromatopsia, phoria and eye disease, also had no histories of eye surgery in 31 students of university. Their accommodative functions were measured according to 50%, 80% density of the gray, blue, brown lens and non-colored lenses. Tests of accommodative functions performed include amplitude of accommodation, accommodative facility, relative accommodation, and accommodative lag. Results : The amplitude of accommodation and accommodation lag were increased when wearing the colored lens. Negative relative accommodation was more increased when wearing the colored lens than achromatic. Positive relative accommodation increased when wearing the blue color lens density by 50%. Also, accommodation facility increased when wearing the colored lens, but, as the density of the color increased, the accommodation facility was decreased. Conclusion : As since the accommodation function changes according to density of the colored lenses, working distance and environment of the wearing colored lens should be considered when selecting density and color of colored lenses.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2000

In order to color analyze of in Farnsworth Test Panel D-15 using a Protan, Deutan and Tritan test, we introduced the CIE system so that measured the reflectance light spectrum intensity in the 380~780 nm wavelength regions. The color difference of Panel D-15 was depended on the intensity of reflectance ratio in the 400~450 nm, 500~600 nm and more than 650 nm wavelength regions. From the reflectance spectra, we obtained the tristimulus X, Y, Z values, the $L^*a^*b^*$ and $L^*ab$ values of the 3-Dimension CIELAB system in a complement plane and light-darkness axis, the $U^*V^*$ values and the x, y values of chromaticity coordinates.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.21 no.3 s.61
• /
• pp.321-331
• /
• 2000

Multiple 15-hue tests were designed and implemented on a PC in the study so as to quickly and quantitatively evaluate color vision acuity. Difficulty of the test was control)ed by the value of CDBACC (color difference between adjacent color chips) calculated using a CIELAB formula. The multiple 15-hue tests consist of eight of the hue tests (test 3-10) and three of the basic color (red, green, blue) tests (test 11-13). The 15 colors used for the hue tests were specified by the 15 color coordinates that were located at a constant distance (d = 2. 3. 5. 7, 10, 20, 30. 40) from white reference in the CIE chromaticity coordinate system and were separated by a constant color difference (CDBACC = 0.75, 1.1, 1.8. 2.5. 3.5. 7.5. 11, 14) from the adjacent chips. The color coordinates for the 15 chips for the basic color tests were the same as those of the 15 points spaced equally by a constant color difference (6.87 for the green color test. 7.27 for the red color test, 7.86 for the blue color test) from the white reference along the axis of red, green and blue. Thirty normal subjects who were not color blind were taken to undergo the multiple 15-hue tests. It was observed that most of the subjects correctly arranged color chips for the tests with CDBACC greater than 5, whereas no one correctly answered for those with CDBACC less than 2. Rapid changes in the number of the subjects correctly arranged took place when CDBACC of the tests was between 2 and 4.5. In the basic color tests, unlike the hue tests having similar values of CDBACC, it was seen that the subjects arranged color chips even less correctly. It was found that JNCD (just noticeable color difference) - a measure of color vision acuity was about 3 in average for the subjects. The JNCD was chosen as the value of the CDBACC of the test for which about $50\%$ of the subjects failed to successfully arrange color chips. ERCCA (error rate of color chips arrangement) for the test with CDBACC the same as the JNCD was shown to be about $20\%$. It is expected that the multi 15-hue tests implemented on a PC in the study will be an economical tool to quickly and quantitatively evaluate color vision acuity and, accordingly, the tests can be used for early diagnosis to massive potential patients suffering from diseases (ex. diabetes, glaucoma) which may induce changes in color vision acuity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.279-284
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study will be a basic research providing data which can reduce eye strain using monitor and electric media by measuring legibility of text color on monitor. Methods: Total experimental subjects who don't have color anomaly and best corrected visual acuity was over 1.0 were 50 and their mean age was $22.83{\pm}1.47$. Reading speed test were carried out with 163 words and subjects who could read over 123 words were selected for legibility examination. Monitor background color was white and letter colors were black, blue, red, and yellow for the legibility examination. Results: In case of text color of black, blue, red, and yellow, Event duration(sec) was measured to 41.89, 42.89, 45.32, and 56.28, respevtively, and reading error (number) was measured to 1.94, 2.74, 3.36, and 5.14. Average of fixation duration(sec) was measured to 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, and 0.32. Conclusions: In this paper, event Duration, reading error and average of fixation duration which can measure the legibility was reduced in a sequence of black blue, red, and yellow.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.50-57
• /
• 2002

This paper has been studied the adaptation technique for color vision variations in the MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA). As color is more widely used to carry visual information in the multimedia content, ability to perceive color plays a crucial role in getting visual information. DIA is performed respectively for severe color vision deficiency (dichromats) and for mild color vision deficiency (anomalous trichromats), according to the description of user characteristics about color vision variations. Adapted images are tested by simulation program for color vision variations so as to recognize the appearance of the adapted images in the color deficient vision. Experimental result shows that proposed adaptation technique works well in the MPEG-21 framework.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2011.06a
• /
• pp.179-182
• /
• 2011

본 논문의 정보소외계층 위한 웹 접근성 기법에 관한 연구에서는 웹 접근성(web accessibility)의 세부항목을 준수하는 웹사이트를 구축하여 신체적 장애를 가진 사람이 일반 사람과 동일하게 웹사이트를 편리하고 쉽게 이용할 수 있게 구현하고 운영하였다. 웹 사이트가 웹 접근성 규칙을 준수하여 올바르게 설계되어 개발되고 편집되어 있을 때 모든 사용자들은 정보와 기능에 동등하게 접근할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 실험 사이트로 구축하며 준수한 웹 접근성은 시각에 대하여 실명, 색각 이상, 다양한 형태의 저 시력을 포함한 시각 장애와 이동성에 대하여는 파킨슨병, 근육병, 뇌성마비, 뇌졸중과 같은 조건으로 인한 근육 속도 저하, 근육 제어 손실로 말미암아 손을 쓰기 어렵거나 쓸 수 없는 상태와 청각에 대하여는 귀머거리, 청각 장애와 발작에 대하여는 깜박이는 효과나 시각적인 스트로보스코프를 통해 일어나는 간질성 발작과 인지능력에 대하여는 문제 해결과 논리 능력, 집중력, 기억력에 문제가 있는 정신 지체 및 발달 장애, 학습 장애 (난독증, 난산증 등)에 대한 지침 규정이다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.513-518
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study was to investigate color distortion by colors and luminous transmittance of lenses with word-color test included in computerized neurocognitive function test (CNT). Methods: 32 subjects aged $21.97{\pm}1.58$ years with no ocular disease and color vision deficiency were selected. Four colors of tinted lenses, which were red, green and blue included in the primary colors of light and pink, and word-color test in CNT to evaluate changes in cognitive function by color distortion were used. Results: Response time was not significantly increased in green, blue, and pink among four colors, but significantly increased in only red color. And response time was significantly increased below 46% of luminous transmittance in red color. Conclusions: It should be cautious and careful of the red-tinted lens choice because red color with below 46% of luminous transmittance can distort colors of objects, and it could be related to safety problem. It is suggested that word-color test could be extensively used for further studies on color recognition.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 1999

Screening of strabismus was followed in 1306 healthy elementary school students from 8 to 13 years old. The cover-uncover test with M1N GLASSES was used to screen strabismus for all of students and then we examined abnormal students by the prism cover test. Finally 16 students were strabismus. So the cover-uncover test with MIN GLASSES was a good method to screen strabismus because of easy and simple testing. The number of strabismus was 16 patients who consisted in from 10 to 13 years old, and girls(2.4%) was 3 times more than boys(0.9%). The type of 16 strabismus was only heterophoria which consisted in 8 patients of exophoria, 7 patients of esophoria and 1 patient of hyperphoria. So the rate of exophoria and esophoria was almost same. 3 patients was ametropic amblyopia by testing visual acuity, and all of patients were normal color vision by color testing.