• Proceedings of The Korean Cleft Lip And Palate Association
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2003

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 1985

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.187-189
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• 2003

제목 음도 고정시 강도변화 <음도> Vocal Pitch 정상성인의 비음도 저항(Impedance)$\rightarrow$임피던스, Jitter : 주파수의 섭동정도 cycle to cycle frequency perturbation, 주기적 펄스파형의 폭, 주파수, 위상이 잡음 등에 의해 정상위치를 약간 벗어나는 현상 또는 변도량을 말한다. Shimmer : 진폭의 섭동정도 (중략)

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.96-96
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• 1996

구개인두부전증(velopharyngeal insufficiency, VPI)에 의한 발음이상을 평가하는 방법에는 여러 가지 방법이 개발되어 왔으나 비강측정기(nasometry)에 의한 비성수치(naslance score)의 측정과 spectrography에 의한 음향분석이 최근 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실험적으로 유발한 VPI군의 음향학적 결과와 비강측정기의 결과를 정상군과 비교함으로써 VPI환자의 보다 정확하고 객관적인 평가의 방법과 지표를 얻고자 하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.182-182
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• 1999

Nasometer를 통해 얻은 비음치(nasalance score)는 객관적일 뿐만 아니라 훈련된 언어임상가가 청지각적으로 판단한 비음도와 상관관계가 높기 때문에, 공명장애 진단의 보조자료로 유용하다. 그러나 비음치는 자극어에 따라 다양한 수치를 보이므로 공명장애의 진단을 위해서는 타당하고 신비로운 자극어의 개발이 요구되고 있다 따라서 본 연구는 비음치에 영향을 미치는 주요한 음운 환경이 무엇인지 살펴보고, 무의미 1음절어와 유의미 문장 자극어 중 어떤 것이 더 신뢰로운지 알아보아, 비음치 측적을 위한 자극어 개발에 기초를 마련하고자 하였다. (중략)

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 1985

This study was conducted to determine the effects of shade (full day light; 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20%) and fertilization levels (high; $N\;30kg-P_2O_5\;35kg-K_2O\;30kg$, moderate; $N\;20kg-P_2O_5\;25kg-K_2O\;20kg$, and low; $N\;10kg-P_2O_5\;15kg-K_2O\;10kg$) of forest pasture on intake palatability of Korean native goat, and the effects of shade under the conditions of 50% shaded forest pasture and full day light pastures on grazing behavior. This experiment was done at the experimental field of Chungnam National University, in Taejon, from 1983 to 1984. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The dry matter intake, R.I.I. and Touch number of Korean native goat were affected by the shade degrees and fertilization levels, generally the increase of the fertilization level and high shading degree increased the NO_3-N$ contents in the plants, but decreased the soluble carbohydrate contents. It means that the decrease of the utilization of the shade culture grasses is due to the decreased intake palatability of forest pastures, particularly the conditions high fertilization level and above 60% of shading level seemed to have a nitrate stress. 2. Grazing time of forest pastures by Korean native goat tended to be spend more time than full day light pastures, also tendency of the major grazing activity tended to be graze continuously without difference of variation of grazing time within a day. Considering of the characteristies os shade, the intensive utilization of forest pastures seemed to be most effective during the high temperature season in August.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.105-110
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• 2002

This study compared nasalance in low pressure and high pressure consonants and high and low vowels. The subjects were 8 children with cleft palate ranging from 3 years 6 months to 8 years in age. The measurement were taken in terms of the nasalance scores associated with 20 different word stimuli (high consonants+high vowels, high consonants+low vowels, low consonants+high vowels, and low consonants+low vowels) for subjects. The nasalance scores may be affected by high consonants and vowels types, low vowels and consonants types.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.73-82
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• 2000

The perceptual judgement of nasality is still used in the assessment of velopharyngeal incompetence, but it should not be the sole criterion for speech nasality. Objective procedures may be used to assess velopharyngeal function, for example, nasometer, aerodynamics, x-ray, electromyography, nasoendoscopy, and videofluoroscopy can be utilized. The nasometer employs noninvasive measurement methods and measures with high levels of accuracy. The aim of this study was to obtain comprehensive nasalance data for Korean children, aged 7 years, and to investigate any gender differences within that age group. The results were as follow: 1. Statistically, gender has no significant effect on the nasalance of vowels /a/, /i/, /o/, /u/, /je/, /wi/) but the nasalance of the vowels /e/, /ja/) was higher in males (p<0.05). 2. There was no statistically significant effect of gender in plosives /p/, /ph/, /p'/, /t/, /th/, /t'/, /k/, /kh/, /k'/), affricatives /c/, /ch/, /c'/), and fricatives /s/, /s'/, /$\int$/). 3. The nasalance of the nasal consonants, /m/, /n/, /an/) is higher in males and only /n/, /an/ were statistically significant (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2010

Background and Objectives : This study was designed to examine the effect of nasal cavity surgery on voice in terms of nasalance by using subjective test, Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Nasometer and compare the pre op and post op results among patiets with nasal cavity disease. Materials and Method : From April 2009 to November 2009, data of thirty one patients who underwent nasal cavity surgery were prospectively evaluated. 24 males and 7 females with age range between 12 years to 80 years old (average 34 years old) were chosen. VAS was questioned to patients group before, after 1 week, after 1 month, and after 3 months from the surgery. Nasometer, was also conducted. Results: After the surgery symptoms like nasal obstruction, mouth breath, snoring, and sleep apnea were all improved. Improvements for nasal obstruction and mouth breath were observed statistically in post operative day (POD) 1 month and POD 3 months. Also snoring was improved statistically in POD 1 month. Objective nasalance test showed increases in a single and double vowel for POD 3 months. Only /je/ sound statistically-significant increased in all post operative periods. Nasalance increase were observed in other test results. Conclusion : All the symptoms are improved after nasal cavity surgery. Also there are some nasalance changes during whole period of study and return to the pre operative state in POD 3 months. Therefore, patients must be warned and understood about nasalance changes, and surgeons need to aware of various facts, which can affect voice changes before the surgery.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.253-253
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• 1997

비폐색이 있는 경우 음성이 변하는 것을 쉽게 느낄 수 있지만, 비폐색 때의 음향학적인 특성에 대하여 알려진 바를 찾기는 쉽지 않다. 저자들은 인위적으로 비폐색을 유발하여 비폐색 부위에 따른 비강자음의 음향학적 변화특성을 파악하고 비음도의 변화 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 정상비음도를 보이는 성인남녀 각 10명을 대상으로, 2ml의 부피를 갖도록 수술용장갑에 Merocel$^{\circledR}$을 넣은 뒤, 이를 이용하여 ostiomeatal unit(OMU)을 중심으로 전후상하 4부위의 인위적인 비폐색을 유발하여, 비폐색 전과 후의 부위에 빠른 차이틀 비교하였다. /나나/의 발성을 각 조건에서 3회 실시하여, 모음중간의 /ㄴ/중 (CVCV) 안정된 spectorgram소견을 보이는 부위를 선택하여, 해당구간의 제1, 제2, 제3 음형대와 각각의 bandwidth 평균값을 남녀별로 비교하였고, 표준비음비율이 알려진 rabbit, baby, mama 문장을 이용하여 비음비율을 비교하였다. 남녀모두 비폐색전에 비하여 OMU의 앞쪽부위를 막은 경우에 제1음형대가 가장 뚜렷하게 감소되었으며, 비음비율의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 비폐색이 있는 경우, 비강자음 /ㄴ/은 제1음형대를 중심으로 주요변화가 일어남을 알 수 있었으며, 비폐색 부위에 따라 비음비율이나 제1음형대 감소의 정도가 다름을 알 수 있었다.