• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2023

2020년 기준 우리나라 전체 지하수 시설은 총 1,659천개소, 이용량은 2,916백만m³/년, 년간 지하수 개발가능량은 130억m³대비 22.3%이다(환경부 등, 2021). 단위면적당 지하수 시설수와 이용량은 16.8개소/km², 29,168m³/년/km²(81.1m3/일/km²)이다. 이러한 자료는 가뭄 대응시 신규 관정 개발도 필요하지만, 기존에 개발된 관정들을 최대한 효율적으로 활용하는 방안을 우선적으로 고려해야 한다는 것을 시사한다. 관정들을 상호 연계하게 되면 여러 개의 관정에서 나오는 물을 합하여 총량을 늘릴 수 있기 때문에, 가뭄 등 비상시에 일시적으로 다량의 물을 공급할 수 있다. 또한, 평상시에도 적절한 양수량 조절을 통해 지하수 자원의 손실을 막고 수위 저하에 의한 문제를 최소화할 수 있다. 관정연계시스템(well network system, WNS)은 기존 관정들을 가상의(virtually) 또는 물리적(physical) 연계를 하여, 최적의 지하수를 공급할 수 있는 시스템으로 정의할 수 있다. 가뭄 대응 및 효율적 지하수 자원 활용을 위한 관정연계시스템 개발과 실증을 위해 홍성군 서부면 양곡리 일대에 양수제어, 관로시설, 물탱크 등 물리적인 시설을 시험 설치하여 운영하고 있다. 또한, 관정연계시스템은 ICT 기술과 지하수관리 기법을 연동하여 지하수 관정들을 연계하고 최적으로 운영할 수 있는 하나의 의사결정시스템으로서 관정연계 플랫폼을 개발하였다. 관정연계 플랫폼은 웹기반으로 개발되었으며, 대수층의 수리지질 특성, 수요에 기반한 물공급량 평가, 관정 연계 시나리오 및 최적 운영 알고리즘, 지하수 모델링 등이 가능하도록 각각의 모듈들이 구성 및 통합·운영 되도록 설계되었다. 본 시스템 개발을 통해 가뭄 발생시 현장에서 신속히 지하수로 물을 공급할 수 있으며, 신규 관정 개발에 드는 비용을 절약할 수 있고, 기존 시설을 활용하기 때문에 새로운 수자원 건설 인프라 구축 비용도 절감할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 개별관정에 대한 이용률 제고와 지하수관리도 보다 체계적, 과학적으로 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 하지만, 이러한 시스템이 제대로 운영 및 보급되기 위해서는 관정연계와 관련한 법제도적 보완과 함께, 지역사회의 공적자원으로서의 지하수에 대한 인식개선과 지하수의 개발 및 보전, 적합한 합리적 배분·이용 등 적극적인 협조가 이루어져야 한다.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a hands-on training regarding maritime safety including abandon ship and fire-fighting as related to sea survival, fire-fighting knowledge and emergency response leadership in seafarers engaged on a seagoing ship. The study was conducted with a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design. Two hundred-sixty-six participants were assigned to either the experimental group(128) or control group(138). The hands-on training regarding maritime safety included sea survival and fire fighting drill, and it was implemented with the experimental group for two days from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. Data was analyzed using chi-square, t-test and ANCOVA by using IBM SPSS Statistics(version 24) program. The experimental group who had the hands-on training showed significantly higher sea survival knowledge(F=902.32, p<.001), shipboard fire-fighting knowledge(F=1013.76, p<.001) and emergency response leadership(F=1802.62, p<.001) for maritime safety compared with the control group who had traditional education. The results indicate that a hands-on training is an effective teaching method to improve sea survival, fire-fighting knowledge and emergency response leadership in seafarers engaged. Further study is needed to identify the effect of a hands-on training regarding maritime safety according to the environmental changes of seafarers.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2018

Recently, the use of hazardous chemicals has been continuously increasing. Therefore, the international trade volume is growing and chemical accidents have increased. Nowadays, the safety awareness of the public has increased. As a result, the management and supervision of hazardous chemicals have been strengthened. However, the port policy of Korea has focused on increasing the volume of cargo through facility development. Thus, the port management of hazardous chemicals has been relatively neglected. For national economic growth and society, the port management of hazardous chemicals should be considered to efficiently ensure safety and economic growth. Therefore, this study assumed scenarios where hazardous materials were moved in a dangerous container, not only on appropriate wharfs but also in ports that were close to a big city. The BTX substances were selected among the toxic chemicals with large import and export volumes, and the risk distance and damage effects were predicted using various risk assessment programs. It is expected that this could be used to improve a port safety management system and could be utilized to determine the safety distance in case of an accident.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

Aqueous ammonia is widely used in household cleaners, fertilizers and denitrification process. It is usually treated in concentrations from 10 % to 30 %, and release accidents have occurred frequently. In this study, we developed a simplified estimating method and equation to calculate threat zone easily in case of emergency due to release accident of aqueous ammonia. We calculated the consequence distance for toxic endpoints of aqueous ammonia(concentration 10 % ~ 30 %) at different puddle areas($1m^2{\sim}500m^2$) using the ALOHA program. Based on the result, we analyzed the relationship between concentration and puddle area with the threat zone and created the equation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.582-585
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• 2016

This study intends to provide initial evacuation distances for the public in case of accidental releases of hydrogen fluoride (HF). HF is a very toxic chemical that is widely used in the chemical, electrical, and electronics industries. Consequence modeling programs, such as ALOHA and PHAST, were used to help formulate a contingency plan in case of an HF leak. For the purpose of this study, the release of entire quantity of HF in 10 min is defined as a worst-case scenario and the release from a partial line rupture is used as an alternative case scenario as National Institute of Chemical Safety (NICS) guidelines. Once the discharge rates were calculated based on the scenarios, the ERPG-2 endpoint distances have been obtained for representative daytime and nighttime weather conditions. This paper presents graphs that can be used to enact swift evacuation orders and emergency response plans in the case of accidental releases of HF.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.165-172
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• 2010

Communication problems have been regarded as one of the biggest causes in trouble in many industries. This led to extensive research on communication as a part of human error analysis. The results of existing researches have revealed that maintaining a good quality of communication is essential to secure the safety of a large and complex process system. In this paper, we suggested a method to measure the quality of communication during off-normal situation in main control room of nuclear power plants. It evaluates the cosine similarity that is a measure of sentence similarity between two operators by finding the cosine of the angle between them. To check the applicability of the method to evaluate communication quality, we compared the result of communication quality analysis with the result of operation performance that was performed by operators under simulated environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 2021

COVID-19 is threatening the safety of ships and seafarers by delaying seafarer rotation. Shipping companies and governments have a blindspot in case of the onboard environment of seafarers. An effective, alternative plan should be devised to eliminate the possibility of human accidents in an emergency that threatens the safety of seafarers. According to the survey of former and current seafarers, the most important factor in boarding life was safety, and the most necessary thing during emergencies was to secure smooth seafarer rotation rather than improve wages and welfare. By analyzing the major routes of national shipping companies by continent, ports with a large number of calls and a high Air Connectivity Index were selected as the base port. In addition, the route was designed for effective, domestic seafarer rotation during international shipping. Other countries must be consulted to establish a travel route linking ships, ports, and airports for the safe return of sailors to their home countries during an emergency. In addition, it is necessary to work together for the seafarers who are in trouble of seafarer rotation through cooperation with the International Maritime Organization(IMO). Starting with this, the government should have a monitoring system for the return and non-return routes as well as the number of seafarers on board. If such a system is established, it will be able to determine the response direction of our country's policy in case of an emergency. Along with the shipping company's ef orts to improve the treatment of seafarers, national and social attention will be needed to review domestic laws and improve awareness about seafarers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2017

This study conducted a survey to evaluate the disaster response capability of coastal residents and analyzed the characteristics. For the sampling process, nonrandom sampling method was used. Sample size is 4,520 and sample error is ${\pm}1.5%p$ at 95% confidence level. As a result of the survey, 72% and 68% of the respondents said that they recognized the emergency contact network and listened to the disaster broadcast. On the other hand, 17% and 18% said that they organized the local voluntary disaster prevention teams and participated in disaster preparedness training. In addition, male's disaster response capability was higher than female's, and first aid techniques and participation in disaster preparedness training were higher in teens and twenties. By occupation, public official possess the highest response capability. By region, it was high in the East coast and low in the South coast. It is necessary that the authorities improve the national disaster preparedness training and publicity to enhance the coastal disaster response capability of coastal residents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.54-62
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• 2020

Watching the leakage accident of the Gumi Hube Global AHF(Anhydrous fluoric Acid), I experienced how much chemical accidents affect on our society. Since then, many studies have been conducted on chemical accident in many fields. The use department wanted to find improvement plans for the process system and apply them to the field. The safety field wanted to study improvement of safety through the analysis of damage effects and apply them to emergency response to reduce damage effects. In this study, Mechanical safe devices have been applied which can respond quickly to chemical accidents occurring during the charging operation to enhance the safety of the AFH ISO Tank(Anhydrous fluoric Acid International Organization for Standardization Tank). Investigation of similar tanks confirmed that other chlorine tanks with the same working procedure as AHF ISO Tank have a mechanical safety device, EFV(Excess Flow Valve). Applicability and performance for emergency shutdown when EFV is introduced in AHF ISO Tank can be verified by comparing and examining the accident situation of Hube Global Accident and the accident in Ulsan 2018. Comparing accident cases, expected performance and applicability, It is suggested that EFV, a mechanical safety device that can reduce damage from chemical accidents to the tank and handle accidents early, should be introduced to the tank.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.191-201
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• 2022

In this study, we are going to derive problems for fire and safety management in multiple-user Buildings and suggest improvement measures to prevent recurrence through analysis of legal operation status for safety management of multiple-user Buildings and case studies of large-scale fires in multiple-user Buildings. For this study, first, the current state of the industry and fire occurrence status were investigated through theoretical considerations of the multi-use industry, and then the previous research on the multi-use industry was analyzed. and by analyzing the legal and institutional status of multiple-user Buildings, problems were derived through cases such as the Jecheon fire in Chungcheongbuk-do, the Inhyeon-dong fire in Incheon, and the Songpa-gu fire in Seoul. As a result, first, the necessity of strengthening the initial fire response capability. Second, thorough maintenance and management of emergency exits. Third, the need for rational regulation of upholstery. Fourth, reinforcement of fire safety education and training. Fifth, strengthening of installation standards for firefighting and safety facilities. Sixth, we derive the result that it is necessary to raise awareness about safety management, compare and analyze it with legal and institutional contents, and suggest solutions accordingly. When looking at the causes of fires in multi-use buildings, building owners, business owners, and employees think that there is no possibility of a fire occurring in their business premises, so there is a lack of awareness. It is necessary to raise awareness through education and publicity of firefighters and related administrative agencies.