• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.4 s.63
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• pp.751-769
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• 1998

This study was conducted to assess the attitude of pregnant women toward delivery method, understanding of the reason for determining her own delivery method, participation in decision-making process and satisfaction with delivery method after labor. Study subjects were 693 pregnant women who had visited obstetric clinic for prenatal care in the last month of pregnancy in one general hospital and one obstetrics-gynecology specialty hospital in Taegu city from February 1 to March 31 in 1998. A questionnaire was administered before and after labor and a telephone interview was done one month after labor. Proportion of women who had health education and/or counselling about delivery method during prenatal care was 24.0% and this proportion was higher for women who had previous c-section(35.5%) than others. Women thought vaginal delivery is better than c-section for both maternal and baby's health regardless of previous delivery method. About 90% of primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery wanted vaginal delivery for the index birth, while 85.6% of multiparous women who had previous c-section wanted repeat c-section. Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred vaginal delivery before labor were recommendation of doctors(81.9%), recommendation of husband (0.8%), agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(4.7%), and mother's demand (12.6%). Reasons for choosing vaginal delivery were mother's demand(30.6%) and no indication for c-section(67.2%). Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred c-section before labor were recommendation of doctors(76.2%), mother's demand(20.0%), recommendation of husband(1.3%), and agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(2.5%). Of the pregnant women who had c-section, by doctor's recommendation, the proportion of women who had heard detailed explanation about reason for c-section by doctor was 55.1%. Mother's statement about the reason for c-section was consistent with the medical record in 75.9% . However, over 5% points disparities were shown between mother's statement and medical record in cases of the repeat c-section and mother's demand. In primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery, the delivery method for index birth had statistically significant association with the preference of delivery method before labor(p<0.05). All of the women who had previous c-section had delivered the index baby by c-section. Among mothers who had delivered the index baby vaginally, 84.9% of them were satisfied with their delivery method immediately after labor and 85.1% at 1 month after labor. However, mothers who had c-section stated that they are satisfied with c-section in 44.6% immediately after labor and 42.0% at 1 month after labor. Preferred delivery method for the next birth had statistically significant association with delivery method for the index birth both immediately after labor and in 1 month after labor. The proportion of mothers who prefer vaginal delivery for the next birth increased with the degree of satisfaction with the vaginal delivery for the index birth but the proportion of mothers who prefer c-section for the next birth was high and they did not change significantly with the degree of satisfaction with the c-section for the index birth. These results suggest that the current high technology-based, physician-centered prenatal and partritional cares need to be reoriented to the basic preventive and promotive technology-based, and mother-fetus-centered care. It is also suggested that active involvement of pregnant woman in decision-making process for the delivery method will increase the rate of vaginal birth after c-section and decrease c-section rate and improve the degree of maternal satisfaction after delivery.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.26 no.1 s.139
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• pp.43-48
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• 1987

분만진행에 수직체위가 효과적이라는 것을 연구하는 연구자는 이러한 체위가 자궁수축력을 강화하고 분만시간을 단축하여 분만시 동통을 감소시킨다는 것을 파악했다. 분만과 출산 시 쪼그리고 앉는 방법이 역사적으로 오랜 기간 동안 적용되어 왔음에도 불구하고 연구자들은 여러가지 분만방법의 장점에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 임상 경험에 의해 쪼그리고 앉는 자세가 보다 효과적임을 알면서도 여러가지 위험을 우려하여 적용을 기피하고 있다. 그러나 연구자들은 앞으로 이러한 체위의 가치를 확인하고 특별히 다른 체위와 비교하여 쪼그리고 앉는 행위가 경관열상의 빈도, 분만 1,2기의 시간, 분만 중이나 분만 후의 뇨정체의 유무, 제대탈출의 빈도등이 어떠한지를 파악하여야 할 것이다. 쪼그리고 앉는 체위에 대한 가장 좋은 잇점을 얻기 위해 조산자는 이러한 체위를 언제 어떻게 할 것인가에 대한 지식을 가져야 한다. 또한 융통성있고 창조적인 접근방법을 시도하여 의학적수행과 분만시 사정을 용이하게 하고 산부와 의료요원이 보다 편안하도록 하여야 한다. 조산교육자나 조산자는 분만시 그들의 체위에 대한 교육을 포함하여 쪼그리고 앉은 방법의 효과적인 적용을 위해 노력해야 한다. 임부에게 안전, 편안함, 분만의 효과적인 진행, 모든 선택 가능한 체위들을 교육하고 그러한 체위 중 쪼그리고 앉는 방법을 선택하도록 격려해야 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.127-137
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• 2018

Parturition is an important event for farmers as it provides economic gains for the farms. Thus, the effective management of parturition is essential to farm management. In particular, the unit price of cattle is higher than other livestock and the productivity of cattle is closely associated to farm income. In addition, 42% of calving occurs in the nighttime so accurate parturition predictions are all the more important. In this paper, we propose a method that accurately predicts the calving date by applying core body temperature of cattle to deep learning. The body temperature of cattle can be measured without being influenced by the ambient environment by applying an ingestible bio-sensor in the cattle's rumen. By experiment on cattle, we confirmed this method to be more accurate for predicting calving dates than existing parturition prediction methods, showing an average of 3 hour 40 minute error. This proposed method is expected to reduce the economic damages of farms by accurately predicting calving times and assisting in successful parturitions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.346-352
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• 2012

This study compared and analyzed fetus, newborn infant, and delivery methode of 141 women who received medical service from the first examination to the delivery in an obstetrics and gynecology specialized hospital located in Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2010 and had a regular delivery after 37 weeks of pregnancy (73 non-employed and 68 employed women), depending on employment state of the subjects. The following are the results derived from the study. 1. The weight of the mothers after 37 weeks of pregnancy and the average gestational age was no statistical difference depending on the employment state. 2. In 37 weeks, the average fetal weight in the non-employed group was $2.90{\pm}0.27kg$ and the rate of small for gestational age infants was 2.75%. Meanwhile, the average fetal weight in the employed group was $2.76{\pm}0.28kg$ and the rate of small for gestational age infants was shown to be 10.3%. It is known that the fetal weight of the non-employed group was significantly higher for 37 weeks of pregnancy (p<0.05). 3. The newborn infant weight of the non-employed group was $3.42{\pm}0.43kg$ in average while that of the employed group was $3.18{\pm}0.35kg$. It is known that the newborn infant weight of the non-employed group was significantly higher (p<0.05). 4. In terms of delivery method, cesarean constituted 32.9% in the non-employed group while constituting 16.2% for the employed group. It is known that cesarean was shown to be significantly higher among the non-employed group (p<0.05).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.454-458
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• 2003

Purpose : Rotavirus is the main cause of infantile diarrheal disease worldwide. The purpose of this study is to assess the difference between clinical manifestations and feeding or delivery methods in healthy full-term neonates and those with nosocomially-acquired rotaviral infection. Methods : The study was conducted on 348 babies who were delivered in Dongguk University Kyongju Hospital from Jan 1 to June 30 in 2001. Stool specimens were collected from clinically symptomatic neonates. We studied the rate of positive stool rotazyme ELISA tests and positive symptoms. We compared the frequency of clinical manifestations according to the feeding methods [breast feeding(BF) or formula feeding(FF)] and the delivery methods[normal vaginal delivery(NVD) or Cesarean section(C/sec)]. Results : Rotavirus was detected in 152 of 348 babies. The rate of positive rotazyme ELISA test was 43.7% in healthy full-term symptomatic neonates. The most common symptom of rotaviral enteritis was mild fever; the others were watery diarrhea, abdominal distension, vomiting, delayed weight gain, irritability, poor oral intake and dehydration. Compared with FF neonates, BF neonates have lower frequency of symptoms, especially watery diarrhea, delayed weight gain and poor oral intake. The symptomatic frequency was higher in FF and NVD neonates than BF and C/sec. Conclusion : The symptoms of rotaviral enteritis were less frequent in BF or C/sec delivered neonates. BF appeared to alleviate the rotaviral enteritis but further studies are needed. The cause of the lower frequency of symptoms in C/sec delivered neonates was unknown.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1278-1288
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to classify subjective structure of observation experience toward delivery on nursing students. A Q-methodological approach that gives information about the way of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Q population was performed for analyzing through interview and literature review. From this, ultimately, a final Q sample of 35 statements was obtained. The P sample sorted the Q sample for observation experience toward delivery. The collected data was analyzing using PC QUANL program, which revealed three distinctive types of delivery experience about nursing students. Type 1 is a sympathy towards delivery woman, type 2 is a requirement of care. And type 3 is a future of analogical inference of delivery type. In conclusion, it is needed not only to give high quality of nursing service but also to have a right job value based on proper understanding of patient. Also, it is recommended about education of nursing students for making right view of value based on the three types of delivery experience.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2002

한우의 사육규모가 다두화 된 농가에서 전년도 발정제어 처리에 따라 수태한 임신우의 분만내역과 차기번식에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 1. 발정유기방법별 계절번식처리우의 분만율은 PGF₂α구에서 73%(73/100), PRID 구에서 73.3%(22/30), CIDR 구에서 76.6%(23/30), GnRH-PGF₂α-GnRH 처리구에서 81%(81/100)였으며 전체적으로 76.5%(199/260)로 나타났다. 2. 계절번식농가의 자연발정 수정구에서 암송아지는 23.9㎏, 수송아지는 26.2㎏인 반면에 발정유기구에서는 암송아지는 24㎏, 수송아지는 24.9㎏로써 생시체중에 거의 차이를 보이지 않았고, 4개월령 체중에서 자연발정 수정구에서 암송아지 72㎏, 수송아지 75㎏인 반면에 발정유기구에서는 암송아지 75.6㎏, 수송아지 78.3㎏으로 발육상에 특별한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 3. 다두사육농가의 자연발정 수정구에서 송아지 육성율은 86.5%(251/290)이였으며, 발정제어처리구에서는 87.0%(175/201)로써 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 농가의 사육경험에 따라 6년 이상에서는 84.0%(105/125)였고, 10년 이상에서 88.4%(146/165)로써 사육경험이 많을수록 육성율이 우수하였다. 4. 발정유기방법별 분만후 발정재귀일수는 대조구에서 80.7일, PGF₂α 구에서 92.3일, PRID 구에서 78.5일, CIDR 구에서 64.5일, GnRH-PGF₂α-GnRH 처리구에서 65.6 일로 나타났고 분만 후 수태일수는 대조구에서 137.1일, PGF₂α 구에서 147.6 일, PRID구에서 141.3일, CIDR구에서 116.6일, GnRH-PGF₂α-GnRH 처리구에서 118일로 나타났으며 평균 134.3일이었다.

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.12 no.9 s.133
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• pp.136-139
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• 1990

자돈의 폐사는 대부분 생후3일 이내에 발생한다.이러한 손실을 줄이는 방법중에 하나가 저장에너지를 많이 가진 자돈을 분만시키고, 분만후에는 모돈에게 지방함량이 많은 젖을 분비하게 하여 육설율을 높이는 것이다.이와 같은 목적을 위해서는 임신말기에 고에너지 사료인 유지사료를 첨가하여 급여하는 것이 바람직하다

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.199-203
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• 2008

This study was performed to analyze the characterization of plasma hormonal levels during pregnancy in the Hanwoo recipients pregnant by artificial insemination (AI) or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. The synchronized recipients pregnant by SCNT embryos produced by Hanwoo fetal fibroblast cells (n=8) and by AI (control, n=5) were used. The plasma hormonal levels were measured by RIA (P4 and E2) and ELISA (cortisol), respectively. In control, the increase of E2 and the decrease of P4 were occurred immediately before the initiation of parturition. The expression pattern of plasma P4 was similar in both groups from 50 to 10 days before parturition, however, it did not decrease even at the expected date of labor in the SCNT recipients. The plasma cortisol was expressed a lower level during pregnancy in the SCNT recipients. But, the cortisol was increased in the cow aborted around 100 days of pregnancy (n=1). Based on these results, it can be postulated that the failure of the hormonal changes immediately before parturition in the SCNT recipients may be one of the most important reasons for a delayed parturition in clone calving.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.536-539
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• 2012

건유기에서 비유기로의 이행기는 젖소에서 위험률이 높은 시기이고 이 시기에 가장 큰 문제가 될 수 있는 것이 유방염이다. 환경성 세균들이 분만 전후기에 가장 문제가 될 수 있는 병원체이다. 대장균군에 속하는 세균들은 경산우에서 심각한 감염을 일으킬 수 있고, 처녀우의 경우는 coagulase-음성 포도상구균에 감염될 가능성이 높다. 분만 전후기 중에는 호르몬이나 기타 요인들로 인해 젖소들의 면역상태가 다소 억압된다. 성공적인 유방염 방제 프로그램은 건유우, 분만우, 및 처녀우의 관리에 초점을 맞춰야 한다. 청결하고 안락한 환경, 적절한 사료공급, 비타민과 미량 원소가 함유된 적절한 사료의 보충이 유방 건강을 유지하는데 필수적이다. 건유 시작할 때 유두관의 폐쇄를 강화하고 케라틴 마개가 형성될 때까지 유두 끝을 세균으로부터 보호해 줄 전략들을 사용해서 분만 후의 유방염 감염 위험을 감소시켜야 한다. 건유기 치료는 상당히 성공적으로 이용되어 왔지만 전체적으로 실시하기 보다는 선택적으로 치료하는 접근법이 권장된다. 환경성 유방염에 감염될 위험이 높은 우군에서는 항생제 이외의 접근법이 건유기 중의 신감염 예방을 위한 유용한 도구가 될 수 있다.