• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.261-265
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• 2006

가. 젖소분을 이용하여 관행사육과 상자사육방식을 비교한 결과 단위면적당 3,000g(15${\times}$15${\times}$30,cm)으로 관행방식과 차이가 없었다. 나. 지렁이의 수직분포는 15cm이상에 대부분 분포하고 있었으나 관행방식은 0 ${\sim}$ 10cm에서 고르게 분포되어 있었으나 상자사육에서는 0 ${\sim}$ 5cm에 70%이상이 분포되어 기계화 채취에 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. 다. 분변토 분리 및 배출시험을 위하여 로드셀을 켈리브레이션 하였으며 이때 출력전압(v)과 중량과의 회귀관계는 Y = 0.004X + 1.0995로 나타났다. 라. 분변토 분리 및 배출 시험을 한 결과 축분처리상자를 개량전에는 분리 및 배출장치의 압축력이 평균 1.2kg/cm$^{2}$, 1.4kg/cm$^{2}$로 나타났으며 축분처리상자의 배출구를 1cm 높이고 폭을 10cm 줄여 개량후 배출장치의 압축력이 평균 0.6kg/cm$^{2}$, 0.5kg/cm$^{2}$로 압축력을 50%, 64%절감 시킬 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2005

Population dynamics in the vermicomposting bed was investigated. And harvesting efficiencies of earthworm attracting traps with different attractants, mesh sizes of net and covering materials was evaluated. Peak density of earthworm population was $5kg/m^2$ and therafter its desity kept $4.4{\sim}5.0kg/m^2$. It was evaluated that suitable mesh size of the net was 7mm and proper covering materials of the earthworm attracting trap was cotton quilt. The earthworm harvesting efficiency of trap with attractant was much higher than that of trap without attractant. With more amount of attractant in the trap and with longer setting period of trap onto the vermicomposting bed, the earthworm attracting trap harvested more earthworms. Crushed pear-peel attracted much more earthworms than paper mill sludge, but it was difficult to supply enough amount of crushed pear-peel for practical need. Sugar solution(10%) with tab water was proven to be an alternative to crushed pear-peel because its attracting effect on earthworm was as high as crushed pear-peel and it was easy to prepare and supply in large quantity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1998.12a
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• pp.42-48
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• 1998

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2011

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.102-102
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• 2003

황복(Takifugus obscurus)은 주로 황해에 분포하며 봄철에 서해안으로 흐르는 금강, 한강 및 임진강으로 소상하여 강의 중상류에서 산란하는 소하성어류이다. 특히 황복은 바다와 하천을 오고 가는 관계로 해수뿐만 아니라 민물에서도 양식이 가능한 어종으로 다른 소하성어류와 마찬가지로 염분변화에 따른 삼투조절능력이 매우 우수할 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구는 황복이 급격히 염분을 달리하였을 때 나타나는 생리적 반응을 산소소비량과 암모니아 질소배설량의 변화로 염분변화에 따른 생리적 적응력을 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용한 황복은 전장 10cm(체중 15~25g) 전후의 치어로서 염분 32, 22, 12, 및 2 ppt로 조절되어 있는 FRP수조(500 L)에서 2개월간 사육 후, 각기 염분을 달리한(32, 22, 12, 2 ppt) 호흡측정 장치에 황복을 수용하여 산소소비량과 암모니아 질소배설량을 측정하였다. 한편, 사육 시스템내에서의 산소소비와 암모니아 질소의 배설경향을 보기 위하여 염분 16ppt에서 산소소비량과 암모니아 질소배설량을 25시간 관찰하였다. 산소소비 경향은 대체로 염분이 낮을수록 높은 산소소비 경향을 보였는데, 실험염분 32ppt에서는 2~32ppt 사육군 모두 다른 실험염분(22, 12, 2 ppt) 사육군보다 안정되고 낮은 산소소비량을 나타내었다. 그리고 실험염분 22, 12 및 2 ppt에서는 각기 실험염분과 동일한 염분 사육군에서 가장 높은 산소소비량을 나타낸 반면 32 ppt 사육군은 모든 실험염분에서 가장 낮은 산소소비량을 나타내었다. 암모니아 질소의 배설경향은 실험염분 2 ppt를 제외하고는 2 ppt 사육군에서 가장 높은 질소 배설율을 보였으나, 실험염분 2 ppt에서는 오히려 현저히 낮은 암모니아 질소 배설율을 나타내었다. 저 염분(2, 12 ppt)에서 사육한 황복은 22 및 32 ppt에서 사육된 황복에 비해 저염분에 노출될 경우 삼투조절을 위해 암모니아 배설에 상당한 차이를 보였다. 사육 시스템내에서 조사된 산소소비와 암모니아 질소 배설경향은 섭이와 관련하여 일간리듬을 보였는데, 산소소비는 섭이 3시간 후에 최고를 보였으며 암모니아 질소 배설은 섭이 4시간 후에 각각 최고를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 2006

These experiments were executed to develop an effective rearing or collecting equipments for silkworm excreta. The rearing devices were an assembly one equipped with wheels, and its weight was reduced so that the convenience was improved. In the amount of collecting silkworm according to the size of mess, the size of 7.0*7.0 mm had 36% more than the size of 5.0*5.0 mm. However, the falling silkworm had a little (0.3%) occurred for the period of rearing the 5day-silkworm. The amount of collecting silkworm excreta using the devised collecting equipment was 19.7 kg per box at the two-floored rearing boxes. In the budget of labor hour, the devised collecting equipment have reduced the labor of traditional handy work to 65% and the productivity of labor (kg/hour) was increased to 55%. The cost of production was also decreased to 35.9%.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 1977

Rainbow trout were reared in a small indoor aquarium which was equipped with a simple recirculating biofilter combined with a small amount of inflowing water for 199 days from April 25 to November 10, 1977 in Busan where very hot summer air temperature is encountered, and results obtained were promissing as following; 1. The aquarium has dimensions of $1m\;\times\;1m\;\times\;67cm(depth)$, and a bottom center sedimentation chamber of conical type through which out-flowing water is pushing fecal matter and other detritus outward. The conical sedimentation chamber measures 20 cm depth and 20 cm diameter at its upper mouth and tapers to the bottom end which is connected to 4 cm diameter draining pipe. The draining pipe goes through under the tank and then is elevated on the side. The water depth was maintained at about 40 cm depth by adjusting the heigh of draining pipe. The filter bed contained 16 l of $3\~5\;mm$ zeolite gravels, and water circulation rate was about 1030 l/hr. 2. Continuous inflowing water resulted in a good elimination of waste materials through its outflowing water thus reducing waste loading in the filter. 3. Mean temperature of water in the rearing aquarium containing about 400 l water volume was maintained at around 20 to $22^{\circ}C$ by 0.59 l/min of the inflowing well water which usually maintained the temperature of $17^{\circ}C$ during the hot summer season from the first of July to the first of October when the 10-days-mean air temperature ranged from $20^{\circ}\;to\;27.3^{\circ}C$ $(total\;mean\;24.6^{\circ}C) $ and under this condition the fish continued normal growth. 4. The production per 1 l/min of inflowing water with this simple biofilteration reached 30 hg. 5. The total cost including all feed and power during this experimental rearing period fell well within the economic establishment and if the feed and filteration system are improved the benefit-cost ratio will be much increased.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

This study was conducted to analyze the present status and the levels of mechanization and automation for raising, feeding, water supply, propagation, health management, ventilation and heat control, data analysis, and etc, and to establish the guide of the future study on development of the optimum production system models of swine facility from the results of this analysis. The scheme of the future study on the development of the optimum production system model of swine facility was established as follows : 1. A Korean and environmental control type slatted windowless swine housing model would be developed according to the following basis : \circled1 Boars, gilts and sows, delivery sows should be raised individually and piglets, growing pigs, and finishing pigs should be raised in group. \circled2 The arrangement of furrowing house were two rows of furrowing crates facing the center aisle. 2. The environmental control system and waste management system that are suitable to Korean and environmental control type slatted windowless swine housing model would be developed. 3. An electronic identification device would be developed. 4. The automatic individual wet feeding system by electronic identification device and computers would be developed. 5. The individual management system would be developed, which could manage individually the breeding pigs by the electronic identification device. 6. An expert system would be developed, which could manage the health and data base of pigs.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.91-108
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• 1998

This study was carried out to survey basic information of swine farms on the machine holdings. facility type. management of manure by farm scale and operation, and then to develop the mechanization model. Manual feeding was common for sows and nursing sows. but automation feeding was normally furnished for weaners. growing pigs and castrated male pigs. Water supplies was completely automated for all of the surveyed swine farms. Fully mechanized and automated system would not be feasible and affordable for the small scale farms breeding less than 500 heads. Because the environmental control for the nursing sows and weaner was important, some swine houses were constructed with the windowless type. However, the furnished rates ranged from 22.2% to 44.4% of the surveyed nursing sow and weaner houses at the farm scales. In the future, a computerized ventilation system would be commended for the efficient use of heat energy and to maintain the desirable temperature of swine buildings. Over-investment for large scale farm and over-crowded pigpen of small farm would cause wasting construction expenses and spreading epidermic diseases Hence, the size of swine building should follow the recommended scale. The fermentation drier was recommended for the manure management. Urine could be recycled or discharged after treating by the activated sludge process.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.33 no.1 s.375
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• pp.147-151
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• 2001

우리나라 육계산업이 탄생된 이래 성장산업으로써 괄목한 만한 발전을 이룩하였으나, 평균 출하중량 1.5kg의 소형닭 생산구조로 형성되어 있기 때문에 계육 가공품 개발에 의한 새로운 소비창출이나 부분육 수출이 어려운 실정이고, 가공용 부분육의 수입이 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 육계를 크게 길러 출하하게 되면 생산비의 절감은 물론 다양한 가공품의 개발과 국내용과 수출용의 2원화 생산이 아닌 일원화도 가능하다. 대형육계를 생산하기 위해서는 다음과 같은 기술들이 상호 유기적으로 결합되어야만 가능할 것이다. 1. 출하말기까지 양호한 계사환경의 유지가 가능한 계사 및 환기장치 확보 2. 강건한 병아리의 확보와 초기 성장 억제 및 후기 보상성장 유도기술 적용에 의한 폐사율의 감소 3. 최종상품의 용도에 알맞은 사료 급여 및 암수분리 사육에 의한 2단출하 사육기술의 정착에 의한 대형육계 생산 4. 철저한 방역에 의한 질병차단 및 출하, 도계처리 과정의 오염방지