• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-61
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• 2001

The purpose of this article was to compare 'The Discourse on the Constitutional Symptoms and Disease' of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ written in 1894(Old Edition(舊本)) with that of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ published in 1901(In Edition(印本)), and to find the idea of pathologic mechanism and classification of 'the Exterior and Interior disease'. the conclusions were as follows. 1. The classification of constitutional symptoms and disease of Soeumin and Soyangin in 'Old Edition(舊本)' was almost equal to that in 'In Edition(印本)' 2. In pathological mechanism of constitutional symptoms and disease of Soeumin and Soyangin, 'The Exterior Disease' could be explained as the disease resulted from fight between 'Yang-chi(陽氣)(Hot-chi(熱氣))'of 'Thoracic vertebrae' and 'Yin-chi(陰氣)(Cold-chi(寒氣))' of 'Bladder' and 'The Interior Disease' between 'Hot-chi(熱氣)(Stomach-chi(胄氣))' of 'Stomach' and 'Cold-chi(寒氣)' of 'Large intestine'. 3. 'The Exterior Symptoms and Disease of the Exterior and the Interior Disease(表裏之表病)' could be explained as the disease occurring at the Branch portion(large portion)(標) by overcoming of Pathogenic factors but Vital energy still sufficient, and 'The Interior Symptoms and Disease of the Exterior and the Interior Disease(表裏之裏病)' occurring at Root portion(small portion)(裏) by invasion of Pathogenic factors and Vital energy almost exhausted. 4. In the classification of constitutional symptoms and disease of Taeumin, 'The Exterior Symptoms and Disease of the Exterior and the Interior Disease(表裏之表病)' in 'Old Edition(舊本)' were rearranged to 'The Exterior Disease' in 'In Edition(印本)', 'The Interior Symptoms and Disease of the Exterior and the Interior Disease(表裏之裏病)' to 'The Interior Disease'. 5. It was assumed that 'The Exterior and the Interior Disease' of Taeumin could be explained in relation between the exterior and e interior, based on the Healthy energy(保命之主) and e concept of the Branch and the Root portion

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 1999

This study is carried out to investigate the concepts of Stay Practice Meet Manage come out of and to compare with Stay Practice Perceive Manage come out of . Through this study, several important views and understandings could be proposed as follows. 1. Stay means stay at home with Doing homeworks or any other concrete things in his best and most righteous way as possible. And there's needed virtue of diligence. 2. Practice means do good one's behavior or don't violate etiquette. And there's needed virtue of ability. 3. Meet means meet with a lot of people and put them to rights or encourage them in their goodness in the course of acquaintance. And there's needed virtue of wisdom. 4. Manage means manage business or affairs changing from time to time, that is, decide and solve the complicated affair timely. And there's needed virtue of sincerity. 5. Perceive is substituted to meet simply. The reason why mind is substituted to people. 6. The abstract and philosophical conception of Mind Body Business Things can have vivid and practical meanings by intervention of intermediary being, People Ego Heaven Earth. As for Dongmoo, 4 items of Stay Practice Meet Manage are the aims and methods to accomplish the Confucian's utopia tilled with righteousness.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.283-299
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• 1999

1. Purpose : Systemic injection of kainic acid in experimental animals induces the limbic seizure and structural damages in hippocampus and amygdala which resembles the changes in human temporal lobe epilepsy. The author performed this study to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Yuldahansotang, on the neurotoxicity induced by kainic acid in the hippocampus in rats. 2. Method : Kainic acid was administered intraperitoneally. And feeding with Yuldahansotang for 3 weeks after kainic acid administration. Seizure were induced in male mice (kainate 10-40 mg/kg i.p) and animals were sacrified at various time-points after injection. The experimental animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3day and 1, 3weeks while Yuldahansotang administrations. Seizure were graded using a behavioral scale developed in our laboratory. c-fos belong to immediate early genes(IEGs) known to have rapid and brief responses. And neuronal injury was assayed by examining DNA fragmentation using in situ nick translation histochemistry. 3. Results & Conclusion : Seizure severity paralled kainate dosage. At higher doses DNA fragmentation is seen mainly in hippocampus in area CA3, and variable in CA1, thalamus, amygdala within 24 h, is maximal within 72 h, and is large gene by 7 days after administration of kainate. And we can't see the expression of DNA fragmentation and c-fos in the mice what feeded by Yuldahansotang after 7 days from kainic acid administration. It is consequently suggested that Yuldahansotang may attenuate the kainic acid-induced neuronal degeneration and increase the immunoreactivity of hippocampus in mouse.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.267-281
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• 1999

1. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Taeyeumjoweetang on the cerebral neurons injured by glucose oxidase(GO). 2. Methods : I observed cell viability in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to glucose oxidase by NR assay and MTT assay and determined lipid peroxidation in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to glucose oxidase. After administration of Taeyeumjoweetang water extracts, I observed significant changes of cell viability, lipid peroxidation in mouse cerebral neurons exposed to glucose oxidase. 3. Results : GO induced cell degeneration such as the decrease of cell viability was measured by MTT and NR assay in the cultured mouse cerebral cortical neurons. Taeyeumjoweetang was effective in the increase of total protein of neurons inhibited by GO. Taeyeumjoweetang was effective in the decrease of lipid peroxidation of neurons produced by GO.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.131-150
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• 1996

1. Result As the study for standardization of EAV's measurement values according to constitution and sex and age, the questionnaire on QSCC and QSCC(I) and EAV were carried out to 603 general patients in east : west promotion health center affiliated to Kyung Hee Medical center. The following conclusions were reached as the result of statistical handling of the data of questionnaire and EAV. 1) Each standard scope of BAZ and CMP was suggested. 2) BAZ and CMP examined about constitution did not show any statistical difference. 3) The result of examination by sex on BAZ and CMP is such as followings. A meaningful difference was showed at the level of p<0.001 in HH, HEL, HFR, and FF in case of male on BAZ. meaningful difference were showed at the level of p<0.001 in R3, R4, R18, L3, L16 and L18 and at the level of P<0.01 In R5, R8, R12, L7, L9, L10, L11, and L13 and at the level of P<0.05 in R1, R2, R6, R11, R13, R14, R16, R17, R19, R20, L1, L2, L4, L5, L14, L17, and L19 in case of male on CMP. There was no statistical difference in R7, R9, R10, R15, L12, and L15. 4) In every measure point of both BAZ and CMP a meaningful difference was notified at the level of P<0.01 by age. 2. Suggestion 1)Environmental, examinee and examiner's factors which may cause error in EAV measurement should be excluded. 2)The factor of change by time and space should be clarified. 3)The correlation between disease and meridian should be learned. And scopes of BAZ and CMP according to disease should be studied.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.281-293
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• 1995

In order to investigate the effects of the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ and the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ on Yang-insufficient syndrome(陽虛)induced by hydrocortisone acetate and cold condition in experiemental animals(Rats), the author experimented with Body temperature, Body weight, Exercise time, cyclic-AMP and Hair conditions. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. In Changes of body Temperature, the soum-In $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ group rose with statistical significance in comparison to the controlled group, and the Soum-In $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group rose with statistical singificance in comparison to the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group. 2. In changes of Body weight, the Soum-In Sipjondaebot'ang treated group and the Gukbang Sipjondabot'ang treatd group had increased with statistical significance in comparison to the controlled group, and the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group showed an increasing tendency in comparison to the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$treated group. 3. In changes of Exercise time, the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group and the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group had increased with statistical significance in comparison to the controlled group and the $So{\breve{u}}m$ $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group showed an increasing tendency in comparison to the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group. 4. In changes of plasma cyclic-AMP concentration, the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group and the $So{\breve{u}}m$ $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group showed an increased tendency in comparison to the controlled group. 5. In changes hair condition, the $So{\breve{u}}m$ $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ terated group and the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ treated group showed a betterment tendency in comparison to the controlled group. From the above findings, thd $So{\breve{u}}m$ $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ and the Gukbang $Sipj{\breve{o}}ndaebot^{\prime}ang$ groups also had an effect of Yang-insuffient syndrome, moreover, on Body thmperature, Body weight and Exercise time, both showed a singnificant effect.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-67
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• 1995

By making use of the EVA(Electroacupuncture acc. Voll) combined meridian theory of oriental medicine with electronics which was contrived to recognize the physiological and pathological changes of human body, the following conclusions were made in comparison with EAV measurements and types of symptoms(anxiety & headache, fatigue, palpitation, dizzness, abdominal distension, nausea, gastric distubance, constipation & diarrhea, fatty liver, CVA), QSCC, and blood type test. 367 patients including 124 with nervous gastrointestinal problems were selected for this research. 1. From the point of variance of the tested patients 124 nervous gastrointestinal patients, Liver meridian and Spleen meridian showed Hyperenergia and Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian, Tripe warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 2. In each symptom as the nervous gastrointestinal symptom Liver Meridian showed hyperenergia, Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian and Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 3. In an objective Comparison with other symptoms, firstly among the headache & anxiety group left Gall Bladder, Triple warmer and Stomach meridian showed remarkable hypoergia, secondly among fatigue group showed hypoergia in Triple warmer meridian and hyperenergia of Stomach meridian, and thirdly among palpitation group showed hypoergia of Kidney meridian, and lastly among dizzness group showed hypoergia of Gall bladder, Stomach, Circulation and Small intestine meridian. 4. All of gastric distubance, nausea, abdominal distention, constipation and diarrhea group showed hyperenergia in Stomach meridian and spleen meridian, gastric disturbance group showed remarkably hypoergia in Circulation, Small intestine, Lung and Large intestine meridian, Nausea group showed hypoergia of large intestine, Constipation and diarrhea group showed hypoergia of Kidney and left Circulation meridian. 5. Fatty liver group showed hyperenergia of Liver meridian of 83.3%, Gall Bladder, stomach and Spleen meridian, Urinary bladder and Kidney meridian showed hypoergia. 6. CVA group showed hyperenergia in Liver and Corculation meridian. 7. Blood type in typical classification had on signigicant bearings on each other. 8. QSCC for the attempt of objective materials of constitutional diagnosis had no correlaticity in comparison with EAV measurements. In conclusion EAV is thought be used as a diagnostic method in oriental medicine and further research is needed regarding it can be used as useful method for verifying the characteristics and early finding of symptoms.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-101
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• 1995

Using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test which was developed by Ohmura Toshiaki, constitution classification by the vegetables' was measured by various muscle power measurement meters and the results are as follow : 1. Pinch guage (Model : pc5030HPG, Japan) is the guage to measure finger power between the thumb and second finger, Grip Strength Dynamometer (Model : T.K.K. 5101, Japan) is to measure the hand power (hand dynamometer), Back Strength dynamometer (Model : T.K.K. 5102, Japan)is to measue back muscle strength, Vertical Jump Meter (Model : T.K.K. 5106, Japan) is to measure the height of jump. The above guages were used and its result found that the radish, potato, carrot and cucumber can influence to the muscle strength was not true. 2. When the physical constitution is distinguished vy the O-Ring Test method, Taeyangin's rate appeared as average 21% although it was insistedthat there will be only 0.03-0.1%. This means that the influence power of vegetable doest not appear according to the physical constitution but it appears accidently according to the examinee's emotion about the material such as vegetable etc. as favor or unfavor. 3. It was found that the result of O-Ring Test is the same at any time and at any place was not true. there is no reemergence character. 4. The import of O-Ring Test method to the physical discriminatio disregarded that the mental facor influences absolutely to the physical heath in the ideological physical constitution medicla science. 5. 'O-Ring Test method is a objective judgement method'. is wrong judgement. As you see on the above result, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test set the changeable voluntary muscle as the standard of the judgement, that was first mistake logically, second in spite of leass influence of mental influence by the examiner and examinee than the vegetable discrimination influence, the test disregarded the influence. Thire, only grasp of some material on hand can influence to the voluntary was a wrong theory disregarding the physiology. Finally the misunderstaning his subjective view as an objective view in spite of examiner and examinee's strong influence. Therefore such kind of physical descrimination method must be sublated.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.350-364
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• 2014

Objectives This study was aimed to find the significant features of face form according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin by analyzing the three-dimensional face information data. Also, making standard face of the Taeeumin and Soyangin was an object of this study. Methods We collected three-dimensional face data of patients aged between 20~45 years old diagnosed by a specialist of Sasang constitutional medicine. The data were collected using a 3D scanner, Morpheus 3D(Morpheus Corporation, KOREA). Extracting a face feature point total of 64, was set to 332 pieces(height, angle, ratio, etc.) of each variable between feature points. ANOVA test were used to compare the characteristics of subjects according to the Taeeumin and Soyangin. Results When not to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin were different from the 18 items(3 items in the ear, 9 items in the eye, 1 item in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 4 items in the jaw). When to consider gender, the Taeeumin and Soyangin men were different from the 6 items(1 item in the ear, 2 items in the nose, 3 items in the face). And the Taeeumin and Soyangin women were different from 17 items(1 item in the ear, 10 items in the eye, 2 items in the nose, 1 item in the mouth, 3 items in the face). Conclusions These results show Taeeumin's face(both men and women) width of the right and left is larger than the length of the top and bottom. Compared to men of Soyangin, men of Taeeumin has greater wings of the nose. Compared to women of Soyangin, women of Taeeumin has longer length of the eye. Soyangin's face(both men and women) length of the top and bottom is larger than the width of the right and left. Compared to men of Taeeumin, men of Soyangin has smaller wings of the nose. Compared to women of Taeeumin, women of Soyangin has more stereoscopic facial features at the top and bottom of the lateral face. Also, by accumulating three-dimensional face data, this study modeled the standard facial features by Taeeumin and Soyangin. These results may be helpful in the development of Sasang constitutional diagnostics utilizing the characteristics of the facial form at later.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2013

Objectives This study was aimed to review a standardized method of retention enema by extracting elements associated with methods of retention enema from papers involved. Methods 1) Data sources : Retrieval was made, using 'Enema' or 'Retention Enema' as search words in MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, KISS, RISS, and NDSL DB. 2) Study selection : Two authors excluded irrelevant papers and chose qualified abstracts in the rest of the papers. The chosen studies were reviewed fully by the authors so that they could screen the significant papers based on the exclusion criteria. 3) Data extraction : Data on the total number of subjects, the target disease, the type, quality, length, diameter of catheter, the insertion length of catheter, the sample, the sample volume, the process of retention enema and the number of performing retention enema were extracted from the selected studies. Results & Conclusions The retention enema can be applied to gastrointestinal diseases, genitourinary diseases, metabolic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, headaches and neurological disorders. The standardized treatment method is as following: 1) inserting a rental tube of 18-28 Fr that measures 20 to 30 cm into the patient's anus, 2) injecting herbal medicines which have purgative action or benefit on stomach and intestinal tract at the rate of 4 ml/min, and 3) holding them for 10 to 15 minutes.