• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.111-114
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the reproductive performance of average (less than 10,000 liters milk in 305 days) and high yielding (more than 10,000 liters milk in 305 days) Holstein cattle at commercial dairy herds (n=22). Data on milk progesterone (10 to 60 days postpartum), days to post-partum estrous, days to post-partum conception, service per conception and calving interval were recorded for two consecutive years. Post-partum milk progesterone concentration and days to reach peak milk progesterone concentration were similar in high and average yielding cows. High yielding cows took more days to show signs of first postpartum estrous than average yielding cows. Post-partum conception was 20 days earlier in average yielding cows than high yielding cows. Artificial insemination per conception was similar between average and high yielding cows. Calving interval was 26.9 days longer in high yielding cows compared to average yielding cows. In conclusion, better reproductive and feeding management may help improve the reproductive performance of high yielding dairy cattle in commercial dairy farms.

• ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.158-165
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• 2018

The present study was undertaken to investigate the reproductive performance of the female breeding pigs after artificial insemination (AI) using the frozen boar semen imported from Canada, thereby finding insights into improving the efficiency of AI using the frozen semen (FSAI). Analyzed in the present study were the records of a total of 626 FSAI in a great grandparent (GGP) farm beginning from May through November of the year of 2016 (Farm A) and 2,024 FSAI beginning from 2015 through 2017 from a second GGP farm (Farm B). Both the total number of piglets born (TNB) and the number born alive (NBA) were greater during May than during September within FSAI (p<0.05) in Farm A (p<0.01 for the effect of the month). In Farm B, no difference was detected between the years in any of the farrowing rate, TNB, and NBA. When the records from Farm A and Farm B were pooled, the farrowing rate was greater for Farm A vs. Farm B (p<0.01), with no difference between the two farms in TNB and NBA. Moreover, TNB and NBA were less for FSAI than for AI using the liquid semen (LSAI; $10.9{\pm}0.3$ vs. $13.4{\pm}0.1$ and $10.0{\pm}0.3$ vs. $12.0{\pm}0.1$ piglets, respectively, for FSAI vs. LSAI in TNB and NBA, respectively; p<0.01). In conclusion, these results suggest that the reproduction efficiency for FSAI, which is lower than that for LSAI, could be improved by selecting an optimal period of the year for the use of the former.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.113-125
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low feeding level of concentrate after sexual maturity(14 month old) on the growing and breeding performances in Hanwoo cows. Eighteen cows(average body wt. 251kg) were alloted to two groups by completely randomized design, and fed a commercial formula feed by 0.8%(T1) and 1.2%(T2) of body weight for 30 months of total experimental period(feeding trial of 20 months, breeding trial of 10 months). When the results of this experiment compared to the Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo(2012), the reason of low growing performance in T1 was induced from low protein intake rather than energy. The change of body size by feeding levels was significantly appeared at chest width and body length, particularly chest width of cows in T1 was rather reduced by 3.7% in the final than the initial measurement. Ovarian size of T1 was only 63% of T2, and pregnancy rate(33.3% : 77.8%) and birth wight of calf(22.5kg : 29.5kg) were also seriously repressed by low intake of dietary protein after sexual maturity in Hanwoo cow. It was appeared that the growing and breeding performances of Hanwoo cows were more affected by the level of dietary protein rather than energy in the feeding after sexual maturity.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2011

To monitor the reproductive patterns of endangered common chimpanzee including annual reproductive cycle, amenorrhea, breeding season, and pregnancy diagnosis, Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immuno Assay (TR-FIA) was used to trace MRH (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). In result of this research, age was not the important factor in determining the reproduction capability in common chimpanzee; it was rather greatly influenced by the combination of various factors such as individual's fertilizing ability, presence of obstetrical diseases, the pattern of mating behavior, and the mental communication under the introduction of a mating partner. This research will play an important role in operating conservation project for common chimpanzees and can be extended also for shedding new light on understanding human menopause and obstetrical diseases.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the reproductive and growing performances in sow farms located in Chungnam. Data collected from a total of 15 sow farms divided into 3 farm groups for 1 year were analyzed. The results obtained were as follows; The average of sow at small and large farms were 114.25 and 487.88 heads, respectively. And then, the difference among 3 groups in sow farm was not found significantly in farrowing rate. The significant difference among 3 farm groups was significantly found(p<0.05) in total litter size. The litter size born alive at sucking in small sow farm and middle farms were 9.93, and 10.48 pigs. The difference between small and large farms in number of pigs at weaning were significantly shown 8.89, and 9.35 pigs(p<0.05), respectively. The difference among 3 sow farms for ages at weaning showed significantly (p<0.05). The cycles of farrowing rate per year in small, large and middle farms were 2.17, 2.23 and 2.32, respectively. The significant difference among 3 sow groups was found in farrowing rate(p<0.05). The growing rate up to weaning for middle farms was significantly the higher level(94.70%) than that for other farms(p<0.05). The differences among 3 farm groups for marketing weight were not significantly shown.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.87-87
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• 2001

도살장에서 구입한 소의 난소로부터 회수한 미성숙 난포란을 체외에서 성숙, 수정시킨 후, 2~8세포기 수정란을 CR$_1$aa 체외배양액에 일정량의 aesculetin, taurine을 첨가하여 체외배양을 실시한 두 처리구간의 항산화 효과를 비교 검토하고, aesculetin과 taurine에 growth factor(EGF, PDGF)를 첨가배양하여 체외수정란의 체외발육에 항산화제와 growth factor의 상호작용 효과를 검토하였다. 대조구, aesculetin(1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) 및 taurine(2.5mM)을 첨가하여 체외수정란을 체외배양시킨 결과 상실배이상 발육된 체외발육율은 각각 46.5%, 64.3% 및 60.5%로서 대조구보다 aesculetin과 taurine 첨가구가 유의하에 높은 성적을 얻어, aesculetin과 taurine이 체외수정란의 체외발육에 높은 효과를 나타냈다. 대조구, aesculetin (1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) ＋ PDGF (1ng/$m\ell$) 첨가구, aesculetin (l$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) ＋ EGF (10ng/$m\ell$)첨가구, taurine (2.5mM) ＋PDGF (1ng/$m\ell$) 첨가구 및 taurine (2.5mM)＋EGF (10ng/$m\ell$) 첨가구에서 배반포기 발육율은 각각 46.0%, 70.0%, 58.0%, 56.0 및 66.0%로써 처리구가 무첨가구에 비해 유의하게 높은 성적을 얻어(P<0.05), 항산화제와 growth factor의 첨가 배양이 체외수정란의 체외발육에 상승효과가 있음이 입증되었다. 배양액에 천연추출 aesculetin과 상품화된 aesculetin을 첨가하여 체외배양을 실시한 결과 배반포기 발육율은 대조구, 천연추출 aesculetin 및 상품화된 aesculetin 첨가구에서 각각 38.6%, 54.6% 및 53.5%로써 첨가구가 무첨가구보다 높은 성적을 얻어, aesculetin의 항산화 효과가 입증되었다(P<0.05). 그러나 모든 처리구에서 배반포까지 발육된 체외수정란의 세포수에는 커다란 차이가 인정되지 않았다.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.88-88
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• 2001

소 난포란을 체외에서 성숙, 수정시킨 후, 2~8 세포기 수정란을 체외배양액인 CR$_1$aa에 일정량의 nitric oxide scavenger, Hb와, inhibitor인 L-nitro - L- arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)를 첨가 배양하여 체외발육에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 실시하였다. 체외수정 후 체외배양 48시간에 난구세포의 제거 유.무에 따라 CR$_1$aa 배양액에 hemoglobin을 0, 1, 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$를 첨가한 구의 상실배기이상 체외발육성적은 난구세포를 제거한 구에서 23.8%, 33.3% 및 26.8%였으며, 난구세포를 제거하지 않은 구에서는 각각 39.5%, 54.8% 및 48.8%로써 난구세포를 제거하지 않은 구에 Hb를 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$를 첨가한 구가 여타구 보다 통계적으로 높은 결과를 얻었다(P<0.05). 체외수정 후 체외배양 96시간 후 난구세포를 제거 유.무에 따라 Hb를 0, 1, 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$를 첨가하였을 때, 상실배기 이상 체외발육성적은 난구세포를 제거한 구에서 각각 28.6%, 46.2% 및 39.1%였으며, 난구세포를 제거하지 않은 구에서는 각각 33.9%, 67.2% 및 46.0%로써, 난구세포를 제거하지 않은 구에 Hb를 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$첨가구가 여타구에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다( P<0.05).CR$_1$aa배양액에 L-NAME를 0, 10, 50 및 100mM을 첨가한 구에서 상실배이상 발육된 체외발육성적은 각각 55.6%, 64.9%, 58.8% 및 66.7%로써 L-NAME 첨가구가 무첨가구에 비해 커다란 차이가 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). 본 실험의 결과로 볼 때, nitric oxide scavenger인 hemoglobin의 첨가는 체외수정 후 체외배양 96시간에 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ 첨가하는 것이 체외수정란의 체외 발육율을 향상시켰으며, nitric oxide inhibitor인 L-NAME는 첨가 농도에 관계없이 체외수정란의 체외발육율에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험에서 생산된 배반포기 체외수정란의 세포수에는 커다란 차이가 인정되지 않았다.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of extenders such as Beltsville thawing solution(BTS), Modena and Androhep, preservation temperature and period of liquid boar semen on semen characteristics and reproductive performance. Boars were raised at Swine Artificial Insemination Center in National Livestock Research Institute, Sunghwan, Chungnam, Korea. This experiment was carried out from 1995 to 2000. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Sperm motility in the samples with Androhep and BTS reduced from day 5 and in the samples with Modena reduced from day 3 of storage. pH or 3 extenders varied from 6.24 to 7.04 during day 1 to 5 of storage. Farrowing rate of sows inseminated with liquid boar semen offended with BTs, Modena and Androhep extenders did not show any differences until day f after semen collection. Sows inseminated with Androhep extender had better farrowing rates (P＜0.05) than those with Modena extender at day 1 or 5 after semen collection, but farrowing rates after AI using BTS did not differ compared to those Androhep and Modena. Litter size did not show any differences among the three extenders, but Androhep had the decreased litter size from day i of storage. 2. Motility and normal acrosome of the sperm preserved at 5$^{\circ}C$ did not show any differences until day 4 of storage, but those at 17$^{\circ}C$ changed from day 3 and 4, respectively. Farrowing rate of sows artificially inseminated with liquid boa. semen preserved at 17$^{\circ}C$ had higher, than at 5$^{\circ}C$ (p＜0.05), but there was no significant differences in litter size. Farrowing rates and litter size were decreased from day 2 and day 3 of storage at 17$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Farrowing rate of sows inseminated with the preserved semen at 5$^{\circ}C$ did not changed until day 4, but the litter size at 5$^{\circ}C$ was lower than that at 17$^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2003

한우의 사육규모가 커짐에 따라 농가에서 암소의 번식관리는 더욱 어려워지게 되었으며 이를 효율적으로 조절하고자 다양한 발정제어 처리에 따라 수태시켰으며 이에 따라 임신한 한우번식우의 분만내역과 다음번 번식에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 1) 발정유기 방법별분만율은 PeGF$_2$$\alpha$구에서 73%(73/100), PRID구에서 73.3%(22/30), CIDR구에서 76.6%(23/30), GnRH-PGF$_2$$\alpha$-GnRH 처리구에서 81%(81/100)였으며 전체적으로 76.5%(199/260)로 나타났다. 2) 생시체중은 자연발정구에서 암송아지는 23.9kg, 수송아지는 26.2kg인 반면에 발정유기구에서는 암송아지는 24kg, 수송아지는 24.9kg으로써 거의 차이를 보이지 않았고, 4개월령 체중에 있어서도 자연발정구에서 암송아지 72kg, 수송아지 75kg인 반면에 발정유기구에서는 암송아지 75.6kg, 수송아지 78.3kg으로 발육상에 차이가 없었다. 3) 송아지 육성율은 자연발정구에서 86.5%(251/290)이었으며, 발정유기구에서는 87.0% (175/201)로써 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 농가의 사육경험에 따라 6년 이상에서는 84.0% (105/125)였고, 10년 이상에서 88.4%(146/165) 로써 사육 경험이 많을수록 우수하였다. 4) 분만후 발정재귀일수는 대조구에서 80.7일, PGF$_2$$\alpha$구에서 92.3일, PRID구에서 78.5일, CIDR구에서 64.5일, GnRH-PGF$_2$$\alpha$-GnRH 처리구에서 65.6일로 나타났고 분만 후 수태일수는 대조구에서 137.1일, PGF$_2$$\alpha$구에서 147.6일. PRID구에서 141.3일, CIDR구에서 116.6일, GnRH-PGF$_2$$\alpha$-GnRH 처리구에서 118일로 나타났다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and trend of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs, which were raised on private farms from 1999 to 2005 and tested for their reproductive performance by the Korea Animal Improvement Association. Prior to analysis, records without pedigree or having value with larger than±3×standard deviation for the Total number of born were excluded. The effects of breed and environmental factors were estimated with least square method(Harvey, 1979), and estimation of breeding values and genetic parameters were performed on the data of 1’st litter only with GIBBSF90(Misztal, 2001) which was programmed according to Gibbs Sampling method based on Bayesian Inference by Gianola and Fernando(1986), Jensen(1994) and others. Gibbs sampling was performed 50,000 times for each parameter, and the first 5000 samples were regarded as those in burn-in period and thus, excluded for post hoc analysis. Total number of born and total number of accident were statistically significant(p<0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects, and the number born alive at birth was statistically significantp<(0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects. No particular trend was observed in the genetic and phenotypic improvement of the total number of born and number born alive at birth before 2001, when the piglet registration system started, but the tendencies of increasing for the total number of born and number born alive and decreasing for the total number of accident were observed since 2001. Somewhat higher heritability estimates of our study seems to be attributed to the situations that first parity records with poor farrowing performances were used in the analyses and it was impossible to obtain accurate reproductive performance due to the absence of criteria for record keeping at the level of individual farms.