• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.81-87
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of electrical stimulation on the number of MCs and percent of degranulated MCs in rat skin. Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two group; electrical stimulation group (n=6) and control group (n=6). Each animals hair on the back was removed. The electrical stimulation group received an positive rectangular pulsed electrical stimulation, while the control group was given the same treatment without electricity. The biopsy specimens were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin and stained with toluidine blue-nuclear fast red and alcian blue-safranin O. respectively. The MCs were counted using a light microscope and computerized image analysis system and calculated as the density and the percent. A t-test showed a significantly higher density of MCs in the electrical stimulated rats than control rats(p<0.05), and the percent of degranulated MCs in the electrical stimulated rats was higher than in the control rats (p<0.05) in toluidine blue stained sections. The density of MCs was significantly higher in the electrical stimulated rats than the control rats in alcian blue-safranin O Stained sections (P<0.01). An analysis of variance showed that the densities of CTMCs was significantly lower than the densities of MMCs and mixed MCs in electrical stimulated rat in alcian blue-safranin O Stained sections (p<0.05). These results suggest that the electrical stimulation may have potential for increasing the number of MCs and lead to degranulate the MCs in rat skin.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.97-100
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• 2005

Mast cells have been studied extensively in various animals including rats and mice, whereas little is known the morphological data about pheasant mast cells. Here, morphological features of Korean pheasant mast cells are described in this study using light and electron microscopes. For light microscopy, mast cells had many metachromatic granules stained with toluidine blue in the cytoplasm. The fixation with $10\%$ neutral buffered formalin blocked staining of most mast cells but a modified Karnovsky solution proved to be a good fixative. In Korean pheasants, toluidine blue stained more mast cells than did alcian blue. For electron microscopy, the mast cells of the Korean pheasant were round, oval, spindle-like and irregular form and occasionally had a few short cytoplasmic processes. These cells had membrane-bounded granules and poorly developed organells. Some granules in the cytoplasm of the mast cells had bilayer membrane. Most granules were round shape and the membrane of several granules was concave or convex. The granules were composed of three parts, homogenous, particulate and reticular pattern.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2008

Mast cells containing a variety of mediators in their cytoplasmic granules are widely distributed in connective tissues and mucosal surfaces of skin, airways, and guts. Within these tissues, mast cells are involved in the pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, self-defense, tissue-remodeling, and autoimmunity. In order to understand the functional roles of master cells in the uterus, we histologically examined the distribution and density of uterine mast cells in the different aged mice. Until 6 weeks mast cells were sparsely detected in the uterus. But at 7 weeks after birth, when estrous cycle begins, the number of mast cells within uterine tissues increased dramatically and the increment of mast cell density continued up to 32 weeks-age. After then, uterine glandular tissue degenerated gradually and density of uterine mast cell decreased. Uterine mast cells were mainly found in the myometrium and they were closely associated with smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and collagens, which contents were changed according to the uterine development in the myometrium. These results suggest that uterine mast cells could be involved in myometrial contractions mediated by smooth muscle cells and tissue reconstitution or remodeling during estrous cycle and parturition including the various immunological functions.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2012

We examined the distribution of uterine mast cells in cycling mice of different ages between 7 weeks and 38 weeks by toluidine blue staining. Mast cell density increased gradually depending on the age and culminated at 30 weeks after birth. Of the estrous stages, uteruses at metestrus showed markedly higher density of mast cells than those at the other stages in cycling mice of all ages analysed in this study and the majority of the mast cells were found in myometrium. We also discriminated types of the uterine mast cells in cycling mice at 10 weeks old by Alcian blue-safranin double staining. Mucosal type was most abundant among three types, including connective-tissue types and mixed types, through the entire estrous cycles. The portion of mixed types increased slightly after estrous. The abundance of uterine collagen protein determined by Masson trichrome staining was exactly consistent with the density distribution of the uterine mast cells during estrous cycles. Taken together, these results may imply that uterine mucosal mast cells, together with collagen proteins, are heavily involved in tissue remodeling of cycling mouse uterus.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2001

Dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP), recently isolated from the venom of the green Mamba snake Dendroaspis angusticeps, is a 38-amino acid peptide containing a 17-amino acid disulfide ring structure similar to that of the natriuretic peptide family. The natriuretic peptide family was known to induce histamine release from human and rat mast cells, but there are no published data concerning the effects of DNP on histamine release from mast cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether DNP induces the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RMPCs) and to determine the mechanism of DNP-induced histamine release from RPMCs. After treatment of the various doses of DNP in RPMCs, the mast cell degranulation was observed with inverted microscopy and the histamine release was measured by radio-enzymatic assay. Calcium uptake and intracellular cyclic GMP level were measured by radioimmunoassays. DNP induced the mast cell degranulation. DNP released the histamine and increased the calcium uptake and the level of intracellular cyclic GMP of RPMCs, in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that DNP is capable of inducing histamine release from RPMCs by increasing of calcium uptake and intracellular cyclic GMP level.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.181-185
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• 2005

Mast cell distribution was quantified in acidified toluidine blue sections of normal skin from 8 different sites in 10 dogs and compared to the predilection sites of canine atopic dermatitis. Mast cell counts varied significantly from site to site (p<0.0001) and counts in the superficial dennis were significantly higher than the deeper dennis (p<0.05). The highest mast cells distribution sites were the concave surface of the ear (mean $74.88{\pm}17.93\;per\;mm^{2}$) and the interdigital skin of the forefeet (mean $28.326{\pm}6.24\;per\;mm^{2}$). Counts in these sites were $280\%$ higher than all the other sites. Our results may provide some evidence that cutaneous mast cell distribution may be a factor in the frequent occurrence of ear and foot pruritus in atopic dermatitis. However, the low mast cell count in the predilection sites of atopic dermatitis did not explain the common occurrence of atopic lesions. Therefore, other factors or more complicated pathogenesis may be correlated with these predilection sites.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1348-1354
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• 2008

mi transcription factor (MITF) is important in regulating the differentiation of mast cells. In particular, MITF regulates the transcription of the mouse mast cell-specific serine protease (mMCP)-6 gene, which is generally expressed by the connective tissue-type of mast cells. In this study, we investigated alternative isoforms of MITF that regulate transcription of the mMCP-6 gene in bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells in mice. The expression of MITF isoforms was examined by RT-PCR. We observed that MITF-A, -E, -H and -Mc were expressed by mucosal-type mast cells cultured in the presence of IL-3, whereas the connective tissue-type mast cells cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) expressed MITF-A. Overexpression of MITF isoforms increased luciferase activity through the mMCP-6 promoter in NIH-3T3 cells and elevated the level of mMCP-6 expression in the MC/9 mast cell line. Moreover, mMCP-6 expression in mast cells was significantly inhibited by the depletion of MITF. The transcriptional activity and DNA binding of MITF-A was comparable to that of MITF isoforms, including MITF-E, -H, and -Mc. Our results therefore suggest that MITF-A may be an important isoform of MITF in regulating the transcription of mMCP-6 in mouse connective tissue mast cells.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.5-9
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• 2005

비만은 제2형 당뇨병, 심혈관계 질환, 그리고 암을 비롯해 각종 질병의 위험인자로 작용한다. 비만은 낮은 수준의 전신성 염증상태로 간주되며, 비만시 증가하는 염증성 분자는 제2형 당뇨병 또는 동맥경화등의 비만성 질병 발생과정에 깊이 관여한다. 따라서, 염증제어는 비만성 질환제어를 위해 매우 중요하다. 지방세포 비대에 따른 지방세포 기능이상은 아디포사이토카인의 분비 이상을 초래하고, 비만성 질환의 발생 및 촉진자로 작용한다. 비만환자에게서의 MCP-1과 같은 염증성 아디포사이토카인의 분비 제어는 비만성 질환을 예방하거나, 또는 질병 발생 및 진행을 지연시키는 전략적 가치가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 지방세포가 분비하는 케모카인 가운데 MCP-1은 비대한 지방조직내로의 대식세포의 침윤 및 활성화를 유도하며, 특히 비대한 지방조직에서의 염증반응을 증폭시키는 역할을 한다. MCP-1은 내 장지 방조직에서 특히 그 분비량이 높았고, 따라서, 복부비만 관련 질환의 타겟분자로서 가치가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 또한, MCP-1 작용을 저해하는 항염증성 phytochemical은 비만으로 인한 염증성 질환의 발생을 지연시키거나, 즉 예방적인 차원에서 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.174-180
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• 2013

연구목적 : 자극성 섬유종은 만성자극에 의해 발생하는 구강내 증식성 병변이다. 상처치유의 초기 과정에서는 비만 세포와 대식 세포가 섬유모세포의 이주, 증식, 아교질합성 등에 연관되어 있는 성장인자와 사이토카인을 분비하여 상처 치유에 중요한 역할을 한다. 저자들은 자극성 섬유종을 조직학적 특성에 따라 세분하고, 각각의 조직학적 아형에서 비만 세포와 대식 세포의 발현을 조사하여 자극성 섬유종의 발생 기전을 이해하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에서는 82예의 자극성 섬유종을 조직 소견에 따라 4가지 유형으로 분류하였으며, 자극성 섬유종과 10예의 정상 구강점막에 톨루이딘 블루 염색과 CD 68 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였다. 이를 통계화하여 자극성 섬유종의 조직학적 아형에 따른 비만 세포와 대식 세포의 분포 정도를 관찰하였다. 연구결과 : 통계 결과 비만 세포와 대식 세포의 분포는 자극성 섬유종에서 현저히 증가하였으며, Spearman 상관계수는 0.693이었다. 결론 : 조직의 섬유화에 관여하는 비만 세포는 자극성 섬유종의 cellular type에서 유의하게 증가하였으며, 대식 세포도 자극성 섬유종의 모든 아형에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 따라서 자극성 섬유종의 형성 과정에는 비만 세포와 대식 세포의 증가가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1764-1772
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• 2020

This study is aimed at determining whether graviola (Annona muricata) beneficially influences immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated allergic reactions in human mast cells (LUVA cells). To examine the anti-allergic effect of graviola leaf extract (GLE), we treated antigen/IgE sensitized mast cells with extracts of various concentrations. In this study, the results of the in vitro model of IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation showed that GLE significantly inhibited the release of histamine, β-hexosaminidase, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-6 in LUVA cells. Pretreatment with GLE suppressed the phosphorylation of antigen-induced Lyn and Syk, thus suppressing the downstream MAPKs pathways. The above results indicate GLE could suppress mast cell activation and allergic responses. Accordingly, it can be supported that GLE has the potential to be used as functional cosmetic material.