• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.21 no.2 s.30
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• pp.303-320
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop a tool which can be used in factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement. The objectives for study are as follows: First, we develop a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement' transformed from Persell's 'A model for factor analysis of inequality on education'. Second, we analyze the inequality factors with the deviation index of objects on mathematics scholastic achievement that we have developed. The results of this study are as follows: We development a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on Mathematics' and inequality factors on mathematics scholastic achievement in secondary schools are private education, scholarships of parents, region, sex and school system. The factors most influenced in mathematics scholastic achievement are economic standings of household, scholarships of parents and private educations in order.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.123-142
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• 2011

This study examines how the family background and educational aspiration of adolescents affect the usage pattern of internet among adolescents. Recently, the focus of studies on digital divides shifts from the gap in the access to the internet to the difference in usage pattern of internet. Building on these studies, this study deals with the concerns that the difference in usage pattern of internet among adolescents potentially lead to the reproduction of social inequality across the generations. The analysis of the Korean Youth Panel Study reveals that the higher educational attainment and higher income level of parents, the children tend to spend more time in searching with the internet and spend less time in doing the internet game. The level of educational aspiration exerts similar effects on internet use of adolescents. The results also show that the effects of educational apsiration is larger among older adolescents. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.65-100
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• 2023

This study examines the effects of organizational trust of the container terminal operators' employee on organizational citizenship behavior and the moderating effect of organizational support in the relationship between the two variables. In order to efficiently achieve the purpose of this study, an empirical analysis was conducted by distributing a literature review and a questionnaire, and the results of the study are as follows... First, the organizational trust of the container terminal operators' employee was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on organizational citizenship behavior, and trust in the company appeared to be more important than trust in the superior, indicating trust in the institutional aspect. This means that formation has more influence on organizational citizenship behavior... Second, it was confirmed that the organizational support of the container terminal operators' employee can lead to active participation in organizational citizenship behavior through the expansion of educational compensatory support. Third, among the organizational support of container terminal operators, emotional support and educational compensatory support were found to have a partial moderating effect on the relationship between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior." Emotional support has a moderating effect on caring and active participation behaviors in the relationship between trust in the company and organizational citizenship behaviors, and a moderating effect on caring, active participation, and non-complaining behaviors in the relationship between trust in superiors and organizational citizenship behaviors. It was analyzed that there is Compensatory educational support has a moderating effect on altruistic, caring, active participation, and non-complaining behavior in the relationship between trust in the company and organizational citizenship behavior. It was analyzed that there was a moderating effect on active participation and non-complaining behavior. These analysis results mean that members' trust in the company further increases through the container terminal operator's emotional support and educational reward support. As uncertainty grows, it is very important to increase the trust of organizational members in the organization. sense of belonging to the organization, Emotional support that can increase immersion, improvement of work environment, provision of educational opportunities, and education-compensatory support such as a fair compensation system will increase organizational trust and induce effective organizational citizenship behavior to realize sustainable growth of the organization.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2024

The intelligent information society is expected to drastically change our lives. The purpose of this content is to derive tasks in the field of media education for the elderly for the realization of digital inclusion in an intelligent information society. To this end, the vision, goals, strategies, and tasks of the intelligent information society were examined through the 6th National Informatization Basic Plan(2018~2022) and the 2022 Education Informatization White Paper(2022). In addition, the current status of the digital gap among the elderly classified as vulnerable groups was identified through the results of the 2022 Digital Information Gap Survey. In order to ease the digital information gap between the elderly in the intelligent information society, it is believed that the development of intelligent media education services using intelligent information technology, provision of media education services for the elderly through learning online service channels, and support for digital intelligent media education for the elderly are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.73-90
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• 2015

This article focuses on geo-institutional differentiation and a multi-scalar analysis of emerging capitalist development in Laos. It discusses the impact of the Greater Mekong Subregion on new institutional economic and economic geographical arrangements. It demonstrates the usefulness of the varieties of Asian capitalism approach. The rubber industry was chosen to unravel emerging but various sub-national institutional arrangements linked to higher scale levels. Rubber is a growing agribusiness industry throughout the country, led by the insatiable demand from China. Overall, this study shows that the capitalist development of the rubber industry features much geo-institutional differentiation, due to the different strategies of Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese investors. Since Laos is still in transition from a state-led economy to something else, it is impossible at this to identify the exact number capitalisms. Yet, the evidence on rubber clearly lays bare the presence of multiple institutional arrangements. Without more inclusiveness, however, the implications for regional development are worrying. Exclusive arrangements will most likely lead to more uneven regional development and higher regional inequality. To refine theories on sub-national varieties of capitalism in developing countries it is instructive to consider more explicitly the notion of regional personal capitalisms and the complex interplay between national and regional states and relationships between capital accumulation and livelihood analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to propose a sustainable village-unit urban regeneration plan for the Ewha Mural Village, where mural artists recovered concrete fences to be followed by some residents damaging the mural paintings. Through a review of the existing literature and a preliminary survey, we derived the urban regeneration factors (environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability) applicable at the village level. After an empirical survey on the residents, we tried to identify various problems of the Ewha Mural Village. Residents selected the factors of accessibility, parking management, diversity of industries, creation of new jobs, community participation of residents for the mural village's activation, and stable living spaces. In the case of Ewha Mural Village, physical environment factors for the residents at the time of construction were not considered and the village was mainly planned using budget-based murals. Since then, the inequality of economic benefits intensified the conflicts among the residents. In addition, public benefits, such as establishing new industries and employing outsiders, were not provided, and these facts appear to have led to an unsustainable murals village, in which the murals that are the protagonists of the village revitalization are being destroyed. Therefore, the urban regeneration of Ewha Mural Village should be designed considering a region where some residential areas can be transformed into tourist areas. In addition, it is essential to employ a win-win method to improve the living environment, such as road maintenance, not only partial economic benefits, such as increased land-value, and to increase resident's value as a common asset within the village itself.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.31-72
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• 2020

This study examines the concepts and policy factors regarding gender-mainstreaming strategies and urban areas that have been discussed in the fields of international norms and development cooperation from the perspective of the Mexican government. It analyzes how gender-mainstreaming strategy is integrated and realized through Mexican law and key programs carried out by Mexico City. Through a literature review, this study builds upon previous research and theoretical discussions. In fact, Mexican federal government is considered to have successfully achieved "gender institutionalization." Within the framework of the law and institutions, the programs promoted by Mexico City aim to realize women's rights and meet their needs in the metropolis, while emphasizing a wider participation by citizens to realize these urban rights. In particular, the government of Mexico City is expanding on policies and programs that focus on strengthening the financial autonomy of women by understanding women's vulnerabilities as inequalities arising in the areas of the economy, space, and time.