• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

The effect of soundscape has been analyzed by questionnaire results. Nowadays, EEG is used to identify the human reponses due to exterior stimuli such as soundscape sound sources. So, it is very meaningful to know the EEG response to soundscape sound sources. In the present study, the sound sources of soundscape were heard to subjects in order to find out the relationship between questionnaire results and electroencephalogram results through lab test. And stimulated part of brain for evaluating words were sought in this experiment too. The results of the study are as follows : the sound source of bird+music causes more ${\alpha}$-wave rise than other sound sources and the ${\alpha}$-wave stimulated region of brain is occipitallobe. In case of ${\beta}$-wave, the left part of brain is excited. ${\delta}$-wave is on frontallobe and ${\Theta}$-wave is on right part of brain. The evaluating words for soundscape can be categorized into four groups. These results could be used for basic materials of soundscape effects analysis.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.629-636
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• 2011

In this study, survey experiment and EEG test was carried out to know the effect of visual images on EEG for evaluating words of soundscape sound source with 18 subjects. Analysis on the EEG were executed to know the difference according to with and without visual images. Followings are results of this study. 1) There is no big difference with visual images in soundscape sound evaluating adjectives such as "Full", "Clear", "Enjoyable" whereas there is a big difference in soundscape sound evaluating adjectives such as "Pleasant", "Comfortable", "Gentle", "Sonorous". 2) There is a tendency that soundscape sound source which is consist of single sound source shows + 1 above increase in survey test when visual image is suggested whereas soundscape sound source which is consist of one more sound source shows - 1 below decrease in survey test. 3) Statistical analysis was used to know considerable probability. ${\alpha}$-wave has a considerable probability and Maximum level difference occurring brain spots were number 1 and 2.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.796-801
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• 2004

The thing that should be considered preferentially when we introduce sounds to the space we are living in is to clarify the notion - for whom when, what kinds of sounds, where, for what and how to. There are two physical habitate conditions which affect the quality of soundscape. The one is 'Background sound' of the space which should be masked or applied in accordance with its qualify. The other is features of the habitat which would be the factor building up ambience and the index for us to decide specificities of the sounds to be introduced. Selecting or producing the sounds to be introduced, we should consider those to make these represent the community, influence people's behavior, be in harmony with surroundings, and give the identity to the space. There are two ways to introduce the sounds. The one is to put sound sources which actually make the sound. The other is to put the sounds without practical sound source but with objects related to those. For later, it's important not to introduce the sounds people prefer but what would be in harmony with the place. In this study, we've researched what kinds of sounds could be utilized for soundscape designing. And, we've studied if those can be, how those should be introduced and what other factors should be considered.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.814-819
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• 2004

When we evaluate sound, there are various methods for noise such as A-weighted SPL(sound pressure level), NC(noise criteria), NR(noise rating) and SIL(speech interference level) etc. however, it is not sufficient for the sounds supplied to public places used in soundscape design. Consequently it is needed to develop the tool for evaluating the good acoustical environment and futhermore quantifying the effect of improvement by supplying sound sources. In this study, it was tried to analyse the sound sources applied for soundscape design using sound quality parameters. The sound sources used were natural sound artificial sound. For the sound quality parameters, Loudness(L), Sharpness(S), Fluctuation strength(FL), Tonality(T), Roughness(R), Unbiased Annoyance(UA) were used and sound quality values were compared both natural and artificial sounds, depending on the convolution of sound sources with background noise, the duration, the frequency contents and the SPL. As a result, the values of L and UA have shown to be changed comparing to the other parameters, and it is necessary to analyse the correlation with subjects' responses.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.306-316
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• 2007

이 연구는 사운드스케이프라는 청각적 경관의 개념에 기초하여, 계절에 따라 도시 거리의 청각적 경관에서 나타나는 경관요소, 경관특징, 경관인상에 대한 한국인의 청각선호도를 조사하여, 청각적 경관의 구성요인과 계절의 요인이 어떻게 상호작용하여 청각선호도에 영향을 미치는 지를 파악하는 것이다. 캡션평가법이라는 환경심리 조사수법을 이용하여 45명의 대학생들이 4계절 동안 남원시의 거리를 걸으면서 듣고 느낀 청각적 경관에서 나타나는 경관요소, 경관특징, 경관인상의 요인과 계절의 상호작용 효과를 단순요인 분산분석과 비모수 일원배치 분산분석하였다. 분석결과, 청각적 경관의 경관요소, 경관특징, 경관인상과 계절 사이에 상호작용 효과가 있으며, 각 경관의 구성요인들이 청각선호도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 경관요소의 계절별 선호도는 봄, 여름, 가을에는 자연음이, 겨울에는 사회음의 선호도가 높게 나타났다. 경관특징의 계절별 선호도는 봄, 여름 및 겨울에는 양태가, 그리고 가을은 주변관계가 중요한 영향을 미치고 있다. 경관인상의 계절별 선호도는 봄과 겨울은 소리특성이, 그리고 여름과 가을은 거리의 분위기라는 경관인상이 중요한 영향을 미치고 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 사운드스케이프 디자인에 있어서 계절에 따라 어떠한 청각적 경관의 경관요소, 경관특징, 경관인상을 배려하는 것이 바람직한 것인가, 그 양부를 판정할 수 있는 유용한 자료로써 활용할 수 있다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2004

in seaside was emphasized on mainly visual elements such as monumental sculptures, towers, landscape and so on. But a memorial space in seaside has peculiar and various sound environments comparing with other spaces. In that sense, there are many rooms to improve soundscape of the space by adding suitable sounds to or by subtracting unsuitable sounds from a memorial space.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.291-292
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• 2011

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 회화 감상에 도움이 되는 사운드스케이프를 구성하기 위해 딥러닝 기술을 활용하여 클래식 음악을 매칭하는 기술을 소개하고 회화와 음악 매칭이 얼마나 잘 되었는지에 대해 평가할 수 있는 평가 지표를 제안한다. 평가 지표는 리커드 5점 척도를 통한 적합도 평가와 멀티모달 측면의 평가로 진행하였다. 회화와 음악 매칭에 대해 13명의 실험 참가자의 적합도 평가의 점수는 3.74/5.0 이었고, 또한 13명의 실험 참가자의 멀티모달 평가에서 회화와 음악 매칭의 코사인 유사도의 평균은 0.79였다. 멀티모달적 평가는 새로운 사용자 경험을 측정할 수 있는 평가 지표가 될 것으로 기대된다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 시각과 청각의 인터랙션을 제안함으로써 다중감각 예술작품 경험을 향상시키고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 회화와 음악 매칭이 다중감각 예술작품 전시에서 활용되며 더 나아가 이는 시각 장애인들의 예술작품 감상에 대한 접근성을 높일 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2011

This study was focused on the influence of soundscape provided to the interior landscape on the improvement of occupants' sound environment. When soundscape was provided to occupants together with the interior landscape rather than simply providing interior landscape, the occupants' satisfaction seemed to be improved. The most preferred sound source among the three sound sources was considered as the sound of the grasshopper. When both of the interior landscape and the landscape substances was provided, the adjectives with the average difference of more than 1 are "Vicissitudinous", "Elegant" and "Cheerful". When the interior landscape and the sound source were provided, such adjectives as "Vicissitudinous", "Complex" and "Cheerful" are extracted. When all the variables were provided, such adjectives as "Vicissitudinous", "Abundant" and "Cheerful" seem to show the difference of more than 1. Regarding "Vicissitudinous", it was possible to know that the average difference of more than 1.5 was the biggest. Regarding the relative values of the ${\alpha}$ wave and the ${\beta}$ wave for each part, it seemed that the highest ${\alpha}$ wave was generated on the left parietal lobe of P3, while the lowest ${\beta}$ wave was generated on the left and right frontal lobes of Fp1 and Fp2. According to this study, it was shown that the soundscape and the interior landscape seemed to influence the improvement of the occupants' sound environment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to interpret the visual and auditory images and cognitive characteristics about townscapes in Namwon city. It was acquired the survey results about 8 types of verbal interviews and 2 kinds of sketch maps which are based on urban images from 102 Namwon residents. They held in a variety of images of Namwon in their minds such as Jiri mountain, clean environment, sightseeing, special products, urban/building structures, Korean classical music, historical novel, local sports, and emotional images. The nice streets or places which the residents recommended are the places which have abundant natural areas, psychological peace and rest, available space for physical activity, places for performances and events, and regional attractions. The streets or places which they didn't like are decadent places, and areas of crowded traffic. The transition times of visual and auditory scene can be classified with the Saemaul movement in the 1970's(the rural new community movement) and the improvement of the city in the 1990's. The elements of visual images in Namwon city on the basis of the cognitive maps were expressed such elements as paths, districts, nodes, edges, and landmarks. The elements of auditory images, which are on the basis of the concept of the soundscape, included sounds of narrative musical form unique to Korea; p'ansori, sounds of traditional markets, and sounds of nature. It was found that the imageability of visual and auditory images is relatively clear in specific areas in Namwon city.