• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2017

Fish fauna and community structures in freshwater were analyzed in the streams (12 stations) of the Bogil Island from May to September 2015. Total numbers of the sampled species and genus (9 families) were 21 and 17, respectively. Gobiidae was the most dominant taxa, which accounted for 47.6% (10 species) of the total species, and the relative abundance, based on the number of individuals, was 60.4% (1,157 individuals). Subdominant families were three taxa of Cyprinidae (3 species; 500 ind.), Mugilidae (2 species; 168 ind.) and Mugilidae (2 species; 128 ind.). The dominant species, based on the relative abundance, was Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (20.7%) and the subdominant species were Gymnogobius urotaenia (19.5%), Leucopsarion petersii (17.2%) and Chelon haematocheilus (8.5%). These species were composed of upstream-resident fish as well as migratory fishes, so the streams of the Bogil Island had unique characteristics in the fish compositions. Based on all the species sampled, 9 species (42.9%) were primary freshwater fishes, 11 species (52.4%) were peripheral fishes and 1 species (4.8%) was amphidromous fish. Korean endemic species and exotic species were not found in the streams of Bogil Island. According to the analysis of fish community structure, species richness index and species diversity index were highest (1.831, 1.957) in the Site 8 and lowest in the Site 4. In the meantime, the dominance index was highestin the Site 4 (1.00) and lowest in theSite 8 (0.17).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2007

Background : The causes of chest pain vary but the leading cause of chest pain is ischemic heart disease. Mortality from ischemic chest pain has increased more than two fold over the last ten years. The purpose of this study was to determine the data necessary for rapid treatment of patients with signs and symptoms of ischemic chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods : We interviewed 170 patients who had ischemic chest pain in the emergency department of Yeungnam University Hospital over 6 months with a protocol developed for the evaluation. The protocol used included gender, age, arriving time, prior hospital visits, methods of transportation to the hospital, past medical history, final diagnosis, and outcome information from follow up. Results : Among 170 patients, there were 118 men (69.4%) and the mean age was 63 years. The patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were 106 (62.4%) and with angina pectoris (AP) were 64 (37.6%). The patients who had visited another hospital were 68.8%, twice the number that came directly to this hospital (p<0.05). The ratio of patients who visited another hospital were higher for the AMI (75.5%) than the AP (59.4%) patients (p<0.05). The median time spent deciding whether to go to hospital was 521 minutes and for transportation was 40 minutes. With regard to patients that visited another hospital first, the median time spent at the other hospital was 40 minutes. The total median time spent before arriving at our hospital was 600 minutes (p>0.05). The patients who had a total time delay of over 6 hours was similar 54.8% in the AMI group and 57.9% in the AP group (p>0.05). As a result, only 12.2% of the patients with an AMI received thrombolytics, and 48.8% of them had a simultaneous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In the emergency department 8.5% of the patients with an AMI died. Conclusion : Timing is an extremely important factor for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Most patients arrive at the hospital after a long time lapse from the onset of chest pain. In addition, most patients present to a different hospital before they arrive at the final hospital for treatment. Therefore, important time is lost and opportunities for treatment with thrombolytics and/or PCI are diminished leading to poor outcomes for many patients in the ED. The emergency room treatment must improve for the identification and treatment of ischemic heart disease so that patients can present earlier and treatment can be started as soon as they present to an emergency room.