• Title/Summary/Keyword: 불면 장애

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Analysis of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Patients Diagnosed with Insomnia in an Outpatient Department (상태-특성 불안척도를 이용한 불면 장애 환자 군들에 대한 분석)

  • Lee, Sang Don;Ryu, Seung-Ho;Ha, Jee Hyun;Jeon, Hong Jun;Park, Doo-Heum
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.104-110
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: Insomnia patients who visited the psychiatric outpatient of a university department, were divided into those patients with insomnia alone and those with depression or anxiety disorder, along with insomnia. The study analyzed their demographic characteristics and the differences in State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) results among the patient groups. Methods: Patients who visited the psychiatric department in Konkuk University hospital from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2018. If they were diagnosed with insomnia disorder based on DSM IV-TR and had undergone STAI, their electronic records were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the records, the patients were classified into those with insomnia disorder only, those with insomnia and anxiety disorder, and those with insomnia and depressive disorder. This study analyzed the demographic characteristics and STAI results of each group, and compared the differences among those groups. Results: During the period, 99 of 329 insomnia disorder patients who had performed STAI were diagnosed with depressive concurrent disorder and 61 with concurrent anxiety disorder. There was no difference in demographic characteristics of age and sex ratio among the three patient groups, and all had greater than 70% proportions of patients aged from 50s to 70s (71.8%, 77.1%, and 73.8% respectively). The average scores of STAI-I were 51.85 ± 10.15 for the patients with anxiety disorders and 54.18 ± 10.32 for those with depressive disorders, both of which were higher than the score of the patients with insomnia alone (44.55 ± 8.89). However, the score difference was not statically significant between the anxiety and depression groups. Similarly, in the STAI-II comparison, the averages of patients with anxiety or depressive disorders along with insomnia were 49.98 ± 8.31 and 53.19 ± 10.13 respectively, which were higher than that of the insomnia only group (42.71 ± 8.84), but there was no significant difference between the anxiety and depressive disorder groups. Conclusion: Although there were no differences in demographic data between the patients with insomnia only and those with accompanying depressive or anxiety disorder, the STAI-I and II scores were lower in the insomnia only group. In the future, it is necessary to consider other demographic characteristics including comorbidities and to conduct similar analyses with a larger sample.

Severity of Insomnia, Depression, and Quality of Life in Elderly (노인의 불면정도에 따른 우울 및 삶의 질)

  • Park, Seungmi;Kim, Jiyun;Jang, In Sun;Park, Eun-Jun
    • 한국노년학
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.991-1007
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare depression and quality of life(QOL) according to the severity of insomnia in elderly. Method: The survey participants were 463 community-dwelling adults aged 65 or older. Severity of insomnia was measured by assessing a time-length to get to sleep, the number of breaks in sleep, a time-length to get to sleep after awakening, and a usual sleep pattern. Depression and QOL was measured, respectively, a modified Zung's depression scale and SF-36. The data were collected from May to June in 2005 and analyzed using the SPSS program for descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, and ANOVA with Scheffe test. Results: A majority of the participants(75.6%) presented mild(65.0%) or severe(10.6%) insomnia. Severity of insomnia was different depending on sex, a marriage status, and sleep patterns such as hours of sleep on average, time to go to bed, and time of awakening(p<0.05). Depression and QOL were related to the severity of insomnia(p<0.05). The elderly suffering from insomnia needs nursing interventions considering demographics and sleep patterns in oder to prevent depression and to improve QOL. Future research is in need for predicting and preventing depression and QOL in elderly.

"황제내경(黃帝內經)"에 나타난 불면(不面)의 원인(原因)에 관한 고찰(考察) -관우대(關于對)"황제내경(黃帝內經)" 중기재적불면인원적고찰(中記載的不原眠因原因的考察)-

  • Kim, In-Gu;Kim, Jung-Han
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.18 no.1 s.28
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 2005
  • 통과대(通過對)${\ulcorner}$황제내경(黃帝內經)${\lrcorner}$ 중제출적여불면상관적17편경문적고찰(中提出的與不眠相關的17篇經文的考察), 진행불면원인적연구(進行不眠原因的硏究), 득출여하결논(得出如何結論): 수면화불면(睡眠和不眠), 여인체내위기적활동유관(與人體內衛氣的活動有關). 즉백주위기행어양분(卽白晝衛氣行於陽分), 고능소성(故能蘇醒); 이야만위기행어음분(而夜晩衛氣行於陰分), 칙능입수(則能入睡). 위기능구순리지출입내외, 기력양시유오장적정기제공적(其力量是由五臟的精氣提供的). 인차개괄이언(因此槪括而言), 불면적원인시음허양왕적상태(不眠的原因是陰虛陽旺的狀態). 수연불면불과시일종병증(雖然不眠不過是一種病症), 단기원인시다양적(但其原因是多樣的). 재경문중소견적원인(在經文中所見的原因), 진행개괄여하(進行槪括如下): 양기원성(陽氣元盛), 양명경실조(陽明經失調), 위중불화(胃中不和), 오장수손상(五臟受損傷), 혹인년노오장정기불족(或因年老五臟精氣不足), 인광증혹혼백비양이(因狂症或魂魄飛揚而) 치적다몽등심리장애(致的多夢等心理障碍), 비생리성수사체류(非生理性水邪滯留), 인침자오치이치적음정손상혹수사조장(因針刺誤治而致的陰精損傷或水邪助長).

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Comparison of Spatial Neurocognitive Function between Insomnia Disorder Patients and Normal Sleeping Control : Pilot Study (불면장애 환자와 정상대조군간의 공간인지기능 비교 : 예비연구)

  • Kang, Suk-Ho;Kang, Jae Myeong;Na, Kyoung-Sae;Koh, Seung-Hee;Cho, Seong-Jin;Kang, Seung-Gul
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: Chronic insomnia disorder is a common and one of the most distressing sleep disorders. This pilot study was conducted to compare the spatial function between insomnia disorder patients and good sleeping control. Methods: We enrolled the 22 patients with chronic insomnia during over one year who met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria of insomnia disorder and 27 normal sleeping controls. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) has been performed to compare the spatial cognitive function between insomnia disorder patients and good sleeping controls. Results: The CANTAB results showed significant differences in the problems solved in minimum moves of Stockings of Cambridge test (t = -2.499, p = 0.017). The significant difference between two groups remained after controlling age, sex, and Beck Depression Index non-sleep scores (F = 5.631, p = 0.022). Conclusion: This study suggests that the patients with insomnia disorder have poor spatial planning function.

Validation and Reliability of the Sleep Problem Screening Questionnaire: Focusing on Insomnia Symptoms (수면 문제 선별 질문지의 신뢰도, 타당도 연구: 불면증상을 중심으로)

  • JuYeal Lee;SunWoo Choi;HyunKyung Shin;JeongHo Seok;Sooah Jang
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a screening tool that is simple and easy to use for assessing sleep problems, including hypersomnolence, restless legs syndrome, and insomnia. We also examined the reliability and validity of this tool. Methods: We developed the Sleep Problem Screening Questionnaire (SPSQ), which consists of three sub-sections: insomnia (SPSQi), hypersomnolence (SPSQh), and restless legs syndrome (SPSQr). Subsequently, the participants, consisting of 222 patients with insomnia disorder and 78 healthy individuals, completed both the SPSQ and the comparative scale (Korean version of the Insomnia Severity Index). The analysis was then conducted using this data. Results: The SPSQ demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity, as well as satisfactory internal consistency. A cutoff score of 6 on the SPSQi was found to be optimal for distinguishing individuals with insomnia. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the SPSQ is a reliable and valid tool for screening sleep problems among general adult population. However, there is a limitation as a comparison and validation with scales related to restless legs syndrome and hypersomnolence were not conducted.

Domestic Trends of Research and Patent for Sleep Disorder (수면장애에 관한 국내 연구 동향 분석)

  • Baek, Younghwa;Yoo, Jonghyang;Lee, Si-Woo;Jin, Hee-Jeong
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.309-317
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    • 2013
  • Nowadays, sleep disorder is one of diseases many people have suffered. Many researchers have studied on the features or the method to overcome sleep disorder. In this paper, we have reported papers and patents relevant to sleep disorder to find current trends in the researches. All retrieved papers were 316 articles, patents, all 8 cases. The scale of research on sleep disorder including insomnia has been increasing in recent years. About a half of the analyzed researches were conducted by medical communities, and also various researches were performed based on nursing and Korea medicine. But, we found the application of patents on sleep disorder is less active than the research area. It will be conducted to research to consider with various developing research methodology and planing commercialization through health-related networks of collaborators.

Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Neurocognitive Disorder (신경인지장애의 정신행동증상에 대한 비약물학적 개입)

  • Hyun Kim;Kang Joon Lee
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2023
  • Patients with neurocognitive disorder show behavioral psychological symptoms such as agitation, aggression, depression, and wandering, as well as cognitive decline, which puts a considerable burden on patients and their families. For the treatment of behavioral psychological symptoms, patient-centered, non-pharmacological treatment should be used as a first line approach. This paper describes non-pharmacological interventions to manage and treat behavioral psychological symptoms in patients with neurocognitive disorder. In order to control behavioral psychological symptoms such as agitation, depression, apathy, insomnia, and wandering, it is important to identify and evaluate factors such as environmental changes and drugs, and then solve such problems. Non-pharmacological interventions include reassurance, encourage, distraction, and environmental change. It is necessary to understand behavior from a patient's point of view and to approach the patient's needs and abilities appropriately. Reminiscence therapy, music therapy, aroma therapy, multisensory stimulation therapy, exercise therapy, light therapy, massage therapy, cognitive intervention therapy, and pet therapy are used as non-pharmacological interventions, and these approaches are known to improve symptoms such as depression, apathy, agitation, aggression, anxiety, wandering, and insomnia. However, the quality of the evidence base for non-pharmacological approaches is generally lower than for pharmacological treatments. Therefore, more extensive and accurate effectiveness verification studies are needed in the future.

Effect of Major Depressive Disorder and Insomnia on Somatization (주요 우울증과 불면증이 신체화 증상에 미치는 영향)

  • Jun, Jin Yong;Kim, Seog Ju;Lee, Yu-Jin;Cho, Seong-Jin
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.84-88
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    • 2012
  • Introduction: The objective of the present study was to investigate the independent effects of major depressive disorder (MDD) and insomnia on somatization, respectively. Methods: A total of 181 participants (73 males and 108 females ; mean age $41.59{\pm}8.92$) without serious medical problem were recruited from a community and a psychiatric clinic in Republic of Korea. Subjects were divided into 4 groups based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis I disorder (SCID-IV) and sleep questionnaire : 1) normal controls (n=127), 2) primary insomnia (n=11), 3) MDD without insomnia (n=14), and 4) MDD with insomnia (n=29). All participants were requested to complete the somatization subscores of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Results: There were significant between-group differences in somatization score (F=25.30, p<0.001). Subjects with both MDD and insomnia showed higher somatization score compared to normal control (p<0.001), subjects with primary insomnia (p=0.01), or MDD subjects without insomnia (p<0.001). Subjects with primary insomnia had higher somatization score than normal controls (p<0.01), while there was no significant difference between MDD subjects without insomnia and normal controls. In multiple regression, presence of insomnia predicted higher somatization score (beta=0.44, p<0.001), while there was only non-significant association between MDD and somatization (beta=0.14, p=0.08). Conclusion: In the current study, insomnia was associated with somatization independently from major depression. Subjects with primary insomnia showed higher somatization. Within MDD patients, presence of insomnia was related to higher somatization. Our finding suggests that insomnia may partly mediate the relationship between depression and somatization.

Clinical Characteristics and Use of Psychotropic Agents among HIV-Infected/AIDS Patients Referred for Psychiatric Consultation (일 병원 정신건강의학과로 자문의뢰 된 HIV 감염/후천성면역결핍증 환자의 임상적 특성과 향정신약물 사용)

  • Shin, Sang-Ho;Kim, Hyun-Chung;Yoo, So-Young;Shin, Hyoung Shik;Won, Sung-Doo;Lee, So Hee
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the psychiatric status of HIV-infected/AIDS inpatients in a general hospital over the past 2.5 years. Methods : A retrospective chart review was conducted of psychiatric consultations performed between January 1, 2011, and July 30, 2013. The records of 97 HIV-infected/AIDS patients were analyzed. These included a total of 282 psychiatric consultations. Results : Of the 97 patients, 91(93.8%) were male, the mean age was 48 years, and mean number of consultations was 2.8. Depressed mood was reported in 102 consultations(23.8%), insomnia in 60(14.0%), and anxiety in 31(7.2%). Psychiatric disorders diagnosed on initial consultation included depressive disorder(37 patients ; 37.0%), cognitive disorder(11 ; 11.0%), and delirium(9 ; 9.0%). Recommended psychotropic medication included Lorazepam(99 ; 17.2%), Escitalopram(90 ; 15.7%), and Quetiapine(84 ; 14.6%). Conclusions : The main complaints of HIV-infected/AIDS patients were depressed mood, insomnia, and suicidal ideation(including suicide attempts). In total, 85(93.3%) patients of those consulted were diagnosed as meeting the criteria for a psychiatric condition. However, considering that only 16.9% of patients consulted received follow-up treatment, longitudinal research is needed to examine the influence of psychiatric disorders on the transmission of HIV-infection/AIDS, as well as on prognosis and treatment adherence.

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