• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2020

Phonological awareness is a metalinguistic awareness ability of phonology and is known to predict language skills, such as reading and vocabulary skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between phonological awareness, phonological processing, and language skills in 4- to 6-years-old typically developing (TD) children and children with language delay (LD). A total of 32 children (TD=18, LD=15) participated in this study. They performed a phonological awareness task consisting of counting, deletion, and discrimination at syllable level. Nonword Repetition, Digit Backward, Receptive & Expressive Vocabulary Test, and Grammaticality Judgment Task were performed to analyze the correlation between phonological awareness, phonological processing, and language ability. A multiple stepwise regression analysis was performed to examine the phonological awareness subtasks that predict language ability. In the TD group, the syllable categorization task significantly predicted the receptive vocabulary and the performance of the Grammaticality Judgment Task. The LD group showed that the syllable counting task significantly predicted the receptive vocabulary, the expressive vocabulary, and the performance of the Grammaticality Judgment Task. The results showed that the phonological awareness performance was significantly different between the two groups. Further, correlation analysis and regression analysis showed different results for each group. The result of the phonological awareness performance predicted the language ability of each group significantly, suggesting the importance of the meta-linguistic awareness ability of phonology.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.1 s.18
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• pp.191-199
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• 2004

본 연구에서는, 6년 전에 개발된 수학 창의적 문제 해결력 검사(MCPSAT; 한국교육개발원(김흥원 외, 1997))에 대한 현시점의 적합성여부를 알아보기 위하여 이 검사의 중학교 1-3학년용 A형 1부 검사와 고등학교 1-2학년용 A형 1부 검사를 해당 학년 학생들에게 적용하여 분석하였다. 검사도구의 양호도는 비교적 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 중학교와 고등학교 모두 문항 내적 일관성 신뢰도(Cronbach ${\alpha}$)의 계수가 약간 떨어져 있지만 비교적 양호한 것으로 볼 수 있으며 변별도는 점이연 상관 계수가 0에 가까운 문항이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 모든 문항이 학생들의 수학 창의적 문제 해결력을 변별해 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 내적 타당도는 중학교의 경우 관대하게 본다면 수용할 만 하고, 고등학교의 경우 아직은 우려할 수준은 아니다. 즉, 중학교 문항 1과 문항 4는 적합도 지수 1.2를 상회하였으나 Infit과 Outfit 모두 1.5를 넘는 문항은 없었다. 고등학교의 문항 4는 문항의 적합도 지수 1.2를 상회하는 것으로 나타나고 있으나 Infit과 Outfit 모두 1.2를 상회하지 않았다. 난이도 측면에서 볼 때, 이 검사의 계속 사용은 염려스러운 면이 있다. 즉, 중학교에서는 6년 전 보다 쉬운 것으로 나타나고 있는 바 이것은 현재의 학생들이 이러한 유형의 문항을 많이 접하였을 것으로 추측할 수 있다. 고등학교에서는 6년 전 보다 조금 더 어려워 졌다고 볼 수 있다. 위의 사항을 종합할 때, 수학 창의적 문제 해결력 검사에서 중학생용은 현재의 학생들의 수준을 고려하여 재 표준화하는 것이 바람직하고, 고등학생용은 개발 당시의 신뢰도, 난이도, 변별도 등에서 유사하므로 당분간 계속 사용하여도 될 것이다.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

The relationships between the ability to understand changes in meaning depending on the prosody of spoken words and the ability to perceive pitch and melodic contour in cochlear implants (CI) recipients were examined. Fifteen postlingual CI recipients were measured in terms of speech prosody perception, speech perception, pitch discrimination (PD), and melody contour identification (MCI). The speech prosody perception test consists of words with positive (PW) and neutral meaning (NW). Participants were asked to identify the meaning of words depending on the conditions of positive and negative prosody. The MCI consists of subtests 1 and 2 with different chance levels to choose. Then, the relationships between speech prosody perception, speech perception, PD, and MCI performance were analyzed. There was a significant difference in identifying the meaning of words expressed in a different prosody between the PW and NW conditions. Speech prosody perception showed a significant correlation with MCI 1 while there was no significant relationship with speech perception. Although speech perception may be possible after CI, limited spoken word comprehension due to decreased sensitivity for prosodic changes may persist in CI recipients. In addition, there was a limitation in perception of melodic contour change compared to pitch discrimination, which is related to speech prosody perception.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.127-143
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• 2010

This study explores children's sex differences of emotion discrimination from facial expressions based on two dimensional model of emotion. The study group consisted of 92 children, of 40, 52, and 64 months of age, and the rate of male and female children was male children (50%) and female children (50%). Children of 92 were required to choose facial expressions related the twelve emotion terms. Facial expressions applied for experiment are used the photographs rated the degree of expression in each of the two dimensions (pleasure-displeasure dimension and arousal-sleep dimension) on a nine-point scale from 54 university students. The experimental findings appeared that the sex differences were distinctly the arousal-sleep dimension than the pleasure-displeasure dimension. In the arousal-sleep dimensionoussleepness, anger, comfort, and loneliness' emotions showed large sex differences over 1 value. Especially, while male children showed high arousal more than female children in the emotions like 'sleepiness, anger and loneliness', female children showed high arousal more than male children in 'comfort' emotion.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2000.03a
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• pp.198-204
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• 2000

본 연구는 한국어에서 의미를 분화시키는 기능을 담당해오던 장/단의 상실로 인해 운율자질들에 어떠한 변화가 일어났는지 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 먼저 길이의 대립적 기능의 소실로 인해 젊은 세대에서 액센트를 구성하는 길이의 기능이 상실되고 있지는 않는지 알아보았다. 이와 더블어 길이, 세기, 고저의 운율행동 양상이 세대간에 차이를 보이는지 살펴보았다. 실험은 장/단의 변별력을 지니는 60대 화자와 변별력을 상실한 20대 화자를 비교하여, 운율자질들의 수치를 측정하고 높은 수치의 음절 위치를 기술하였다. 실험결과 두 세대 모두에서 길이는 상대적 돋들림을 보여 액센트를 결정하는 자질의 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 운율자질들의 성격에 있어서는 세대간에 차이를 보였는데, 길이에 있어서는 60대에 비해서 20대의 돋들리는 정도가 줄어든 것을 볼 수 있었다. 또 세기와 고저는 60대 화자들에게서는 이렇다할 경향성을 발견할 수 없었지만 20대화자들에서는 2번째 음절의 수치가 고정적으로 높아지는 일정할 경향을 발견할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.155-163
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the items that were used in entrance examination for science gifted education center for elementary school students by using content analysis and classical item analysis. In content analysis, objective type items exhibited matter and interpreting data were dominant. And essay type items consisted of creativity items, evaluated creative problem solving ability. Item difficulty and discrimination index, on the whole, were appropriate. Comparing with objective type, essay type has higher discrimination index. In correlation analysis between total score and score of each type of items, total score has the highest correlation with matter items, interpreting data and creativity.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.8-19
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine whether the MMPI-2-RF serves as a useful tool to differentiate between the subtypes of high risk of suicide among psychiatric outpatients. Methods : Patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry of university hospital. Participants were diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria by board certified psychiatrists. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. And participants were put into 4 groups (Suicide ideation, Suicide attempt, Non-suicidal self-injury, and general psychiatric diagnosis as a control group). For statistical comparison, the MANCOVA with gender as a covariate was used. Results : The results indicated that as previous research with non-clinical sample suggested, psychiatric outpatients with high suicide risk also have significantly higher Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction, Helplessness/Hopelessness, Suicidal/Death Ideation, Demoralization, Cognitive complaints, Cynicism, Dysfunctional negative thoughts than general psychiatric patients group. But group differences within the high suicide risk patients have not been observed. However, suicide attempt group and NSSI group has higher Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction, RC4, AGG than general psychiatric patients group. But there was no difference between suicidal idea group and general psychiatric patients group. Conclusions : There was no group difference observed between all three subtypes, which mean the MMPI2-RF may not be the useful diagnostic tool to navigate high suicide risk subtypes. Even though there was no difference observed in the suicide ideation group, suicide attempt group and NSSI group have higher aggression and externalization. So those indexes could serve as a useful marker to investigate riskiness of suicide related symptoms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.74-79
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 한국인'의 정서 연구에 적합한 시각자극의 표준화를 위해서 한국정서사진체계(Korean Affects Picture System: KAPS)의 제작을 수행하면서 얻어진 결과를 간략히 보고하고자 한다. 총 210개의 시각자극 사진을 선정하여 슬라이드로 제작하고, 충남대학교 남녀 대학생 442명 (20-25세)을 대상으로 의미변별척도와 기본정서 평정척도를 사용하여 주관적 정서반응을 측정하였다 의미변별척도 평정치의 요인분석 결과 18개의 양극성 형용사는 3개의, 정서차원, 즉 즐거움, 각성도, 지배성 차원으로 구분되었다. 이는 국제정서사진체계 (IAPS)의 시각자극을 사용하여 미국인을 대상으로 수행한 연구 결과 및 한국인을 대상으로 수행한 연구 결과와 잘 일치하고 있다. KAPS에 포함되는 시각자각 수는 연구가 계속됨에 파라 지속적으로 확대되며, 실험방법 및 각자의 사진에 대한 세 차원(즐거움, 각성도, 통제력) 및 비연속 기본 정서(기쁨. 공포, 슬픔, 혐오, 놀람, 분노)에 관한 주관적 평정치를 포함하는 manual을 제작하여 정서연구자들에게 제공한다. 다른 연구자들에 의해서 얻어진 평정치 자료들도 계속해서 추가 보완될 것이다. 이를 통해서, 안으로 우리 나라에서의 정서 연구방법의 표준화 및 인구성과의 공유화를 위한 토대를 만들 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.143-151
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• 2019

Grit, defined as "perseverance and passion for long-term goals", is a known personality trait that successfully predicts high performance in various fields. In spite of extant evidence of the effectiveness of grit, research has not yet clarified the relationship between grit and conscientiousness, a highly correlated personality trait. In this study(N = 355), we examined the effect of grit and conscientiousness on academic achievement, mediated by self-determination motivation. As a result, grit and conscientiousness both predicted academic performance, and intrinsic motivation mediated these relationships. However, conscientiousness no longer related with motivation and academic achievement when grit was controlled for, whereas grit maintained its relationship with motivation and achievement even when conscientiousness was controlled. This result indicates that although the two psychological concepts overlap to some extent, grit has a unique motivational and behavioral effect that distinguishes it from conscientiousness. The present study expands the current understanding of grit with its comparison between grit and conscientiousness. We suggest future research ought refine the grit scale to establish its discriminant validity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.19-22
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• 2013

네트워크 분석이 확산되면서 여러 분야에서 다양한 중심성 척도가 개발되어 활용되고 있으나 가중 네트워크에서 지역중심성을 측정할 수 있는 척도로는 최근접이웃중심성 이외에는 거의 알려져 있지 않다. 최근접이웃중심성 척도는 동률값이 흔히 나타나므로 변별력이 낮다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이 연구에서는 최근접이웃중심성 척도를 일반화한 이웃중심성 척도를 제안하고 가상 자료 및 실제 자료에 대해 적용하여 검증해보았다.