• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.17 no.2 s.52
• /
• pp.163-176
• /
• 2007

Landslides which is one of the major natural hazard is defined as a mass movement of weathered material rock and debris due to gravity and can be triggered by complex mechanism. It causes enormous property damages and losses of human lift directly and indirectly. In order to mitigate landslide risk effectively, a new method is required to develope for better understanding of landslide risk based on the damaged cost produce, investment priority data, etc. In this study, we suggest a new evaluation method for slope stability using risk analysis. 30 slopes including 10 stable slopes, 10 slopes of possible failure and 10 failed slopes along the national and local roads are examined. Risk analysis comprises the hazard analysis and the consequence analysis. Risk scores evaluated by risk analysis show very clear boundaries for each category and are the highest for the failed slopes and the lowest for the stable slopes. The evaluation method for slope stability suggested by this research may define the condition and stability of slope more clearly than other methods suggested by others.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2000

In this study, 270 cut-slopes are investigated and statistical analyses are performed. More than 84% of unstable slopes are rock slopes or rock-soil mixed slopes, and 72% of the slopes have 10 to 30 meter in height. And in order to clarify the cause of failure, 3 slopes which have been failed are back-analysed by using the computer programs such as DIPS, UDEC and PCSTABL5M. A heavy rainfall during rainy season is a main cause of slope failure, and a blasting vibration during construction could also give a significant influence on the slope instability.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.243-255
• /
• 2010

The slope design of an open-pit mine must consider economical efficiency and stability. Thus, the overall slope angle is the principal factor because of limited support or reinforcement options available in such a setting. In this study, slope displacement, as monitored by a GPS system, was analyzed for a coal mine at Pasir, Indonesia. Predictions of failure time by inverse velocity analysis showed good agreement with field observations. Therefore, the failure time of an unstable slope can be roughly estimated prior to failure. A GIS model that combines fuzzy theory and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was developed to assess slope instability in open-pit coal mines. This model simultaneously considers seven factors that influence the instability of open-pit slopes (i.e., overall slope gradient, slope height, surface flows, excavation plan, tension cracks, faults, and water body). Application of the proposed method to an open-pit coal mine revealed an enhanced prediction accuracy of failure time and failure site compared with existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.158-164
• /
• 2008

Abstract Infiltration of rainfall that may lead to reduce resistance force due to reduction of matric suction and to increase driving force due to increase of self weight makes the slope fail. There are many specifications to make slope stable based on factor of safety. Although result of slope stability analysis satisfy the specifications, slope failures triggered by rainfall are frequently occurred in reality because slope stability analysis cannot consider uncertainty of each soil properties. This is why conventional analysis has limitation and development of alternative method is needed. So it is suggested to adopt the reliability analysis rather than design based on factor of safety into designing safer structure. Through the evaluation of handicaps for the factor of safety based design, calculation of soil properties by site investigation, and reliability analysis considering distribution of each soil properties, distribution of failure probability in railway slope is obtained. Then, Risk assessment of slopes in Korean railway is executed from the results. Damage loss and incoming loss are considered as the loss. Using these results, it is possible to make proper countermeasure or efficient maintenance.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2003

The displacement measuring systems of slope ground surface are very expensive instruments and have disadvantages concerning installing, maintaining and surveying. The measuring works are very dangerous. Recently, simple systems are required to measure the displacement of slope ground surface in stages of cutting and maintaining slope. In this study, the mechanism of Softcopy Photogrammetry is applied to measure the displacement of slope ground surface. Three dimensional data of the slope ground surface can effectively be obtained in order to analyze slope stability. Computer Program, DIMA (Design IMmage Analysis), including the reformation process of a contour line was developed. As a result of this study, countermeasure and instruction standards of the displacement of slope ground surface before and after slope failure are established. Also, disadvantages of the existing system can be complemented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.606-606
• /
• 2012

최근 지구 환경변화에 따른 기후변화의 영향으로 이상홍수 발생의 위험성이 증가하고, 상습적으로 홍수피해가 반복되고 있다. 홍수피해의 원인 중 하나인 하천제방의 붕괴는 월류, 침식, 제체불안정, 구조물에 의한 파괴 등으로 구분되고 이 중 월류 및 침식은 제방 파괴의 주된 원인으로 최근 통계자료에 보고되고 있다. 제방붕괴의 주된 원인 중 하나인 침식파괴로부터 제방을 보호하기 위해 제내지 사면에 호안공을 설치하며, 하천설계기준 해설(2009)에서는 제방 또는 하안을 유수에 의한 파괴와 침식으로부터 직접 보호하기 위해 제방 앞비탈에 설치하는 구조물로 정의하고 있다. 특히 사행하천의 만곡부에서는 제방파괴의 위험성이 높을 뿐만 아니라 국부적으로 집중되는 유속분포는 제방의 안정성을 위협한다. 또한 원심력, 2차류(secondary flow) 등에 의한 수위상승 등에 의해 제방이 파괴되고 월류되어 홍수피해가 발생할 가능성이 큰 취약지점이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 수치모형을 이용하여 만곡부 흐름 특성을 분석하고 수리실험을 통해 측정된 유속 및 수위분포 결과와 비교하여 분석하였다. 또한 수리실험에서 도출된 호안 붕괴 시의 흐름을 구현하여 호안 붕괴 시 국부유속 및 전단응력을 계산하고 만곡부 호안의 안정성을 위한 설계인자를 분석하였다. 연구결과로 제시된 만곡부 안정성을 위한 설계인자는 국외 호안공 설계식과 비교하여 국부유속 및 전단응력의 설계인자의 적합성을 검토하고 국내 만곡부 호안의 안정성 설계기법개발에 도움이 될 수 있는 설계인자를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2016

Conventional warning criteria for landslides due to rainfall in broad regions have limitations, because they did not have proper reflection of topography, forest physiognomy, and unsaturated soil properties, et al. This study suggested a new stability model for unsaturated slope analyses during rainfall, considering rainfall pattern, geomorphological characteristics (slope angle, soil depth), engineering properties of unsaturated soils, and tree surcharge and root reinforcement. Stability analysis not considering root reinforcement and tree surcharge tends to over-predict a factor of safety in unsaturated slopes. Developed slope stability model was used to build database on the factor of safety in unsaturated slopes during rainfall, and it was integrated with GIS to do quantitative risk analysis in landslide risk areas specified in Ulju. Landslide risk areas were located at downstream of the point with sudden drop in safety factor, as well as at regions with low safety factor during rainfall.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.137-150
• /
• 2002

Recently, plane failure mode occurred frequently along the bedding plane having low angle dip about 20 degree when cutting slopes were constructed in sedimentary rock region of the Gyeongsang Basin. Landslide of the Whangryeong Mountain which was occurred at Busan Metropolitan City in 1999 belongs to the category mentioned above. Reconstruction for cutting slope of the Whangryeong Mountain has finished in 2000 and final grade of reconstructed cutting slope is 1:2.0. To analyze slope failure mode for landslide of the Whangryeong Mountain, various analyses were performed such as in-situ investigation and test, drilling, laboratory test, aerial photograph interpretation, X-ray diffraction analysis, and slope stability analysis using Stereographic Projection and Limit Equilibrium methods. As the result, it is identified that tension cracks had been developed one year before the landslide took place. The tension crack semis to be formed by merging several joint sets. It appears that failure blocks broke down along the sliding planes of different layers. Risk of plane failure is conformed as a result of stability analysis using Stereographic Projection and Limit Equilibrium methods in case that greenish gray tuffaceous shales, regared as sliding planes, are weathered. From now on, a detailed investigation is needed for the thin layers which is sensitive to weathering, and stability analysis for this layer is performed at cut slope construction site having similar geological condition.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2008

In this study, the design method of slope reinforced by the earth retention systems were systematically developed, and the flow chart of design procedure fur each system were constructed to design the slope rationally. The proposed design method is composed of 5 steps such as field condition investigation step, slope design step, landslide occurrence prediction step, slope failure scale estimation step and reinforcement countermeasure selection step. The quantitative standard of slope failure scale was established based on the arrangement of various overseas standards which is estimating the slope failure, and the analysis of slope failure scale which is occurred in the country. The slope failure scale is classified into three categories the small scale of slope failure is less than $150m^3$ of slope failure volume, the middle scale of slope failure is from $150m^3$ to $900m^3$ and the large scale of slope failure is more than $900m^3$. The earth retention system could be selected by the proposed slope failure scale based on the slope failure volume. Meanwhile, the design methods of earth retention system such as piles, soil nails and anchors were developed. The optimal countermeasure for slope stability could be proposed using above design methods.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.30 no.12
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2014

In this study, types of rock slope failure are analyzed by considering both joint characteristics investigated on previous landslide regions located at northern part of Mt. Jiri and geographic features of natural slopes deduced from GIS. The landslide prediction map was produced by superposing the frequency ratio layers for the six geographic features including elevation, slope aspect, slope angle, shaded relief, curvature and stream distance, and then the landslide risk map was deduced by combination of the prediction map and the damage map obtained by taking account of humanity factors such as roads and buildings in the study area. According to analysis on geographic features for previous landslide regions, the landslides occurred as following rate: 88% at 330~710 m in elevation, 77.7% at $90{\sim}270^{\circ}$ in slope aspect, 93.9% at $10{\sim}40^{\circ}$ in slope angle, 82.78% at grade3~7 in shaded relief, 86.28% at -5~+5 in curvature, and 82.92% within 400m in stream distance. Approximately 75% of the landslide regions belongs to the region of 'high' or 'very high' grade in the prediction map, and 13.27% of the study area is exposed to 'high risk' of landslide.