• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.89 no.5
• /
• pp.677-684
• /
• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of development of root and soil condition and also to elucidate the difference between stands for mechanical and physical stability according to distribution of roots in the Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands of 30 to 40 year of ages with different soil condition. In the root structure, remarkably different root pattern was shown among the three stands; Eberg$\ddot{o}$tzen stand showed large number f roots with much fine roots which deeply in vertical direction while Barbis stands had thicker root and small number of root than Eberg$\ddot{o}$tzen stand. The Weidenbrunnen stand showed differently half-vertical and plate root structure and the root developed not to be deeply compared to the other two stands. In the total number of root, Eberg$\ddot{o}$tzen stand had the most number of 74 and Barbis stand 33, Weidenbrunnen stand 57 respectively. Eberg$\ddot{o}$tzen stand had much more number of vertical root with 57 than the other two stand; Barbis 21 and Weidenbrunnen 36. In the total length of root, Weidenbrunnen stand showed to be longer than the other two stands and the length of horizontal root also showed longer. Regarding to the rates of horizontal root against vertical root, Eberg$\ddot{o}$tzen stand showed comparatively higher value as 1,2 than other two stands(0.5). In the total weight of root, Weidenbrunnen stand showed very high value compared with the other stands and ratio of vertical root against horizontal root was 0,16 which is very lower than the other two stands(0,4). The remarkable differences of root pattern of Norway spruce stands appeared in this study are through to be caused more by chemical property of soil such as acidity den the mechanical or physical factor of soil conditions.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.04a
• /
• pp.103-103
• /
• 2018

홍경천은 일반적으로 해발 2500~4500m에 자생하는 고원식물이다. 현재 중국에 알려진 홍경천의 종류는 대략 38종으로 알려져 있으며 이 가운데 10종이 보건식품으로 사용되어지고 있다. 중국 홍경천의 생육환경은 동북부지방, 서북부지방, 서남부지방으로 구분되어지고 있다. 이 가운데 동북부지방과 티베트 지방을 중심으로 한 서남부지방의 홍경천이 주로 많이 사용되어지고 있다. 이러한 홍경천은 극한의 생육환경으로 고산병 예방, 피로회복, 작업능력향상, 운동능력향상과 세균의 저항력향상, 진정작용과 강심작용, 조혈작용, 항산화작용등이 신경전달물질의 활동을 증진시키어서 스트레스 해소와 치매 및 인지력을 높여준다고 알려져 있다. 따라서 근무 능력을 향상 시킬 뿐만 아니라 수험생들의 집중력에도 좋은 효과를 나타내는걸로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 홍경천의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성을 조사했던 바, 홍경천의 잎과 뿌리에서 양호한 결과를 나타내었으며, 특히 항산화 작용은 뿌리와 잎 추출물에서 양호한 반응을 보였다. 또한 에탄올 추출물 보다 메탄올 추출물 처리구에서 더욱 더 양호한 항산화 활성을 나타났다. 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 홍경천 추출액을 첨가시킨 요구르트를 만들어서 품질을 조사하였던 바 요구르트 성분, 품질과 보존성이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 항산화 활성도 양호한 반응을 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.217-232
• /
• 2018

Drought is a major obstacle to high agricultural productivity, worldwide. In drought, it is usually presented by the simultaneous action of high temperature and drying. Also there are negative effects of plant growth under drying conditions. In this study, the effect of Bacillus velezensis YP2 on plant growth-promotion and soil drying stress tolerance of kale plants, Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey, were investigated under two different conditions; greenhouse and field environments. Root colonization ability of B. velezensis YP2 was also analysed by using plating culture method. As a result of the greenhouse test, the YP2 strain significantly promoted the growth of kale seedlings in increasement of 26.7% of plant height and 142.2% of shoot fresh weight compared to control. B. velezensis YP2 have the mitigation effect of drying injury of kale by decreasing of 39.4% compared to control. In the field test, B. velezensis YP2 strain was also found to be effective for plant growth-promotion and mitigation of drying stress injury on kale plants. Especially, relative water contents (RWC; %) were higher in B. velezensis YP2 treated kales than in control at 7, 10, 14 day after non-watering. The root colonization ability of YP2 strain was continued at least for 21 days after soil drenching treatment of B. velezensis YP2. Our result suggested that enhancement of plant growth and drying injury reduction of kale plants were involved in kale root colonization by B. velezensis YP2, which might be contributed to increasing water availability of plants. Consequentially, the use of B. velezensis YP2 might be a beneficial influence for improving productivity of kale plants under drying stress conditions.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.148-156
• /
• 2016

This study examined effects of Enterobacter ludwigii SJR3 showing a high 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, on growth of tomato plant and its expression of stress-related genes under drought and salt stress. SJR3 strain was inoculated at $10^6cell/g$ soil to 4-week grown tomato plants, and drought and salt stresses were treated. After additional incubation for 1 week, root length, stem length, fresh weight and dry weight of tomato plants treated with SJR3 increased by 37.8, 37.2, 96.8 and 146.6%, respectively compared to those of uninoculated plants in drought stress environment, and they increased by 19.2, 25.4, 19.5, and 105.8%, respectively in salt stress environment. Proline content in tomato leaves increased significantly under stress conditions as one of a protecting substance against stresses, but proline contents in tomato treated with SJR3 decreased by 62.1 and 54.1%, respectively. Relative expression of genes encoding ACC oxidase, ACO1 and ACO4, ethylene response factor genes ERF1 and ERF4, and some other stress-related genes were examined from tomato leaves. Compared to the non-stressed tomato, expressions of all stress-related genes increased significantly in the stressed tomato, but gene expressions in the inoculated tomato were similar to those of no-stressed control tomato. Therefore, E. ludwigii SJR3 may play an important role in mitigating drought and salt stress in plants, and can increase productivity of crops under various abiotic stresses.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.396-399
• /
• 2004

This study was investigated the changes of root length, tissue structure of root tip, and dry matter production of a Dongjinbyeo (DJ) cultivar subjected to 0.4 % agar medium with various concentration of NaCl (salt stress)- and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG, drought stress). Root length and dry weight of DJ plant were declined along the high concentration of PEG and NaCl in rice plants. To elucidate the changes of tissue structure in root tip to PEG- and NaCl-treatments, we examined the microscopic observation of root tip in NaCl- and PEG-treated rice plants using Toluidine blue O. By Toluidine blue O staining, methyl-lignin accumulation was found in the epidermis and outer cortex of the elongation zone at an early stage of PEG treatment, whereas was found only the outer cortex of the elongation zone of NaCl-treated root tip. The epidermis of NaCl-treated root tip became soften instead of methyl-lignin accumulation. TR ratio was increased along the high concentration in PEG- and NaCl-treated rice plant as a result of inhibited root elongation under PEG- and NaCl-treatment. From these morphological changes in root stimulated by drought and salt stress, we suggest that agar medium is useful to identify tolerant variety in germination stage under stressful environments.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.59-62
• /
• 2002

The enzyme sensor for ATPase activity consisted of an immobilized membrane of two enzymes, purine nucloside phosphorylase (NP) and xanthine oxidase (XOD), and oxygen electrode. The $H^ +-ATPase $ rate of the plasma membranes increased by low root temperature. A cucumber and a pumpkin plasma membrane $H^ +-ATPase $$ activities measured by the proposed sensor system were in good agreement with the results obtained by a conventional UV spetrometer assay. One cycle of assay could be completed within 3 minutes.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.267-276
• /
• 2006

To investigate the physiological responses to winter freezing stress naturally occurring, the level of lipid peroxidation and enzymatic antioxidant responses were compared between zoysiagrass and creeping bentgrass during overwintering. Root mortality of creeping bentgrass was significantly higher than zoysiagrass at January. Root growth of creeping bentgrass was nearly parallel with temperature fluctuation, while zoysiagrass showed little changes in root growth until the end of April. Total nonstructural carbohydrate of zoysiauass was 10% higher than creeping bentgrass. Malondialdehyde(MDA) content in creeping bentgrass was 2-fold higher than that of zoysiagrass. The peroxidase(POD) activity of creeping bentgrass in January was 4.2 times higher, while superoxide(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activities lowered 22% and 67%, respectively, compared to zoysiagrass. These results suggest that zoysiagrass roots much properly operate cold tolerance mechanism and: are less susceptible to cold stress in comparison to creeping bentgrass.

• 농업기술회보
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.26-27
• /
• 2013

약용식물 중에는 뿌리에서 쥐 오줌 냄새와 비슷한 특이한 향이 있어 붙여진 이름의 '쥐오줌풀(Valeriana fauriei Briquet, 한약재명 길초근)'이라는 식물이 있다. 천연 신경안정제로 효능이 매우 다양하게 밝혀져 있어 유럽, 미국, 호주 등 전세계적으로 차, 음료, 정제, 분말캡슐, 액상류 등 건강식품 원료로 널리 이용한다. 농촌진흥청에서는 2010년부터 2012년까지 3년 동안 '쥐오줌풀'의 대량번식방법과 직파 또는 육묘이식방법, 심기 적당한 간격과 비료랑, 재배적지 등의 재배기술을 개발하여 농가에서 대량생산할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.24 no.9
• /
• pp.1019-1024
• /
• 2014

Skeletal muscle atrophy can be defined as a decrease in or a disease of the muscle tissue, or as a disorder of the nerves that control the muscle, through injury or lack of use. This condition is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in various muscular disorders. Exposure to ROS induces muscle atrophy through several biological factors, such as SOD1 and HSP70. We found that cymbidium root extract reduced the $H_2O_2$-induced viability loss in C2C12 myoblasts and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, we showed that the cymbidium root extract increased the expression of HSP70 and decreased the expression of SOD1 in the $H_2O_2$-induced C2C12 myoblasts. These results suggest that cymbidium root extract might have therapeutic value in reducing ROS-induced muscle atrophy.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.183-191
• /
• 2011

This study was undertaken to collect basic knowledge of Jatropha which is one of bio-energy crops, based on the understanding of physiological and molecular aspects under salt and drought conditions. The treatments were followed as: 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl for salt stress and 5, 10, 20 and 30% PEG for drought stress for 8 days, respectively. Leaf growth, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence and gene expression of aquaporin (JcPIP2) of Jatropha were investigated. From 2 days after treatments, plants treated with higher than 100 mM NaCl and 10% PEG respectively were significantly suppressed in leaf length, width, and stomatal conductance, but 5% PEG treatment showed that plant growth was improved more than control plant. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that the JcPIP2 gene was expressed in root, stem, cotyledon and leaves. It was not detected in leaves at 200 and 300 mM NaCl treatments. However, transcripts of JcPIP2 were induced in roots and stems under salt and drought conditions compared to those of healthy plants. Therefore, it was concluded that JcPIP2 plays an important role in improving drought tolerance.