• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.91-95
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• 2010

Using artificial neural network to use a search preference based on the user's information, the ranking of search results that will enable flexible searches can be improved. After trained in several different queries by other users in the past, the actual search results in order to better reflect the use of artificial neural networks to neural network learning. In order to change the weights constantly moving backward in the network to change weights of backpropagation algorithm. In this study, however, the initial training, performance data, look for increasing the number of lessons that can be overfitted. In this paper, we have optimized a lot of objects that have a strong advantage to apply genetic algorithms to the relevant page of the search rankings flexible as an object to the URL list on a random selection method is proposed for the study.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.143-153
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• 2024

This study aims to analyze both the current utilization of e-learning in the scuba diving education sector and the possible improvements by using Delphi analysis. The study administered three rounds of Delphi surveys with 25 specialists, including business executives and educational leaders from scuba diving centers and resorts affiliated with organizations that conduct scuba diving education through e-learning. The comparative analysis of the state of e-learning utilization and factors for improvement revealed significant insights. In terms of expected benefits, the analysis highlighted an increase in user convenience, temporal flexibility in learning activities, and easy access to products. However, it identified major issues such as the simplistic mandatory exams, inadequate professional depth in the feedback provided, and a lack of bidirectional communication between learners and instructors. Recommendations for improvements included enhancing communication through various online communities, conducting mandatory exams offline, and developing a variety of content. Conducting regular program quality evaluations, integrating with various diving communities, and assigning dedicated tutors were deemed crucial factors for future development.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.581-589
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• 2021

With the recent increase in the introduction of micro-electric vehicles in Korea, interest in micro-electric vehicle user satisfaction is increasing to revitalize related markets. In this paper, a basic study was conducted on the development of public services using micro-electric vehicle based on the constituent factors of user satisfaction. The survey includes: ① 'Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for selecting the priority factors of user satisfaction of micro-electric vehicles', ② 'A survey of micro-electric vehicles image' to collect data in advance for providing users' preferences and transportation services for micro-electric vehicles, ③ In order to investigate the user satisfaction level of users who actually operated micro-electric vehicles, the order of 'user satisfaction survey of micro-electric vehicle drivers' was conducted. In the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis, it was found that users regarded as important in the order of 'user utilization data', 'vehicle movement data', and 'charging service data'. In the micro-electric vehicle image survey, users perceived micro-electric vehicles more positively in terms of "safety", 'durability', 'Ride comfort', 'design', 'MOOE (Maintenance and other operating expense)', and 'environment-friendly' when comparing micro-electric vehicles with electric motorcycles. In the survey on the user satisfaction of micro-electric vehicle drivers, the use of micro-electric vehicle did not directly affect work performance efficiency, and there was an experience of being disadvantaged on the road due to the size of the micro-electric vehicle, and driving in a cluster of micro-electric vehicle for outdoor advertisements. The city's public relations effect was great, but it was concerned about safety. In the future, based on the results of this study, we plan to build a user satisfaction structural equation model, preemptively discover feedback R&D for micro-electric vehicle utilization services in the public field, and actively seek to discover new public mobility support services.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.575-588
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• 2008

This study is to inquire respective patterns of mental models caused by wrongful usages which can be experienced when a user who is used to a keypad-based mobile phone starts using a touch screen mobile phone and to find out the features of the user's logical process of correcting such wrongful usages to a new mental model. In addition, design improvement to be considered for easy generation of the mental model regarding touch screen mobile phones was reviewed in this study. We set up test subjects for the most frequently used seven high priority functions among touch screen phone functions and carried out the subject assessment together with interview surveys after the video observation experiment. Our test results show that test subjects who were used to keypad-based mobile phones tend to use operation knowledge related to the computer operational system(Window) or the web browse, navigation including Tap or Double Tap in order to correct the mental model when a wrongful usage is made. In addition, the result of comparison and analysis of the subject assessment and the video observation experiment data shows that wrongful usages of touch screen mobile phones mostly occurred in the field of 'information feedback' and 'navigation' among mobile phone components.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.75-97
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• 2012

Fostering trusting belief in financial transactions is a challenging task in Internet banking services. Authenticated Certificate had been regarded as an effective method to guarantee the trusting belief for online transactions. However, previous research claimed that this method has some loopholes for such abusers as hackers, who intend to attack the financial accounts of innocent transactors in Internet. Two types of methods have been suggested as alternatives for securing user identification and activity in online financial services. Control transparency uses information over the transaction process to verify and to control the transactions. Outcome feedback, which refers to the specific information about exchange outcomes, provides information over final transaction results. By using these two methods, financial service providers can send signals to involved parties about the robustness of their security mechanisms. These two methods-control transparency and outcome feedback-have been widely used in the IS field to enhance the quality of IS services. In this research, we intend to verify that these two methods can also be used to reduce risks and to increase the security protections in online banking services. The purpose of this paper is to empirically test the effects of the control transparency and the outcome feedback on the risk perceptions in Internet banking services. Our assumption is that these two methods-control transparency and outcome feedback-can reduce perceived risks involved with online financial transactions, while increasing perceived trust over financial service providers. These changes in user attitudes can increase the level of user satisfactions, which may lead to the increased user loyalty as well as users' willingness to pay for the financial transactions. Previous research in IS suggested that the increased level of transparency on the process and the result of transactions can enhance the information quality and decision quality of IS users. Transparency helps IS users to acquire the information needed to control the transaction counterpart and thus to complete transaction successfully. It is also argued that transparency can reduce the perceived transaction risks in IS usage. Many IS researchers also argued that the trust can be generated by the institutional mechanisms. Trusting belief refers to the truster's belief for the trustee to have attributes for being beneficial to the truster. Institution-based trust plays an important role to enhance the probability of achieving a successful outcome. When a transactor regards the conditions crucial for the transaction success, he or she considers the condition providers as trustful, and thus eventually trust the others involved with such condition providers. In this process, transparency helps the transactor complete the transaction successfully. Through the investigation of these studies, we expect that the control transparency and outcome feedback can reduce the risk perception on transaction and enhance the trust with the service provider. Based on a theoretical framework of transparency and institution-based trust, we propose and test a research model by evaluating research hypotheses. We have conducted a laboratory experiment in order to validate our research model. Since the transparency artifact(control transparency and outcome feedback) is not yet adopted in online banking services, the general survey method could not be employed to verify our research model. We collected data from 138 experiment subjects who had experiences with online banking services. PLS is used to analyze the experiment data. The measurement model confirms that our data set has appropriate convergent and discriminant validity. The results of testing the structural model indicate that control transparency significantly enhances the trust and significantly reduces the risk perception of online banking users. The result also suggested that the outcome feedback significantly enhances the trust of users. We have found that the reduced risk and the increased trust level significantly improve the level of service satisfaction. The increased satisfaction finally leads to the increased loyalty and willingness to pay for the financial services.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.30
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• pp.453-464
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• 2017

With the development of IT technology, various smart products and services have been spread in our daily life, providing users with convenience and emotional satisfaction. Particularly, input and output technologies, sensor technologies, and intelligent system technologies have offered new opportunities for diverse interaction patterns and new user experiences. This research started from the interest in the idea generation of product designers who need to combine various technological aspects with users' needs. The goal of this research is to propose an interaction design framework which can be used in an idea generation stage. To do so, first, the concept and characteristics of smart products were studied through literature reviews, and the interaction technologies, including input/output modality and context-aware technologies, were also investigated. Then, the frameworks that have been proposed in the deisgn fields were reviewed. This paper finally proposed the interaction design framework and explained its application to the idea generation, using several case studies. The proposed framework consists of four categories: product components, context-awareness elements, information input elements, and feedback output elements. Each of these are divided into several sub-categories, focused on users' needs. Sub-categories includes some elements of interaction, and each of the elements is explained with an existing smart product/system. The paper also describes how the proposed framework would be used in the idea generation process, using some design ideation examples. In the future study, more various concept ideas will be proposed through some elaborated case studies, and the framework is expected to be verified in terms of its possibility as an idea generation tool.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.245-263
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• 2010

Today, large enterprises are changing their team organization to group organization. These trends have brought work flexibility of project and manpower usage. However, communication among group members has become more complicated, and it has been found that ERP was not efficient enough to solve this communication problem. The main purpose of this study was to design a quick and systematic communication system for group project management, and Web-based Information Reporting System (hence forth WIRS) has been proposed. The main topics covered in this paper are design of functions and system architecture, process model design, database design, and implementation of the prototype. Focus group interview was conducted and user feedback was positive about main functions for WIRS and its overall impact on the enhancement of productivity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

Unlike conventional online shopping malls that handle simple product sales, customization services have to be provided with a user-centered and smooth customizable work environment because of differences that buyers have to customize themselves. To study the ease of use of T-shirt customization web GUI, three websites that provide T-shirt customization services were selected to analyze the current status of T-shirt customization websites. Through prior research, we establish the evaluation principle as consistency and clarity, operability, feedback, coping with errors, sharing and ease of search. Based on this, the T-shirt customization web GUI design guidelines were drafted and three delphi surveys were conducted on GUI-related experts to prove the validity of the web GUI guidelines evaluation items that are effective in customizing T-shirts. This study is expected to contribute to increasing the production and usability of the T-shirt customization web and to be used as an effective reference for customization web GUI design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2018

With the breakthrough of speech recognition technology, conversational agents have become pervasive through smartphones and smart speakers. The recognition accuracy of speech recognition technology has developed to the level of human beings, but it still shows limitations on understanding the underlying meaning or intention of words, or understanding long conversation. Accordingly, the users experience various errors when interacting with the conversational agents, which may negatively affect the user experience. In addition, in the case of smart speakers with a voice as the main interface, the lack of feedback on system and transparency was reported as the main issue when the users using. Therefore, there is a strong need for research on how users can better understand the capability of the conversational agents and mitigate negative emotions in error situations. In this study, we applied social strategies, "forewarning" and "apology", to conversational agent and investigated how these strategies affect users' perceptions of the agent in breakdown situations. For the study, we created a series of demo videos of a user interacting with a conversational agent. After watching the demo videos, the participants were asked to evaluate how they liked and trusted the agent through an online survey. A total of 104 respondents were analyzed and found to be contrary to our expectation based on the literature study. The result showed that forewarning gave a negative impression to the user, especially the reliability of the agent. Also, apology in a breakdown situation did not affect the users' perceptions. In the following in-depth interviews, participants explained that they perceived the smart speaker as a machine rather than a human-like object, and for this reason, the social strategies did not work. These results show that the social strategies should be applied according to the perceptions that user has toward agents.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.277-286
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the design element in traditional palaces of Korea, China and Japan. It takes threesteps to proceed this study. Firstly, it needs to be established the analysis framework from the documents. In second step, the design elements - the form, the material, the pattern and the color - should be collected and investigated through the observation of the actual traditional palaces the Changduckung, the Forbidden City, the Nijo castle. The third step is the analysis of the results of the investigation of the design elements from step two. To sum up similarities and dissimilarities among the design element in traditional palaces of Korea, China and Japan is as the following It is to be noticed that the mainly common characteristics of the artistic design are 'naturalism', 'harmonious ideas' and 'confucianism'. But the representation style of the design element is differed from the country. : The typical features of China are symmetry, glassy surface by artificial process, the meandered curve, the magnificent pattern and the constrable color. In Japan, the mathematical asymmetry, made-up rough surface by artificial skill, decorativepattern with abbreviation and achromatic color are important feature of the design element. While the major features of Korean design element are asymmetrical balance with nature, rough surface by natural process, moderate pattern and harmonious color.