• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2019

This study seeks into an education goal and an achievement level based on investigating relationships between NCS communication abilities and communication educations for petty officer major students. Also, the study looks deep into approriate Integrated document training materials. A goal of the petty officer's communication education, which is supposed to achieve more than the average standard is improving abilities to understand documents and create documents related to the real petty officer's life. The goal of this communication study is designed with considering the petty officers' ability factors and the detailed weekly achievement goals based on characteristics of petty officers. the proper way to reach the goal of the Integrated document training materials is constructed as three step process; Presenting subject - group activity - handing in final activity report. Also, the education is designed to write evaluation forms continuously for students to keep eyes on their achievement levels. As the importance of NCS is emphasized these days, the Integrated document training materials present the ways how this education is needed to go on, and this shows ways to improve students' document writing abilities. For the last, the study mentions a proposal for further tasks on this field.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.3-12
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• 2020

Although the related regulations or guidelines are not specified in the defense weapon system R&D process, R&D authorities frequently encounter problems that require rational decision-making. If the rational process is not applied in the matter of alternative choice, the project could be disrupted, which can result in longer project periods or more resource provision. In particular, a variety of decision-making methods are needed for test&evaluation of missile R&D. The issue of selecting a test site is one of the representative decision-making problems. If it is needed to determine the priority of multiple sites, Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) will be applied. However, if the input of cost is to be considered, Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) is more valuable to solve the problem. This paper proposes a solution to handle quantitatively various decision-making problems that can occur in missile flight test, and shows how DEA is applied through a simulated case study of selecting a foreign test site.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.626-635
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• 2009

The purposes of the study were to identify a comprehensive competency list related to the jobs of nutrition teachers and to compare the competency needs for nutrition teachers and dieticians' competency levels. Job functional areas and a competency list for nutrition teachers were developed based on a review of literature and revised through expert panel reviews. A total of 53 competency statements associated with 11 job functional areas were specified. Questionnaires were distributed to 457 dieticians engaged in school food service and 148 responses were returned (response rate: 32.4%). Excluding incomplete responses, 142 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Approximately half of the respondents were enrolled in an 1-year nutrition teacher certificate program, 25% in a graduate school of nutrition education, and 19% had completed an 1-year nutrition teacher certificate program. The dieticians highly rated requirements of the competencies related to sanitation and employee safety, nutrition counseling, nutrition education, and teaching practices; in contrary, their competency levels for nutrition education, nutrition counseling, and teaching practices were low. Respondents' competency levels were significantly lower than the required competency levels of effective nutrition teachers in all functional areas. A quadratic analysis based on the requirement and self-evaluation of the competencies revealed that priorities of education programs targeting school nutrition teachers or students preparing to be nutrition teachers should be placed on improving competencies related to nutrition education, nutrition counseling, teaching practices, sanitation and employee safety, menu management, and human resource management. These results can be used to develop curriculum materials for basic and continuing professional education for nutrition teachers. It is necessary to review and update competencies regularly to reflect environmental changes in school food service programs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.73-73
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• 2019

지구 표면의 약 2%에 해당하는 담수에서 육상계 전체가 흡수하는 탄소의 50%가 배출되며, 이는 토양표면에서 배출되는 탄소량에 비해 더 큰 수치로 전 지구적 탄소순환 해석에 중요한 역할을 한다. 특히, 내륙수역과 대기의 경계면에서 $CO_2$ 이동은 전 지구적 탄소순환의 중요한 구성요소로 평가되고 있다. 호수와 저수지 같은 담수 저류시설은 육상에서 기인한 탄소의 운송 및 처리 역할을 한다. 하지만, 저수지에서 온실가스배출량을 평가할 수 있는 명확한 방법론이 부족하며, 전지구 규모 GHGs배출량에 대한 추정에 대한 불확실성이 상당히 큰 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 몬순기후대에 위치한 인공저수지를 대상으로 보다 신뢰도있는 온실가스 배출량 추정을 위해 $CO_2$ NAF 산정하고, 산정에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 분석 하였다. 분석을 위해 $CO_2$ NAF 산정에 필요한 수리 및 수질 인자들을 2017년부터 2018년까지 수집하고, 기초통계량 및 상관분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 주성분분석(PCA) 및 다중선형회귀모델(MLR)과 랜덤포레스트(RF) 기법을 사용해 변수 중요도를 평가하였으며, $CO_2$ NAF 산정 주요인자인 기체교환 계수를 경험적 모델 3종(Cole and Caraco, Crusius, Vachon), 표면갱신형 모델 4종(Heiskanen, Maclntyre, Read, Soloviev)을 비교, 검토하였다. 조사기간 동안 기체교환계수 산정 결과 Crusius 모델 예측값이 평균 $0.342(0.047{\sim}4.323)cm\;hr^{-1}$으로 검토한 모델중 가장 낮은 평균값을 보였으며, Heiskane 모델이 $2.135(0.337{\sim}5.152)cm\;hr^{-1}$으로 가장 큰 평균값을 보였다. 대상 수체는 연주기로 완전혼합되며 수온성층이 약화되는 시기에 저수지 표층 아래에 축적된 탄소가 표층으로 전달되어 높은 수준의 p$CO_2$를 보이며, 수표면에 큰 난류 강도가 작용하는 기간에 대기중으로 배출(pulse emission) 기작이 나타난다. NAF 산정결과 경험적 모델의 NAF값($-1246.0{\sim}6510.3mg-CO_2m^{-2}day^{-1}$)은 표면갱신형 모델 NAF값($-1436.1{\sim}8485.7mg-CO_2m^{-2}day^{-1}$)보다 낮은 수준을 보였으며, 풍속의 함수만을 이용하는 경험적 모델보다 부력 플럭스와 난류 혼합의 영향을 고려하는 Macintyre, Heiskanen모델이 성층 저수지의 $CO_2$ NAF 산정에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. $CO_2$ NAF 산정의 주요인자로 MLR모델은 Tw, EC, pH, Chla, TOC, Alk, RF모델은 EC, DO, TOC가 중요 변수로 평가되었다. PCA 분석결과, 수온이 낮고 성층이 약화되며 pH가 낮은 상태에서 NAF가 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.191-208
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• 2018

This paper focuses on the integration aspect of operators to determine an improvement strategy for the operating system to enhance competitiveness of Busan Port. This Study proposes the following alternatives: valuation standards for the integration of operators, the road map for the integration period, the scope and role setting of integrated operators' participation of Busan Port Authority(BPA), and the separation and linkage North Port and the New Port operators. First, the valuation standards for operator integration should be based on international standards. Additionally quantitative factors such as financial situation, business performance and participating companies' profitability, and the qualitative factors such as management ability, technology, and labor relations should be considered. Second, the timing of North Port's operator integration should be prioritized in the short term in conjunction with the commencement of its phase 2-4, 2-5, and 2-6. The integration of New Port operators should provide a road map for a relatively long-term perspective. Third, the participation of BPA' integrated operators should be considered in terms of publicity as a policy coordinator between terminals and by pursuing the profitability of entering into overseas business by fostering Korean global terminal operators. The scope and role of participation ensures that the experience and technology of the terminal operation business is maximized. Fourth, because physically intergrating the North Port' operator into a single corporate form is difficult, initially establishing a special purpose company to maximize the effect of the integrated operation is necessary. Then, the operators decided to convert to a holding company given the termination of the lease term contract with the State or BPA, and ultimately proposed a merger into a single corporation.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.7-14
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• 2019

The compacted bentonite buffer is one of the major components of an engineered barrier system (EBS) for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), and it is considered the best candidate for the buffer material. The buffer is located between disposal canisters and near-field rock mass, and it interrupts the release of radionuclide from disposal canisters and protect them from the penetration of groundwater. At initial disposal condition, degree of saturation of the compacted bentonite buffer decreases because of high thermal quantities released from the disposal canisters. However, the degree of saturation of the compacted bentonite buffer gradually increases caused by inflow of groundwater. The saturated and unsaturated behavior of the buffer is a very important input data since it can determine the safety performance of EBS. Therefore, this paper investigated water retention capacity (WRC) for the Korean compacted bentonite buffer. The WRC of the compacted bentonite buffer was derived by measuring volumetric water content and water suction when temperature variation was between 24℃~125℃ considering decrease of degree of saturation with respect to temperature increase. The WRC was also derived with the same volumetric water content under the room temperature condition, and it showed 1~15% larger water suction than high temperature condition.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.582-598
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• 2000

There are many bioethical issues in line with the rapid advance of biology. In this situation, it is important for students to make a rational decision on value problem. In this study 'value inquiry in biology education' is defined as 'the process of rational value judgement and wise decision-making in the biology-related value problem' and the model was developed. To develop the model, value inquiry models were reviewed. Value clarification model is helpful for the formation of the personal value as the process of individual value inquiry, but it isn't helpful for clarifying the value conflicts. Value analysis model focuses on the rational solution of value problem through the logical procedure. But it has the limitations that overemphasizing the logical and systematic aspects results in devaluating students' affective aspects. So it is necessary to coordinate psychological and logical aspects of value inquiry. In this regard, the model was developed, including identifying and clarifying value problem, understanding biological knowledge related to conflict situation, considering on the related persons, searching for alternatives, predicting the consequences of each alternative, selecting the alternative, evaluating the alternative, and final value judgement and affirming it. The educational objectives of value inquiry were selected in consideration of the ability to carry out the steps of the developed model. And the selected contents were animal duplication, test-tube baby, genetic engineering, growth hormone injection problem, brain death, organ transplant, animal to be experimented and were organized on the basis of the 6th and the 7th science curriculum. And the suitable instructional models for the value inquiry education were selected: bioethical value clarification decision-making model, group presentation according to the value analysis model, role play and debate, and discussion through web forum. And the interview was considered to be suitable to evaluate the students' value inquiry ability and the rubric was made to evaluate the attainment of the educational objectives for value inquiry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.471-478
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• 2020

This study aimed to suggest implications for the future development of agricultural R&D through a priority analysis of excellent agricultural R&D performance considering productivity, marketability, and effects on region, which are important factors of agricultural R&D evaluation. The subjects of analysis were R&D of Rural Development Administration (RDA), which was selected as national R&D excellent Performance from 2006 to 2018, and the priority was analyzed using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results are as follows. First, the relative importance of the criteria decreased in the order of marketability(0.423) > regional impact(0.360) > productivity(0.216). Second, as a result of analyzing the relative importance of the sub-criteria, the possibility of commercialization(0.515) was high in the category of marketability. The possibility of technology expansion(0.538) was high in the category of effects on region and the quality improvement(0.464) was high in the category of productivity. Third, the excellent agricultural R&D performance that had high relative importance was the technologies associated with improving the agricultural competitiveness of horticultural crops.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-81
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• 2012

Constructing attractive bundle offers depends on more than an understanding of the distribution of consumer preferences. Consumers are also sensitive to the framing of price information in a bundle offer. In classical economic theory, consumers' utility should not change as long as the total price paid stays same. However, even when total prices are identical, consumers' preferences toward a bundle product could be different depending on the format of price presentation and the locus of price discount. A weighted additive model predicts that the impact of a price discount on the overall evaluation of the bundle will be greater when the discount is assigned to the more important product in the bundle(Yadav 1995). Meanwhile, a reference dependent model asserts that it is better to assign a price discount to a tie-in component that has a negative valuation at its current offer price than to a focal product that has a positive valuation at its current offer price(Janiszewski and Cunha 2004). This paper has expanded previous research regarding price discount presentation format, investigating the reasons for mixed results of prior research and presenting new mechanisms for price discount framing effect. Prior research has hypothesized that bundling is used to sell a tie-in component with an offer price above the consumer's reference price plus a focal product of the same offer price with reference price(e.g., Janiszewski and Cunha 2004). However, this study suggests that bundling strategy can be used for increasing product's attractiveness through the synergy between components even when offer prices of bundle components are the same with reference prices. In this context, this study employed various realistic bundle sets with same price between offer price and reference price in the experiment. Hamilton and Srivastava(2008) demonstrated that when evaluating different partitions of the same total price, consumers prefer partitions in which the price of the high-benefit component is higher. This study determined that their mechanism can be applied to price discount presentation formats. This study hypothesized that price discount framing effect depends not on the negative perception of tie-in component with offer price above reference price but rather on the consumers' perceived consumption benefit in bundle product. This research also hypothesized that preference for low-benefit discount mechanism is that perceived consumption benefit reduces price sensitivity. Furthermore, this study investigated how consumers' concern for quality in a price discount--a factor not considered in previous research--influences price discount framing. Yadav(1995)'s experiment used only one magazine bundle of relatively low quality uncertainty and could not show the influence of perceived uncertainty of quality. This study assumed that as perceived uncertainty of quality increases, the price sensitivity mechanism for assigning the discount to low-benefit will increase. Further, this research investigated the moderating effect of uncertainty of quality in price discount framing. The results of the experiment showed that when evaluating different partitions of the same total price and the same amount of discounts, the partition that discounts in the price of low benefit component is preferred to the partition that decreases the price of high benefit component. This implies that price discount framing effect depends on the perceived consumption benefit. The results also demonstrated that consumers are more price sensitive to low benefit component and less price sensitive to high benefit component. Furthermore, the results showed that the influence of price discount presentation format on the evaluation of bundle product varies with the perceived uncertainty of quality in high consumption benefit. As perceived uncertainty of quality gradually increases, the preference for discounts in the price of low consumption benefit decreases. Besides, the results demonstrate that as perceived uncertainty of quality gradually increases, the effect of price sensitivity in consumption benefit also increases. This paper integrated prior research by using a new mechanism of perceived consumption benefit and moderating effect of perceived quality uncertainty, thus providing a clearer explanation for price discount framing effect.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.315-338
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• 2011

A "high-potential employee" is an employee who has been identified as having the potential, ability and aspiration for successive leadership positions within the company and identify employees who have the greatest future potential and make them future-ready to take your organization to success. The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships of corporate performance on the high potential employee system using the samples from HCCP panel data. This study seeks to identify a significant high potential employee system though empirical research as well. Results of empirical study are summarized. Finally suggestions, implications and limitations of the present study are also discussed. In this article, we explore the role of competitive strategy and technological environment in the introduction of high-potential employees and its link to impact of these performance.