• Title/Summary/Keyword: 분포현황

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지하수 오염 분포도 작성에서 정규크리깅과 지시크리깅 기법의 상호 보완성 연구

  • 김태형;정상용;강동환;김민철;서상기
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.477-481
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    • 2004
  • 지하수 수질자료의 분포가 광역적이고 자료의 수가 많은 지역과 자료의 분포가 국부적이고 갯수가 적은 지역을 선정하여, 모수적 통계기법인 정규크리깅과 비모수적 통계기법인 지시크리깅을 동시에 적용하였다. 베리오그램 분석은 각 수질자료의 원시 자료와 제한값을 적용하여 제한값 보다 낮거나 동일하면 '1' 의 값으로, 제한값 보다 높으면 '0' 의 값으로 변환된 자료에 대해 실시하였는데, 원시 염소이온 성분은 선형 모델이 선정되었으며, 비소 성분은 지수형 모델이 가장 적합한 것으로 선정되었다. 변환된 염소이온 성분과 비소 성분은 모두 구상형 모델이 가장 적합한 것으로 선정되었다. 정규크리깅과 지시크리깅 기법을 이용하여 지하수 오염 분포도를 작성하여 비교해 본 결과, 정규크리깅 기법은 연구지역의 자료 분포, 갯수와 범위의 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 나타났고, 지시크리깅 기법은 연구지역의 자료 분포와 특히 제한값에 따라 변환된 자료의 갯수의 영향을 크게 받는 것으로 나타났다. 정량적으로 나타낼 수 정규크리깅 기법과 정성적으로 나타낼 수 있는 지시크리깅 기법을 같이 적용한다면 지하수 오염 현황을 효과적으로 파악할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

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A Study on the Optimal Probability Distribution for the Time Interval Between Ships on the Traffic Route of the Busan North Port (부산 북항 통항 선박간의 시간간격 최적 확률분포에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Kwan
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.413-419
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    • 2019
  • Traffic routes typically have heavy traffic. Especially, the entrance of the route has a high risk of accidents occurring because of ships entering and exiting the port. However, almost of studies have focused on the distribution of traffic on the route. Thus, studies on the distribution between ships for passing through the route are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to analysis the traffic in the Busan north port No.1 route for one week. Based on present traffic conditions, one gate line was settled on the route with an analysis of traffic conditions. Based on the analysis data, each optimal time probability distribution between ships was divided into inbound/outbound and traffic volume. An analysis of the optimal probability distribution, was applied to 31 probability distributions divided into bounded, unbounded, non-negative, and advanced probability distribution. The KS test was applied for identifying three major optimal time probability distributions. According to the KS test results, the Wakeby distribution is the best optimal time probability distribution on the designated route. Although the optimal time probability distribution for other transportation studies such as on vehicles on highways is a non-negative probability distribution, this distribution is an advanced probability distribution. Thus, the application of major probability distribution for using other transportation studies is not applicable to this study Additionally, the distance between ships in actual traffic surveys and the distance estimated by the optimal probability distribution were compared. As a result of the comparison, those distances were fairly similar. However, this study was conducted in only one major port. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the time between ships and calculate a traffic volume on varying routes in future studies.

Distribution Characteristics of Ageratina altissima Community in Gangbuk Area, Seoul (서울 강북 도시화지역 서양등골나물군락 분포특성)

  • Lee Kyong-Jae;Hong Suk-Hwan;Kim Jong-Yeop;Han Bong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.351-358
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    • 2004
  • This study was achieved to investigate the distribution state and the characteristic of Ageratina altissima community in five districts(90.15$\textrm{km}^2$), north of Seoul, Korea. Total distribution area of Ageratina altissima community was 1,860,805$m^2$ and the distribution rate of Ageratina altissima community was 23.7% in Yongsan-gu, Seoul and it was 13.7% in Joong-gu, Seoul including the Namsan-mountain. As a result of correlation between Ageratina altissima community and the actual vegetation, in case of the whole sites Ageratina altissima community was distributed mainly in the Robinia pseudo-acacia forest and in case of Namsan-mountain area it was distributed mainly in the lower layer of the Pinus densiflora forest especially. In case of the whole sites, the distribution ratio of Ageratina altissima community was highest in the Pinus koraiensis forest; on the other hand, it was highest in the Robinia pseudo-acacia forest with planted area excepting the Namsan-mountain. As a result of correlation between Ageratina altissima community and Green Covered Ratio(GCR), the more the distribution ratio of Ageratina altissima community was heigher, the more GCR was higher in case of canopy and understory layer. Especially the distribution ratio of Ageratina altissima community was most high where GCR was over 50%. As a result of correlation between Ageratina altissima community and aspect, Ageratina altissima community was distributed mainly to the west, so we suppose that Ageratina altissima community was distributed mainly in the lower layer of the Robinia pseudo-acacia forest which has fine canopy in the west. We should improve the Robinia pseudo-acacia forest to multi-layer natural forest to control the flourishing Ageratina altissima community in the long term.