• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.343-347
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• 2007

Cascade Stomach is commonly found in obese patients. This study examined the physical factors, such as gender, age, height, weight and level of obesity, associated with a cascade stomach. Over a 12 month period between 2007 a series upper gastrointestinal examinations were carried out on 3,320 people, which included 564 patients with a Cascade Stomach. The results are as follows : 1. A cascade stomach was observed in 564(16.9%) out of 3,320 subjects. 2. A body mass index(BMI) > 120% was observed in 226 of the 564 cascade stomach patients. 3. Among those with a BMI > 120, 63.7% were female, 45.6% were aged between 50-59 years, 49.1% were between 151-160 cm in height and 31.0% were above 76 kg in weight. 4. The symptoms observed in the cascade stomach and obesity groups were subclinical(62.6% and 57.5%, respectively), dyspepsia(16.8% and 17.3%, respectively) and gastric soreness(10.8% and 15.0%, respectively). The incidence of a cascade stomach is higher in those with obesity. In addition, there is a higher incidence in females, those aged between 50 and 59, those between 151 and 160 cm in height and those weighing more than 76 kg. The main symptoms observed were subclinical, followed in order by dyspepsia and gastric soreness. This study showed a strong association between a cascade stomach and obesity. However, more studies will be needed to confirm this.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.2
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• pp.293-296
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• 2002

UP Link is One of the commercial product which converts HTML to HDML convertor in order to show the internet www contents in the mobile environments. When UP browser accesses HTML pages, the agent in the UP Link controls the converter to change the HTML to the HDML, I-Mode, which is developed by NTT-Docomo of Japan, has many contents through the long and stable commercial service. Micro Explorer, which is developed by Stinger project, also has many additional function. In this paper, we designed and implemented WAP convertor which can accept C-HTML contents and mHTML contents. C-HTML format by I-Mode is a subset of HTML format, mHTML format by ME is similar to C-HTML, So the content provides can easily develop C-HTML contents compared with WAP and the other case. Since C-HTML, mHTML and WML are used under the mobile environment, the limited transmission capacity of one page is also similar. In order to make a match table. After that, we apply conversion algorithm on it. If we can not find matched element, we arrange some tags which only can be supported by WML to display in the best shape. By the result, we can convert over 90% contents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2019

Recent studies reported that obesity upregulated the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and regulated particular behavior patterns in animal models. They also reported that ameliorated the increase in nNOS expression and decreased depression and anxiolytic effects. Thus, exercise seems to be an effective strategy for improving brain function by downregulating nNOS. However, the immune response differs greatly, depending on the exercise intensity. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in brain nNOS expression in obese C57BL/6 mice that performed exercise of different intensities. Obesity was induced in 6-wks-old mice (n=35) by feeding a 60%-fat diet for 6-wks. A control (CON) group (n=14) was fed a normal diet. At the end of the induction 6-wks period of obesity, seven animals in the CON group and obesity-induced group were sacrificed to confirm obesity induction (preliminary experiments and confirmation of visceral fat accumulation). The remaining animals were then used in an 8-wks exercise intervention. Other than the CON (n=7), the obesity-induced animals were divided into the following groups: high-fat diet (HFD, n=7), HFD-low intensity (HFD-LI, n=7, 12 m/min for 75 min), HFD-moderate intensity (HFD-MI, n=7, 15 m/min for 60 min), and HFD-high intensity (HFD-HI, n=7, 18 m/min for 50 min). The exercise was performed on an animal treadmill. The expression of the nNOS protein in the hippocampus was significantly higher in the HFD group as compared with that in the CON group (p<0.01). However, there was no difference in the hippocampal expression of the nNOS protein in the other exercise groups as compared with that in the CON group. In contrast, nNOS expression in the HFD-HI group was significantly lower than that in the HFD-LI group (p<0.05). The expression of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) was significantly higher in all the exercise groups as compared with that in the CON and HFD groups. There was no difference in the expression of pAkt in the cerebral cortex among groups, and the expression of pAkt in the cerebellum was significantly higher in the HFD-HI group as compared with that in the CON group (p<0.05). There were also no between-group differences in pAkt expression in the cerebellum among the various exercise groups. In conclusion, nNOS seems to be overexpressed in response to obesity, and it appears to be downregulated by exercise. Relatively high-intensity exercise may be effective in improving brain function by downregulating nNOS.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.837-844
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify fat distribution and blood pressure according to anthropometric change patterns between NIDDM patients and control subjects. Methods: Cross-sectionally 167 NIDDM patients and 87 controls were studied. Previous maximal body weight and acute weight loss was obtained. Current height, body weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio(WHR), skinfold thicknesses(abdomen, subscapular & triceps), and blood pressure was measured. Three anthropometric change patterns were categorized by BMI changes from the maximum lifetim's BMI to the current time (obese-obese, obese-nonobese and nonobese-nonobese: obese: BMI$\geq$25kg/m$^2$, nonobese: BMI<25kg/m$^2$). The data was analyzed by $X^2$, t-test, age adjusted ANCOVA and Least Squares Means(LSM) for multiple comparison. Result: Acute body weight loss(p=0.01), anthropometric change types (p=0.001), WHR (p=0.05), and skinfold thickness (p=0.002) of NIDDM were significantly higher than those of the controls. The mean arterial pressure, WHR and skinfold thicknesses were greater in both obese-obese and obese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects compared with both nonobese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects. (all p's<0.05). Conclusion: NIDDM patients had more central and upper body adiposicity. Also both obese-obese and obese-nonobese NIDDM and control subjects had higher mean arterial pressures and central body obesity.

• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2023

Nutrition counseling and dietary intervention are essential to obesity management because weight reduction is the consequence of negative energy balance. The first step of the nutrition counseling in patients with obesity is thorough evaluation of the nutritional status. During the nutritional evaluation, amount of energy consumption, dietary habits, and medical and socioeconomic factors influencing diets should be evaluated. Diet interventions including low calorie diet, low fat diet, low carbohydrate diet, and high protein diet are all effective in weight reduction as long as decrease in energy consumption is accompanied. Amount of energy restriction and choice of diet interventions should be individualized based the medical condition and characteristics of each patient.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2008

Abdominal obesity, especially, visceral obesity is thought to be a risk factor of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease. Based on previous studies visceral fat accumulation is highly related to these diseases compared to subcutaneous fat accumulation. The purpose of this study was to see the relation between abdominal obesity and lipid profiles in adult women. The included subjects were 25 adult women(BMI > $23\;kg/m^2$), who visited the obesity clinic in a general hospital from April 2006 to September 2007. Blood pressure, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The abdominal fat distribution had been assessed by CT scan at the level of L4-L5. From bivariate analyses, the visceral fat accumulation showed negative correlations with TC and TC/HDL. The BMI, total abdominal fat and Visceral fat/Subcutaneous fat ratio showed significant correlations with visceral fat accumulation. From linear regression analyses of all the study subjects, TC, TG and HDL were found to be determinants of the visceral fat accumulation($R^2\;=\;0.474$).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.714-729
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• 2023

Purpose: Since the coronavirus pandemic, the number of obese people has increased, and accelerated aging has been reported, particularly among young population. Therefore, this study analyzed the dietary habits of university students according to their risk of obesity to provide data for improving their eating habits. Methods: Ninety students at Daegu Catholic University were surveyed for their eating habits and photo-enhanced meal intake. The obesity risk was categorized as normal if the body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (PBF) were normal, at-risk if both indicated overweight or obese, obesity in BMI alone were analyzed as BMI group and those with obesity in percent body fat alone were analyzed as PBF group. Results: There were 23 (25.5%) in the normal group, 10 (11.1%) in the BMI group, 24 (26.7%) in the PBF group and 33 (36.7%) in the at-risk group. The dietary survey showed that the risk groups had lower consumption frequencies of vegetables (p < 0.05) than the normal group, had less sleep time (p < 0.05) and higher frequency of fast food consumption (p < 0.001). The intake of vegetables was significantly higher in the normal group than in the risk group (p < 0.05). In terms of the daily nutrient intake, there was no significant difference in energy intake according to the obesity risk, but the intakes of dietary fiber (p < 0.01), vitamin A (p < 0.01), vitamin C (p < 0.01) were higher in the normal group than in the risk groups. Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to consider the BMI and percent body fat together to diagnose obesity and provide nutrition education and counseling.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.240
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• pp.35-35
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• 2009

베타세포 손상 및 비만 등 제 2형 당뇨병의 근본적인 원인을 치료해 줄 인슐린 유사체가 개발됐다. 도마뱀의 타액성분을 합성시켜 만든 한국릴리의 '바이에타'는 엑세나타이드를 주성분으로, 인크레틴계열 호르몬인 GLP-1과 유사한 작용을 갖고 있다. 국내에서는 지난해 6월 식품의약품안전청으로부터 승인을 받고 같은 해 11월 출시됐다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.680-687
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• 2017

Recently, there has been a marked increase in the use of bioactive products resulting from the fermentation of natural substances by microorganisms. In this study, Opuntia humifusa (OH) was fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum (fermented Opuntia humifusa; fOH). We then examined the anti-obesity effect of fOH in mice fed a 45% Kcal high fat diet (HFD). In this study, mice were treated with fOH concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. The mice in the control group were treated with OH at a concentration of 400 mg/kg based on previous animal experiments. All of the mice given a continuous HFD showed an increase in their weight, the density of abdominal fat, and the accumulated periovaric and abdominal fat. All of these obesity-linked factors, however, were significantly decreased in the groups treated with fOH at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Mice treated with fOH at 100 mg/kg did not show a significant decrease in these obesity-linked factors compared to the control group. It appears that fOH fermented by L. plantarum has a greater anti-obesity effect in HFD-supplied mice compared to unfermented OH. While further studies of fOH are needed to examine its effect on obesity, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, renal function, and type II diabetes with its relevant complications, fOH may have significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and periodontitis in the Korean population. Methods: This study utilized data from 9,191 participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was defined as a CPI score of 3 or 4. Physical activity was assessed by the trained interviewer using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). IPAQ-SF is composed of vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, and walking activity. Multivariable logistic regression analyses and stratified analyses by obesity were performed. All analyses were conducted separately for males and females. Results: Females who engaged in vigorous and moderate physical activity had a 28% (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54 - 0.95) and 34% (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.44 - 0.98) lower risk of periodontitis, respectively. In obese females, moderate physical activity in obese had a 65% lower risk of periodontitis (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18 - 0.67). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that moderate-intensity physical activity was inversely associated with a lower risk of periodontitis. In obese females, moderate physical activity had an independent inverse association with periodontitis.