• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2006

The radiative convective equilibrium (RCE) temperature was calculated for the climate change study at King Sejong Station in West Antarctica. As a result of RCE model sensitivity test, the increases of surface albedo, solar zenith angle, and cloud optical thickness decrease surface temperature. On the other hand, the increases of carbon dioxide and cirrus cloud amount are caused by surface warming due to the greenhouse effect. According to the model calculation result, annual mean surface temperature shows a upward trend of 0.012oC/year during the period of 1958-2001. During the period of 1989∼2001, the trend of monthly mean surface temperature by model calculation is 0.01oC/month and the observation trend is 0.005oC/month.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2023

This study examines how prospective earth science teachers perceive the concept of "equilibrium" and "interaction between Earth's spheres" in understanding Earth's radiative equilibrium and tries to identify their misconceptions. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and put to them to look into their thought flow based on the items that appeared in the national level evaluation. As a result of analyzing their answers, even though all the prospective teachers correctly described the concept of radiative equilibrium, about 90% of them did not apply the concept of radiative equilibrium to the new environment of the Earth without atmosphere. They do not seem to be able to smoothly derive the concept of a new 'interaction' between the changed regions and a new 'equilibrium' that will be reached over a long period of time. In this respect, it is likely that the textbooks had some influence on the formation of their concepts. In particular, high school Earth Science textbooks describe the Earth's radiation equilibrium in a quantitative manner, focusing on the heat budget of the equilibrium state rather than the process of reaching radiation equilibrium. Such an approach of textbooks might be an obstacle to fostering students into creative convergence-type talents pursued in the 2015 revised curriculum. Meanwhile, in order to eliminate the misconceptions of students often found in the understanding of Earth's radiation equilibrium, this study suggests that the core concepts need to be dealt with more attention even in college courses for training prospective teachers.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.40-64
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• 1990

복사전달식, 통계평형식 및 전하 입자 보존식을 동시에 만족시키는 비열평형상태의 대기에 대하여 그 방출원자스펙트럼을 수치계산하였다. 등온, 중압의 비열평형 태양홍염을 대상모델로 선정하였는데 여기에 적응한 제한조건중 복사전달에 관련된 편미분방정식은 3점 근사 차분법에 의해 정리하였고 홍염중심에 대칭성을 가정하여 경제조건을 부여하였으며 대기의 물리상태에 관련된 비선형 연립방정식의 해는 완전선형화 기법을 통한 퓨트리에 소거법을 이용해 구하였다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.770-788
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine whether middle school students could understand global warming and the greenhouse effect, and explain them in terms of global radiative equilibrium. From July 13 to July 24 in 2021, 118 students in the third grade of middle school, who completed a class module on 'atmosphere and weather', participated in an online assessment consisting of multiple-choice and written answers on radiative equilibrium, the greenhouse effect, and global warming; 97 complete responses were obtained. After analysis, it was found that over half the students (61.9%) correctly described the meaning of radiative equilibrium; however, their explanations frequently contained prior knowledge or specific examples outside of the presented data. The majority of the students (92.8%) knew that the greenhouse effect occurs within Earth's atmosphere, but many (32.0%) thought of the greenhouse effect as a state in which the radiative equilibrium is broken. Less than half the students (47.4%) answered correctly that radiative equilibrium occurs on both Earth and the Moon. Most of the students (69.1%) understood that atmospheric re-radiation is the cause of the greenhouse effect, but few (39.2%) answered correctly that the amount of surface radiation emitted is greater than the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the Earth's surface. In addition, about half the students (49.5%) had a good understanding of the relationship between the increase in greenhouse gases and the absorption of atmospheric gases, and the resulting reradiation to the surface. However, when asked about greenhouse gases increases, their thoughts on surface emissions were very diverse; 14.4% said they increased, 9.3% said there was no change, 7.2% said they decreased, and 18.6% gave no response. Radiation equilibrium, the greenhouse effect, and global warming are a large semantic network connected by the balance and interaction of the Earth system. This can thus serve as a conceptual system for students to understand, apply, and interpret climate change caused by global warming. Therefore, with the current climate change crisis facing mankind, sophisticated program development and classroom experiences should be provided to encourage students to think scientifically and establish scientific concepts based on accurate understanding, with follow-up studies conducted to observe the effects.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

Energy Balance Model (EBM) was used to experiment the distribution of surface equilibrium temperature which responds to external forcing associated with the surface characteristics. Surface equilibrium temperature is calculated as sum of incoming solar radiation and latitudinal transport is balanced with outgoing infrared radiation. To treat incoming solar radiation, the source of the earth energy, significantly for energy balance, the experiment for surface equilibrium temperature distribution was performed considering the energy balance with the latitudinal albedo change as well as land and sea distribution. In addition, linear albedo change experiment, arctic albedo 5%, 10%, 15% change experiments and the opposite albedo change experiments between arctic and mid-latitudes were performed using incoming solar radiation as an external forcing. Moreover, with and without ice-albedo feedback experiments were performed. Increasing of arctic albedo is blocked out the incoming solar radiation so that it induces decreasing of latitudinal heat transport. It is strengthened energy transport from low latitudes by keeping arctic low energy states. Therefore the temperature change in the mid-latitudes exhibits larger response than that of arctic due to the difference of transport. The land which has lower heat capacity than sea can be reach to equilibrium temperature shortly. Also land is more sensitive to temperature change with respects to albedo. Thus it induces the thermal difference between land and sea. As a result, the equilibrium temperature exhibits differently as the difference of albedo and heat capacity which are the one of surface characteristics. Surface equilibrium temperature decreases as albedo increase and the ratio of temperature change is large as heat capacity is small. The decreasing of surface equilibrium temperature with respects to increasing of linear albedo is accelerated by ice-albedo feedback. However local change of surface equilibrium temperature decreases non-linearly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.514-515
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• 2003

대기 중에 부유하는 에어러솔은 태양복사와 지구복사를 흡수 또는 산란 시키는 직접효과나 구름응결 핵으로 작용하여 구름의 생성과 수명에 영향을 주는 간접효과를 통하여 대기의 복사 평형에 불균형을 초래하고, 궁극적으로는 온실기체와 더불어 기후변화를 야기할 수 있는 중요한 원인물질로 알려져 있다(Ramanathan et al., 2001). (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.210-214
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• 2000

대기 중 에어로졸은 지구표면에 도달하는 태양복사에너지를 흡수 또는 산란시키는 직접 효과 및 대기물리작용에 의한 구름의 형성 및 구름 수명에 영향을 미치는 간접 효과를 통해 지구복사 평형에 불균형을 초래함으로써 전지구적인 기후변화에 영향을 미친다(Toon, 1995). 이들 에어로졸은 온실기체와는 달리 -0.4~-3.0 W/$m^2$ 의 지구 평균 복사강제력을 나타내면서(IPCC, 1995) 대기 중에 냉각 효과(whitehouse effect)를 일으킨다(Schwartz, 1996). (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.277-278
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• 2001

대기 중 에어로졸은 지구표면에 도달하는 태양복사에너지를 흡수 또는 산란시키는 직접 효과 및 대기물리작용에 의한 구름의 형성 및 구름 수명에 영향을 미치는 간접 효과를 통해 지구복사 평형에 불균형을 초래함으로써 전지구적인 기후변화에 영향을 미친다. 이들 에어로졸은 온실기체와는 달리 -0.4~-3.0 W/$m^2$의 지구 평균 복사강제력을 나타내면서(IPCC, 1995) 대기 중에 냉각 효과(white- house effort)를 일으킨다(Schwartz, 1996). (중략)

• ETRI Journal
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.25-30
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• 1981

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.155-155
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• 2003