• 사료
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• s.11
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• pp.52-57
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• 2004

미국은 세계 최대의 사료곡물 생산국인 동시에 최대소비국이기도 하다. 풍부한 곡물생산국으로서의 우위성을 살려서 축산물 생산량도 세계 최대를 기록하고 있다. 옥수수는 미국이 세계생산의 41.6%, 수출의 68.29%를 차지할 정도로 미국에 집중되어 있다. 이러한 결과로 미국에서 기상이변 등에 의한 생산변동이 세계가격에 직접적으로 미치는 영향력이 매우 높아지는 특징이 있다. 미국의 대표적 사료곡물인 옥수수를 중심으로 생산주기와 수급추이, 유통경로, 사료용 이용현황 등에 대하여 최근 상황을 정리한다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.4 no.1 s.27
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• pp.106-113
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• 1972

1970년도 사료용 옥수수 도입량은 25만9천톤으로서 1,899만2천불의 외화를 소비하였다. 그런데 도입 옥수수를 국산 밀(소맥)로 대체한다면 국가경제를 위해서나 자립축산의 대계를 위해서 바람직한 일일 것이다.

• 농업기술회보
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.37-38
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• 2012

옥수수는 다른 사료작물과 다리 가소화 영양분(사료가 가축 등의 대사작용에 이용되는 에너지)이 풍부한 증실(씨알)을 함께 이용하기 때문에 조사료로서의 가치와 농후사료(부피가 작고 섬유소가 적으며 가소화 양분이 많은 사료)로서의 역할을 동시에 지니고 있는 우수한 사료작물이다. 우리나라는 일본에 이어 세계 2위의 옥수수 수입국으로 해마다 900여만톤을 미국, 브라질, 아르헨티나 등으로부터 수입하여 그 중 70% 이상을 소, 돼지, 닭 등 가축의 사료로 이용하고 있다. 올해 미국을 비롯한 세계 주요 곡창지대의 폭염과 지속적인 고온 등 기상여건의 악화로 옥수수 작황이 좋지 않아 생산량 감소에 대한 우려가 커지면서 국제곡물 가격이 치솟고 있어 옥수수 국제가격 상승이 사료비 상승의 주원인이 될 것으로 전망된다. 이에 농촌진흥청에서는 축산경영인들에게 생산비 절감을 위하여 옥수수 등 사료작물을 자체 생산할 것을 적극 권장하고 있다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 2011

본 연구는 우분액비의 시용이 경사도를 달리한 사료용 옥수수 재배지에서 옥수수의 생산성 및 유거수 중의 N의 유실에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 건국대학교 축산대학 사료작물 시험포 내 설치된 Erosion apparatuses (가로 0.33 m, 세로 3 m, 깊이 0.4 m)를 이용하여 수행하였다. 시험구의 경사도는 0%, 8.75%, 17.50%로 하였으며, 우분액비는 6개월 이상 부숙된 것으로 질소 기준 200 kg/ha 시용하였다. 옥수수의 건물생산성과 사료가치는 경사도에 의해 영향을 받았으며, 17.50% 경사지의 건물생산성은 0% 경사지의 건물생산성에 비해 유의적인 감소를 보였다 (P<0.05). 유거수 중의 평균 $NO_3^--N$과 $NH_4^+-N$의 농도는 경사가 높아질수록 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 보는 바와 같이 우분액비를 시용하여 사료용 옥수수를 재배할 경우, 경사도가 증가할수록 그리고 집중호우가 발생할 경우에 유거수 중의 양분 유실량은 증가가 예상되기 때문에 경사도가 심한 지역에서 옥수수를 재배할 때에는 양분유실에 따른 수질오염을 고려하여 사료작물 재배 방법이 모색되어야 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.843-852
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• 2010

Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HADs) and anthocyanins in corn (Zea mays L.) have recently been reported to have anticarcinogenic, anti-hypertensive, antidiabetic, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-melanogenic activities. Five HADs and anthocyanins in corn were quantified by HPLC according to cultivars and heat processes. In addition, major anthocyanin of a black waxy corn was isolated and identified by several instrumental analysis, and its content was also quantified by HPLC according to heat processes. Of the ten corn cultivars, five waxy corn cultivars had moderate five HADs contents except "Baksa" waxy corn with higher two free cinnamic acids (FCAs), p-coumaric and ferulic acids. In contrast, three dent corn cultivars contained higher levels of three polyamine conjugates (PCs), CFP, DCP and DFP, and especially "P3394" had the highest amount of the three PCs. Two sweet corn cultivars had generally intermediate HADs levels between waxy and dent corn cultivars. Of the three colored-waxy corns, a black Mibaek waxy corn had the highest anthocyanin content. During heat processes, levels of two FCAs in the black waxy corn generally increased, whereas no significant change on three PCs contents was observed except the puffing process. Roasting, retort and puffing processes significantly increased two FCAs and especially, the puffed black waxy corn had the highest amount of FCAs. Meanwhile, most heat treatments except retort process, considerably decreased total anthocyanin contents, and especially the puffed black waxy corn had nearly no anthocyanin. Level of one major anthocyanin, pelargonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) isolated from a black waxy corn was appreciably decreased by heat treatments except retort process, which greatly increased P3G content. These results suggest that the retorted black waxy corn may be a promising high quality functional corn product.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.9-39
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• 1999

우리나라에서 옥수수 사일리지는 젖소 사육농가에서 재배하고 있는 사료작물 중 가장 중요하다. 사일리지용 옥수수를 재배하지 않고는 젖소사육이 어렵다고 생각하는 낙농인이 많다. 과거에는 겨울철에만 옥수수 사일리지를 제조하여 급여하였으나, 최근에는 일부의 낙농가들은 연중 사일리지를 급여하는 연중급여체계로 전환하는 농가도 있다. 그런 면에서 옥수수 사일리지는 과거 어느 때보다 그 중요성이 강조된다.(중략)

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2017

This experiment was carried out to study the effect of rice black-streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV) infection rate on forage productivity of corn varieties in Cheonan of chungcheongnamdo from 2006 to 2008. Forage corn varieties of 10 were cultivated with first cropping(seeding in the last ten days of April) and second cropping(seeding in the last ten days of May) system in field and tested the infection rates of RBSDV and productivity of forage. The Infection rate of RBSDV was significant difference between corn varieties in middle district of Korea. Resistant corn varieties for RBSDV were 'Kwanganok', 'P3156', 'Kwangpeyongok' and 'P3394' but susceptible varieties were 'Suwon19', 'DK697', 'GW6959' and NC+7117. Dry matter(DM) yield of forage corn according with infection rates of RBSDV in field was significant difference between varieties(p<0.05). DM yield of susceptible varieties, 'Suwon 19', 'DK697' and 'GW6959' was lower about 20% than that of resistant varieties, 'Kwangpeyongok' and 'P3156'. For increasing the productivity of forage corn, recommend of resistant varieties for RBSDV and control of seeding time are very important in middle district of Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.195-206
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• 2019

This experiment was carried out to study the effects of different environmental conditions and cultivation techniques on productivity of forage corn in central and southern area of Korea on 2017 and 2018. Average dry matter yield of forage corn at 34 cultivation regions was 13,510kg/ha. Forage productivity of forage corn cultivated at actual production sites have positive correlation with cultivation techniques(p<0.01) but not correlated with cultivation environments. Forage productivity of forage corn have positive correlation with seeding techniques(p<0.01) but not correlated with fertilization techniques. These results suggest that practices of cultivation techniques are more important than cultivation environments for increasing the forage productivity of forage corn. Therefore, yield prediction techniques of forage corn in Korea have to be considered the practices of cultivation techniques along with soil and climate conditions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the characteristic and productivity of forage corn varieties sown at the last ten days of May at Cheonan of Korea on 2017 and 2018. Forage corn varieties sown on 24th May 2017 and $25^{th}$ May 2018 were emerged in 5th and 1st June, respectively. Silking date of forage corns was different among varieties(p<0.05). Stem length of forage corns was not different among the varieties, except Kwangpyeongok(KPA) and Nero IT. Stem diameter of forage corns was not different amaong the varieties. Outbreak rate of black streaked dwarf virus was lower than 3% in all varieties. Total digestible nutrient(TDN) yield was different among corn varieties(p<0.05), which was higher in P32P75, followed by P2088, P31N27, and KPA. The TDN yield of varieties had direct correlation with stem length, stem diameter and ear yield, respectively(p<0.01). Average of TDN in all varieties was 69.8%. These results suggested that forage corn variety with late-seeding adaptability is more important for increasing the productivity of forage corn If harvesting of winter forage crops have to be finished in the middle ten days of May in middle region of Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2010

Maize double cropping with winter cereals is important for round-year production of forage or grain, and increase of self-sufficiency of upland grain crops such as maize and wheat. Changes of maize growth and yield for forage or grain according to late planting in June for double cropping with winter barely were investigated compared to proper planting in April for three years from 2007 to 2009. Forage and grain yields of maize planted in mid or late June decreased by 20~30% compared to proper planting in April, but total grain yields per year of double cropping increased by 30~40% compared to single cropped maize. Reduction of ear dry matter was less than that of stalk in late planting within maize plant part. Yield reduction by late planting was the least at Kwangpyeongok, which showed the highest grain yield, 850 kg $10a^{-1}$ in even though late planting in June. Meteorological condition during harvesting time of double cropped maize, which in late September (forage) and mid October (grain), were better than that of conventional maize harvesting time which in late August and mid September. It is thought that more researches for double cropped maize for higher grain production is needed in the future.