• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.84-89
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• 1983

This study was attempted to find out the most effective period and dosage for IBP granules application to control rice blast, especially neck blast. The results obtained from the study are as follows; The most effective application period was about 15-20 days before heading. The most effective dosage was 4kg per 10a. The most effective control on rice blast was obtained when 4kg per 10a of IBP granules was applied about 15 to 20 days before heading. Therefore it should be emphasized that application period and dosage should be considered together, when applied by farmers. However, it may be necessary to apply chemicals at least one or two times before or after rice heading, since applications of IBP Ec. in July and IBP granules in August may not be enough to control rice blast completely.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.4-9
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• 1962

(1) acacia 맹아(萠芽) 억제(抑制)에 대(對)한 2,4-D 살포(撒布)의 효과(効果)에 관여(關與)되는 조건(條件)을 시험(試驗)한바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. a. 2,4-D 농도(濃度)${\cdots}{\cdots}{\cdots}$ 3,4,5 두식(斗式)의 범위에서는 3 두식(斗式) 최고농도(最高濃度)의 효과(効果)가 가장 크다. b. 살포시기(撒布時期) 5월(月) 상순(上旬)부터 7월(月) 하순(下旬)까지 순별(旬別) 시기(時期)를 분할(分割)하여 시험(試驗)한 즉 후기(後期)로 갈수록 효과(効果)가 컸다. c. 살포시간(撒布時間) 오전(午前) 10시(時), 오후(午後) 1시(時) 오후(午後) 4시(時) 중(中)에서 오후(午後) 1시(時) 가장 효과적(効果的)이었고 오전(午前) 10시(時) 가장 효과(効果)가 적었다. d. 살포(撒布) 계속년(年) 및 살포(撒布) 회수(回數) 계속 살포(撒布)할수록 효과(効果)는 누진적(累進的)이었다. (2) 다음과 같은 2,4-D 처리(處理)로 acacia 맹아(萠芽)는 억제(抑制) 됨을 알았다. a. 3두식(斗式) 농도(濃度)로 7월(月) 상순(上旬)~7월(月) 하순(下旬) 1년(年) 1차(次)씩 (1차(次)는 3일(日) 3회(回)) 계속 살포 3년간(年間)계속 살포(撒布). b. 3두식(斗式)로 오후(午後) 1시(時)에 5월(月) 상순(上旬)부터 1순(旬) 3회(回)씩 7월(月)까지 계속 살포(撒布).

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Optimal spray time, interval and number of preventive fungicides against fruit rots of kiwifruit were investigated at the orchard which both green kiwifruit cultivar 'Hayward' and gold kiwifruit cultivar 'Hort16A' are cultivating side by side during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons in Jeju island, Korea. The highest control efficiency was obtained from benomyl WP and followed by thiophanate-methyl WP and carbendazim+diethofencarb WP. The control efficacies of the fungicides were much higher when applied onto the kiwifruit canopy after the flowering time than before the flowering time but thereafter their control efficiencies were decreased drastically according to delays of spray timing. With increasing spray numbers of the fungicides, the control efficacy increased. However, optimal spray time, interval and number of the preventive fungicides for the effective control of fruit rots of kiwifruit were determined as 4 time-spray schedule with 2-week-interval just after the flowering time on both 'Hayward' and 'Hort16A' cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 1982

Effect of the application time on the persistence of IBP and isoprothiolane in rice plant was studied in the field and effects of the water depth and soil texture on their persistence were also tested as a pot experiment. When granules were applied to the rice paddy water, two fungicides were readily absorbed through the root system and rapidly translocated to the upper parts of the plant. The concentrations of two fungicides in rice plant reached to the maximum within 24 hr regardless of the application time. When applied at the maximum tillering stage, the persistence pattern of two fungicides in plant showed similar trends; that is, residue levels of two compounds declined rapidly upto 7 days after application but more slowly thereafter. When applied at the heading stage, the persistence pattern of IBP in plant was similar to the maximum tillering stage while isoprothilane was quite different; 3 ppm reached on 3rd days after application was maintained almost constant for further 25 days. There was no effect of the water depth on the persistence of two compounds in plant and IBP concentration in plant was also not affected by soil texture. However, isoprothiolane in plant was higher in sandy loam than in loam and clay loam. Isoprothiolane residues in plant were much higher than those of IBP.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.102-109
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• 2012

Commercial formulation of fungicides was studied in the golf course for evaluation against Typhula incarnata causal agents of gray snow mold. Efficacies of fungicides application, fungicide mixture, fungicides applied method (irrigation and spray) and fungicides applied time (early fall and late fall) were evaluated for their influence on the chemical control of gray snow mold of turfgrass during the winter season in Yongpyeong golf course, Korea. Unsprayed control has significantly more disease severity than three fungicides (azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and tebuconazole) were applied to field plots. Effect of three fungicides was over 80% with control value for controlling gray snow mold on Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass species. Effect of fungicide mixture with different family groups had an over 93% control value of gray snow mold on Kentucky bluegrass species. It was not significantly difference in fungicidal effect according to applied method (irrigation and spray) with azoxystrobin on Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentrasss species. Effect of fungicides applied time was a significantly difference on disease control by tebconazole early fall spray.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.4 s.161
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• pp.277-280
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• 2005

In order to prevent chestnuts from damage by the peach pyralid moth, Dichocrosis punctiferalis, a sprinkler system was installed on the chestnut orchard. Such a test was conducted at Yeoju-gun, Gyeonggi-do, Korea in 2002. Insecticides of fenitrothion 50% EC, x1,000 and diflubenzuron 25% Wp, x2,500 were sprayed at ten-day fifteen-day and twenty-day intervals during the period of D. punctiferalis adult occurrence by sprinkler system. The peach pyralid moths generally emerged for about 60 days from early July to early September, and peak emergence was 10 days from late July to early August. Damage rate of chestnuts were 0.9-4.0% on average with this crown insecticide spraying with diflubenzuron, while 30.4% when not treated. Control effectiveness of this insecticide spraying was 92%(86.7-97.0%). In conclusion, effectual times and number of insecticide application with sprinkle system against peach pyralid moth were from early July to late August and four or five times at ten or fifteen day intervals, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.89-92
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• 1982

Persistence of cyanofenphos on Chinese cabbage under the different climate conditions was studied by spraying the insecticide at the rate of 0.5 and 0.75 ㎏ AI/ha at 22 and 36 days after transplanting and monitoring its residues upto 35 days after the final spray. At both spraying rates the degradation patterns of the insecticide, regardless of climate condition, showed similar trends; cyanofenphos residues on Chinese cabbage declined rapidly upto 14 days after the final spray but more slowly thereafter. Half-life for cyanofenphos on Chinese cabbage was $6{\sim}7$ days. The half-life was little affected by the spraying rate and time. Based on the FAO/WHO maximum residue limit of cyanofenphos on common cabbage (2 ppm), it is recommended that the pre-harvest intervels of the insecticide on Chinese cabbage could be 16 and 19 days for 0.5 and 0.75 ㎏ AI/ha, respectively.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2007

To find out the effect of the spat planting time and environmental factors in the arkshell, Scapharca broughtonii (Schrenck), we investigated the growth, survival rate of arkshell and habitat characteristics in Gamak Bay, Yeoja Bay and Saryang Island. We planted artificial spats of arkshell in Gamak Bay and Yeoja Bay at November 2004, and also planted domestic and Chinese natural spats in Saryang Island at March 2005. We measured growth, survival rate of arkshell, physiochemical parameters of the water mass (water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and chlorophyll a) and characteristics of the sediment (oxygen penetration depth, oxygen microprofiles, ignition loss and chemical oxygen demand) by monthly. The cumulative survival ratio of arkshell in Gamak Bay was the highest at December, whereas the ratio of arkshell in Yeoja Bay was recorded as 0% at October. The monthly growth rates of arkshell length in Gamak Bay and Yeoja Bay were the highest in May and the growth rate of the Korean arkshell in Saryang Island was higher than Chinese ones significantly. The high mortality (> 65%) of the arkshell in Yeoja Bay during summer probably caused by high water temperature, inflow of low salinity water, and low dissolved oxygen concentration in sediment. The concentrations of nutrient and sediment COD were considered to play an important role in the monthly survival ratio of arkshell in Gamak Bay and Sarayng Island. We suggest that the growth and mortality of arkshell might be influenced to the planting time of spat and the habitat characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

식물생장조절제(Plant Growth Regulators, PGRs)를 이용한 예초관리 방법이 들잔디 엽색 및 품 질에 미치는 영향을 규명함으로 잔디 적응력 관점에서 적합한 PGR 종류 및 살포수준을 파 악하고자 본 연구를 시작하였다. 실험은 들잔디 생육이 왕성한 시기인 6월(실험 I)과 7월(실험 II) 2회에 걸쳐 각각 다른 장소에서 실시하였다. 공시약제 처리구는 Type I PGR인 amidochlor 3 수준 및 mefluidide 3 수준 과 Type II PGR인 trinexapacethyl 4 수준, 그리고 무처리구를 포함하여 전체 11 처리구였 고, 실험구 배 치는 난괴법 4 반복으로 하였다. 공시한 3종류 PGR 모두 잔디엽색 및 품질에 통계적으로 유의한 차이 가 있었지만, PGR 종류.살포수준 및 생육 상태에 따라 처리효과는 다르게 나타났다. 잔디 엽색 및 품질 은 PGR 살포후 경과기간에 따라 점진적으로 억제되는 경향이었다. 처리 1주후 잔디품질은 대조구에 비 해 큰 차이가 없었지만, 2주에서 4주까지는 PGR 종류 및 살포수준에 따라 유의하게 감소하 여 0.08 ml/ $m^2$ 이상의 trinexapac-ethyl 처리구 및 1.20 ml/$m^2$ 이상의 mefluidide 처리구에서는 가장 크 게 나타났다. 처리 4주부터 대부분 처리구에서 잔디품질이 적정수준 이상으로 회복되기 시작하였다. 본 실험을 통해 잔디관리 수준에서 저관리 잔디지역은 0.08 ml/$m^2$ 수준의 trinexapac-ethyl 처리구가 장기간 생장억제 관점에서 실용성과 경제성 측면에서 들잔디 관리에 효율적인 것으로 판단되었고, 고관리 잔 디지역은 0.04~0.08ml/$m^2$ 수준의 trinexapac-ethyl 처리구 및 0.60~1.20 ml/$m^2$ 수준의 amidochlor 처 리구가 적합 한 것으로 판단되었지만, 계절에 따라 PGR 효과정도가 다르게 나타났다. 따라서, 잔디 관리 시 잔디의 생육상태, 예초 절감 기간, 잔디품질의 기대수준 및 적용할 수 있는 관리수준에 따라 적합한 PGR 종류 선정과 함께 살포시기 및 살포량을 효율적으로 결정하는 것이 필요한 것으로 사료되었다.

• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 1986

''2종 또는 그 이상의 작용특성이 상이한 약제의 혼합제제는 작물의 재배기간중 동시에 발생하는 병해충을 효율적으로 방제할 수 있고 저항성해충에 대한 안전방제, 방제시기 일실에 의한 피해의 최소화가 가능하며 살포회수를 줄여 노동력을 절감할 수 있고 단위면적당 살포주성분량 절감으로 농약가격을 낮출수 있다 ''