• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.99-113
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• 2004

A new architecture called SAN(Storage Area Network) was developed in response to the requirements of high availability of data, scalable growth, and system performance. In order to use SAN more efficiently, most of SAN operating softwares support storage virtualization concepts that allow users to view physical storage devices attached to SAN as a large volume virtually h logical volume manager plays a key role in storage virtualization. It realizes the storage virtualization by mapping logical addresses to physical addresses. A logical volume manager also supports a snapshot that preserves a volume image at certain time and on-line reorganization to allow users to add/remove storage devices to/from SAN even while the system is running. To support the snapshot and the on-line reorganization, most logical volume managers have used table based mapping methods. However, it is very difficult to manage mapping table because the mapping table is large in proportion to a storage capacity. In this paper, we design and implement an efficient and flexible hybrid mapping method based on mathematical equations. The mapping method in this paper supports a snapshot and on-line reorganization. The proposed snapshot and on-line reorganization are performed on the reserved area which is separated from data area of a volume. Due to this strategy normal I/O operations are not affected by snapshot and reorganization. Finally, we show the superiority of our proposed mapping method through various experiments.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 1994

The podands I-VII, acyclic polyethers, expected high extractability for $Ag^+$ against $Pb^{2+}$ were designed and synthesized with high yields. Using podands I-VII as extractants, the %extraction(%Ex) of $Ag^+$ and $Pb^{2+}$ as picrates were determined in water/chloroform systems. The stability constants(log K) for the complexation of $Ag^+$ with podands I-VII were also determined by potentiometry. %Ex($Ag^+$) were proportional to the numbers of substituted sulfur donor atoms. Podand VI(log K : 7.65) having 3 substituted sulfur and podand VII(log K : 9.15) having 4 substituted sulfur, however, exhibited almost 100% of extractability, respectively. In %Ex($Ag^+/Pb^{2+}$, oxygen-sulfur mixed donor podands(IV-VII) showed the higher values. Otherwise, the values of log K and %Ex($Ag^+$) largely depended on the variation of donor-site of sulfur. From the results of NMR experiments, it seems that it is due to the ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking interaction between the aromatic end-groups.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to remove the bromate that is a disinfection by-poduct of water purification by ozone. I achieved a high rate of removal with iron, copper, or silver impregnated activated carbon by using both the adsorbing power of granular activated carbon and the oxidizing power of metal ions as deoxidizing agents. In the removal test of bromate with the quantity of activated carbon input I injected each activated carbon by 0.1, 0.3, 0.1, and 1.0 g and let them react for 240 minutes. I found the quantity of removed bromate was in proportion to the amount of input. The removal rate of bromate increased about 20% when I used acid treated activated carbon. The metal impregnated activated carbon had a higher removal rate of bromate than that of general activated carbon by about $30{\sim}50%$. Iron impregnated activated carbon showed a 92% removal rate of bromate. Iron, copper, or silver impregnated activated carbon removed about $0.9{\sim}1.5mg\;{BrO_3}^-/g$ while general activated carbon removed about $0.02{\sim}0.45mg\;{BrO_3}^-/g$. In the continuous column reaction, there were breakthrough phenomena at 96, 180, and 252 hours when I tested EBCT by 1, 2 and 3 minutes while I was changing the flux rate of bromate from 15.6 to 46.8 mL/min.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2012

In this study, three different synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) in the Nakdong river water (raw water) and rapid sand filtered water were treated by $O_3$ process. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of musk ketone (MK) was lower than removal efficiency of AHTN (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) and HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[c]-2-benzopyran) for both the raw water and the rapid sand filtered water. And in general, the removal efficiencies of three SMCs in the raw water were lower than that in the sand filtered water. Under the $O_3$ dose of 0.5~10.0 mg/L, the removal rate constants (k) of three SMCs for the raw and sand filtered waters increased rapidly with the increased $O_3$ dose. In the case of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) which were selected pre- and post-$O_3$ processes (located in the downstream of Nakdong River), operation conditions of pre- and post-$O_3$ process were $0.5{\sim}2.0mg{\cdot}O_3/L$ (2~4 min) and $0.5{\sim}2.5mg{\cdot}O_3/L$ (6~8 min). Therefore, $O_3$ doses and contact times of same conditions with above were very difficult to remove SMCs in DWTPs.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.97-111
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• 1990

This paper examines the effect of redistributive inheritance tax on income distribution and social welfare. The model used here is the Overlapping-Generations Model consisting of individuals with different bequest motives where the lifetime income distribution in each cohort is determined endogeneously by the dynamic bequest process. It is shown that the introduction of redistributive inheritance tax can improve the vertical equity in the sense that the increase in tax rate reduces the coefficient of variations of intra-cohort income distribution in steady-state. However, it is also shown that, the effect on social welfare, when measured by Benthamite SWF, is uncertain in general. The numerical simulations show that, in spite of its equity-enhancing effect, the tax increase can actually lower the steady-state social welfare within the plausible range of parametric values, through the long-run output effect as well as the deadweight welfare loss incurred by tax distortion. Hence, the problem of equity-efficiency trade-off can arise in this case. However, if both the market interest rate and the elasticity of marginal utility in individual's preference function are sufficiently high, it is shown to be possible that the steady-state social welfare is enhanced by the introduction of inheritance tax.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2011

The conventional satellite image fusion methods usually add the same amount of higher frequency components extracted from the panchromatic image to all the multispectral images. However, it is noted that each of multispectral images has different amount of overlap with the panchromatic image in terms of its spectrum, and also has different intensities. Thus giving the same amount of high frequency contents to all the spectral bands does not match with this observation, which causes color distortion in the fused image. In this paper, we propose a new wavelet-domain satellite image fusion algorithm that can compensate for these differences in intensity and spectrum overlap. For the compensation of intensity differences, we first estimate the high resolution multispectral images from P, considering the relative intensity ratios. For the compensation of the amount of spectral overlap, their wavelet coefficients are appended to the conventional wavelet-domain method where the coefficients for the addition is determined by the amount of spectrum overlap. Experiments are conducted for the IKONOS satellite images whose spectrums are well known, and the results show that the proposed algorithm gives higher PSNR and correlation coefficients compared to the conventional methods.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

This study was attempted to generate a monoclonal antibody against human $\alpha$-fetoprotein (AFP) and to produce an immunoassay, recognizing AFP in plasma and amniotic fluid. AFP was purified from human amniotic fluid and used to immunize mice. Spleens were taken from the mice and the cells were fused with mouse myeloma cells (Sp2/0-Ag-14) for the production of monoclonal antibodies by employing the hybridoma technology. As a result, a hybridoma cell line producing anti-AFP monoclonal antibody was cloned out and designated as MabF22. From isotyping analysis, it was found that monoclonal antibody MabF22 was IgG type with IgG1 heavy chain and k light chain. The binding specificity of MabF22 was analyzed by immunoblotting as well as by ELISA. MabF22 was highly specific, reacting with only AFP-containing samples. The binding affinity was determined by ELISA (free-capture mode) and Scatchard analysis. As a result, the value of Kd was 0.8$\times$10$^{-10}$M. The validity of the MabF22 for AFP assay was examined by two kinds of ELISAs, i.e., non-competitive and competitive ELISA. Both assays revealed that MabF22 reacted well with AFP in sample in a concentration-dependent manner. Standard curve and antibody titration curve were obtained by using purified AFP and MabF22. These results indicate that the monoclonal antibody produced in this study would be useful not only for research purposes but also for further development of immune-diagnostic kit for the measurement of AEP concentration.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2000

A series of hetero ring (X) substitued chalcone derivatives with farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase) inhibition activities $(pI_{50})$ values determined in vitro is analyzed by modified Free-Wilson (F-W) and Hansch method for quantitative structure activity relationship (QSARs). On the basis of F-W analysis on the FPTase inhibitory activity of a training set of the compounds, none of the (X)-substituents were not contribute the activity. But the net charge of ${\alpha}$ carbon atom is contribute the activity than that of ${\beta}$ carbon atom. And the relative orders of the (Y)-substituents on the activity are ortho>meta>para-substituents. According to Hansch approach, the activities would depend largely on the optimal, $(R_{opt.}=-0.35)$ resonance effect with ortho substituted $(I_o>0)$ electron donating group (R<0) and STERIMOL parameter, $B_1$ constant. The inhibition activity between hetro ring substituents have been a proportioned with each others and none substituent(H), 45 showed the highest FPTase inhibition $(pI_{50}=4.30)$ activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 1999

To establish an efficient screening system for new herbicides using plant cultured cells, responses of tobacco photomixotrophic cultured (PH) cells to various herbicides with different modes of action were surveyed by measuring the cell growth and ion conductivity in medium. The cells were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.7mg/L 2,4-D, 0.3mg/L kinetin and 30 g/L sucrose at $25^{\circ}C$ in the light (100 rpm). Chemicals were treated to suspension cultures of tobacco PH cells at the time of subculture. The cell growth and ion conductivity in the medium were investigated on 12 days after chemical treatment. The ion conductivity assay gave well correlated results to the cell growth inhibition data. The responses of tobacco PM cells were dependent on the modes of action of chemicals tested. Atrazine, an inhibitor of photosynthetic electron transport (PET), strongly inhibited both the cell membrane and cell growth ($IC_{50}$/, about 1 $\mu$M). Butachlor (an inhibitor of cell division), glufosinate (an inhibitor of amino acid biosynthesis), and fluridone (an inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis) showed a dose-dependent inhibition. However, Quinclorac, a herbicide with an auxin activity, did not affect the cell growth and ion leakage. These results suggested that tobacco PM cells is suitable materials for the simple screening of new herbicides such as PET, amino acid biosynthesis, ceil division inhibitors by measuring the cell growth and ion conductivity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.115-124
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• 1997

We measured the variance of eddy diffusion and associated ‘diffusion coefficients’ in coastal regions of Korea by observing the separation distances among multiple drifters deployed simultaneously at the same initial position. The variance of eddy diffusion was found to be proportional to $t^m$, where t is the time and m is a non-integer scaling exponent between 1.5 and 3.5. The observed scaling exponent of eddy diffusion cannot be reproduced by diffusion models employing constant eddy diffusivity. In this study, we applied fractal theory in simulating exponential increase of variance of eddy diffusion. We employed the fGn(fractional Gaussian noise) as a ‘modified’ random walks corresponding to the oceanic eddy diffusion. The variance of eddy diffusion, which corresponds to the fBm(fractional Brown motion) of our diffusion model, is proportional to $t^{2H}$, where H is Hurst scaling exponent. The temporal increase of the variance. with scaling exponent between 1 and 2, was successfully reproduced by our fractal diffusion model. However, our model cannot reproduce scaling exponent greater than 2. The scaling exponents greater than 2 are associated with the velocity shear of the mean flow.