• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2003

Purpose : Four kinds of Haemophilus influenzae type b protein conjugate vaccines, PRPD, PRP-T, PRP-OMP and PRP-CRM197, have been developed, and PRP-T vaccines are currently produced by two manufacturer, $ActHib^{(R)}$ by Aventis and $Hiberix^{TM}$ by GlaxoSmith-Kline Biologicals. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of $Hiberix^{TM}$ in Korean infants. Methods : Seventy-three healthy infants(43 male infants) were recruited for this study after parental informed consent was obtained. Each infant was vaccinated at 2, 4 and 6 months of age with the study vaccine. At each visit, infants were also immunized with DTaP, trivalent oral polio vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine when indicated. The serum anti-PRP antibody was measured at prevaccination, 2 month later after the 2nd dose, and 1 month later after the 3rd dose by the ELISA method. The local and systemic adverse reactions of vaccination were monitored for 3 consecutive days after each immunization. Immunogenicity of vaccine was evaluated in infants who received all the scheduled immunization and the adverse reactions were evaluated for infants who received at least one dose of the study vaccine. Results : Among seventy three infants, enrolled in this study; sixty three(37 male infants) completed all the scheduled immunizations. The geometric mean titer(GMT) of anti-PRP antibodies at prevaccination was 0.17 ${\mu}g/mL$(95% confidence interval[CI]; 0.13~0.22). The GMT of anti-PRP antibodies increased to 4.14 ${\mu}g/mL$(95% CI; 2.65~6.48) at 2 month later after the 2nd dose of PRP-T and 14.65 ${\mu}g/mL$(95% CI; 10.83~19.81) at 1 month later after the 3rd dose. Anti-PRP antibody ${\geq}0.15$ ${\mu}g/mL$, was observed in 98.4%(95% CI; 91.8~100) after 2 doses and 100%(95% CI; 100~100) after 3 doses. Anti-PRP antibody ${\geq}1.0$ ${\mu}g/mL$, was obtained in 77.8%(95% CI; 67.5~88.0) after 2 doses, and 98.4%(95% CI; 95.3~100) after 3 doses. Most of the adverse reaction after vaccination were mild. Irritability, the most common systemic reaction, was observed in 45.5%, followed by drowsiness(30.5%), poor feeding(26.7%) and fever(5.6%). Among the local reactions tenderness was observed in 7.9%, redness(${\geq}5$ mm) in 2.8% and swelling(${\geq}5$ mm) in 1.8%. Conclusion : The PRP-T vaccine used in this study was highly immunogenic and safe in Korean young infants. The finding that high GMT and high frequency of infants with a protective titer achieved after 2 doses is consistent with the previous studies which were done with a PRP-T vaccine of other manufacturer. This study suggests that the immunization schedule of PRP-T vaccine for Korean infants may need re-evaluation.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• 제36권5호통권415호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2004

최근 야외에서 ND가 간간히 발생하고 있다는 소식이 들려오고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 ND 발생의 경우 독특한 양상을 띠고 있다. 첫째는 $2\~3$년의 주기로 발생이 되고 있으며 둘째는 $4\~6$월 사이에 발생이 집중 된다는 점이다. 고병원성 가금 인플루엔자(HPAI)를 겪은 우리에게 혹 긴장감이 느슨해지면서 농장의 차단 방역과 방역에 소홀해짐으로 올 봄 ND 대유행의 홍역을 치르는 것은 아닌지 다시 한번 경각심을 가져 보게 되면서 농장에서 관심을 갖고 있는 ND 분무 접종에 대해 이야기해보고자 한다. $5\~6$년 전까지만 해도 분무 백신에 대한 관심이 별로 없었던 게 사실이다. 그전 같았으면 음수 백신으로 백신 방법을 대치하고 말았을 것을 분무 백신을 해야 하는지? 또 어떻게 해야 하는지? 주의해야 할 점은 무엇인지? 등 여러 가지 질문을 받게 된다. 농장 부화장으로부터 분무기에 대한 관심도 부쩍 높아졌고, 이제는 대부분의 농가들이 분무 백신의 효능과 안전성에 대해 확신을 갖고서 꾸준히 실시하고 있는 것을 알 수가 있다. 대부분 많은 시행착오를 거쳐 나름대로의 기술력을 갖추게 되었고 많은 효과를 보고 있다고 말할 수가 있다. 그러나 아직 일부 농가들은 분무 백신 후 방어력과 후유증 즉, 안전성에 대해 많은 의심을 갖고 있으면서 시간과 노동력이 많이 소요되는 점안 백신을 하는 경우도 종종 보고있다. 이에 수년간의 경험을 통해 필자가 보는 견지에서 분무 백신을 하는데 있어 여러 가지 고려해야 할 사항, 주의 사항, 효과를 최대한 높이기 위한 방법 등을 알아보고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the main characteristics of the COVID-19 vaccine-related videos spread on YouTube and differences in user responses in the infodemic situation caused by COVID-19. As a result of content analysis of 579 videos related to the COVID-19 vaccine, it was found that all of the false information was written by individual channels. Institutions, organizations, media companies, and government channels reported spread of false information as well as fact-oriented reporting. The progressive channel had a high percentage of positive sentiment in favor of vaccination, and the conservative channel had a high percentage of negative emotion against vaccination. After the vaccination started, the number of videos on government channels increased, and it was found that the number of videos with positive emotions increased. Results of regression analysis of video characteristics that affect the number of likes indicated that personal expert videos and videos from progressive channels received more likes. Combining the research results, we propose a plan to promote government policies regarding the COVID-19 vaccine using social media.

• Smart Media Journal
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2021

As the COVID-19 vaccination begins, it is necessary to safely store and manage the vaccination history for vaccinated people, as well as provide only the minimal information for the requested purpose, not in the form of all or nothing, to the institution requesting vaccination personal information. This paper proposes a scheme to safely store and manage the people's vaccination records in a non-forgeable blockchain, and to ensure that users provide only the minimal information necessary to the verifier from their vaccination personal information. A user authorizes the verifier to access the information he has consented with by entering the fingerprint on his smartphone, and in this process, no personal information or secrets can be exposed to an attacker. In addition, it is guaranteed that it is neither possible to impersonate the user nor to steal user personal information even in the case of theft or loss of the smartphone, or leakage of information from the vaccination history management institution. Using the scheme, users have no fear on external exposure of personal information and follow-up damage due to excessive information provision by giving out only the minimal information suited to the verifier.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.198-208
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• 2002

Purpose : There is no scientific basis for an immunization policy for children with renal disease who have increased risk of infection in Korea. As an initial step in approaching this problem, this survey of pediatric nephrologists was undertaken to determine the current recommendations of practicing pediatric nephrologists Methods : Questionnaires were sent to the members of Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology via mail and E-mail. The questionnaire was designed to obtain information about the immunization practice of basic vaccination schedule for nephrotic syndrome, the side effects after vaccination and the immunization practice about recommended vaccines for children with renal disease. Results : Questionnaires were sent to 56 pediatric nephrologists. 35 replies were received (response rate: 62.5%). Almost of the respondents (82.8%) reported practicing at university hospital. All respondents reported modified vaccination schedule. 65.7% of the respondents immunized nephrotic children with live vaccines some time later after discontinuation of corticosteroids treatment and 57.1% of respondents immunized them with killed vaccines during medication of low doses of corticosteroids. Respondents experienced relapse of nephrotic syndrome after vaccination are nine, lack of vaccine efficacy are three and infection by organisms of live vaccines are two. 71.4% of respondents reported vaccinating children with renal disease for hepatitis B, pneumococcus and influenza during medication of low doses of corticosteroids. But There is few difference of the rates of respondents vaccinating them for Hemophilus influenzae type b between during medication of low doses of corticosteroids and after discontinuation of corticosteroids treatment (45.7% us 42.9%). Almost of respondents reported vaccinating renal failure children without immunosuppression for hepatitis B, pneumococcus, influenza and H. influenzae type b ($54.3{\sim}77.1%$). Conclusion : Pediatric nephrologists practiced modifying vaccination schedules for children with renal disease in Korea and there was variation according to the progression of disease and the doses of corticosteroids. It is necessary to establish the immunization guideline for children with renal disease through the prospective studies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.323-329
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• 2022

In this study, users of the display system designed for the conference hall were evaluated as an example of a temporary space marking system for vaccination at a COVID-19 vaccination center in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province.Unlike ordinary space, temporary space display systems organize space on a limited schedule, so it is necessary to properly place and communicate information about space and processes in the display design to users. Therefore, a paper description manual, a wall display panel, and a floor path tape were provided and deployed to users of the inoculation session. The results of user evaluations show that for specific users over 60 years of age, a file (information display system) that conveys the overall information about the space and process is effective for vaccination. This result is expected to serve as a reference to how and how the display system will be installed in a temporary space in the future.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2000

Purpose : Active immunization against hepatitis A with an inactivated vaccine reveals excellent immunogenicity, tolerability and protective efficacy. Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines have been selectively used since 1996 in Korea to prevent hepatitis A. This study was performed to assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity after two doses of HM175 strain hepatitis A vaccine in healthy Korean children. Methods : 128 healthy children(M/F; 65/63) aged 1 to 15 years, who were seronegative for hepaitatis A, participated in this study. A alum-adsorbed vaccine containing 720 EL.U of antigen form HM175 hepatitis A strain per 0.5 mL dose was injected intramuscularly on the deltoid area. The second dose was given 6 months later, Anti-HAV antibodies were measured by ELISA before and 1 month after each vaccination to assess the immunogenicity. Any local and general adverse events were reported by patients parents with the prepared questionnaire after each vaccination. Results : 120 volunteers(M/F; 60/60) completed the whole series of the study. Seroconversion occurred in all cases after primary and booster vaccination. The mean anti-HAV antibody titer after primary vaccination was 389.2mIU/mL, and 3,609mIU/mL after booster vaccination. And levels of anti-HAV antibodies after booster immunization were significantly higher in female children. The most common local adverse event was soreness on the injection site, but it was mild and resolves within 3 days. Fever was not reported after booster vaccination. Conclusion : Based on these data, we conclude that the inactivated HM175 strain hepatitis A vaccine is highly immunogenic and tolerable in healthy Korean children.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.524-527
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• 2012

구제역은 급성 발열, 파행을 일으키며, 혀, 발굽, 콧등, 유두 등에 수포형성이 특징인 질병으로 소와 양, 염소는 지속감염(캐리어)동물이 될 수 있으며, 감염된 소의 경우 2-3년 동안 바이러스를 체내에 보유할 수 있다. 따라서 구제역의 정확한 진단 및 예찰은 구제역 청정화를 유지하고 관리하는 데 있어서 매우 중요한 일이다. 우리나라는 2010년 구제역이 발생하여 전국적으로 확산되는 상황에서 백신을 접종했다. 구제역 감염항체로 알려져 있는 비구조단백질 (non-structural protein : NSP) 항체를 검출하면 감염동물과 백신접종 동물을 감별하는 것이 가능하다고 알려져 있으나, 전국적인 백신접종으로 복잡한 축산현장에서는 NSP 검사결과를 해석하는 것이 어려운 경우가 생길 수 있다. 따라서 역학 등과 진단 결과를 종합하여 그 의미를 적절히 파악하는 것은 중요하다. 본 글에서는 구제역 방역에 있어서 중요한 실험법인 NSP 검사법의 실체와 결과의 의미에 대한 이해를 돕고자 하였다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

Purpose : This post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was conducted in Korea to assess the safety and reactogenicity of hepatitis A vaccine (GlaxoSmithKlineBiologicals'$Havrix^{TM}$) administered to the Korean population. Methods : A total of 1,188 healthy subjects with 1,122 subjects <6 years of age were enrolled to receive one dose of the hepatitis A vaccine from April 2005 to January 2006. Diary cards were provided to the subjects or subjects' parents for reporting solicited and unsolicited symptoms during the 4-day and 31-day post-vaccination follow-up period. Results : The number of subjects who returned diary cards was 568, whereas, 620 subjects did not return diary cards. Among the subjects who returned diary cards, 9.9% and 14.3% reported local and general solicited/unsolicited symptoms. Among the subjects who did not return diary cards, 1.6% and 8.4% reported local and general solicited/unsolicited symptoms. At least one unsolicited symptom was reported by 13.2% of the subjects. Conclusion : Results indicate that the vaccine was well-tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile. The use of diary cards in such a survey provided a prompt and reliable option for recording symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influenza vaccination rate and vaccination-related factors in adult diabetics in Korea using the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS). Data on 228,261 adults aged 19 years and over were derived from the KCHS, which was conducted in 2015. Sociodemographic factors, health behavior, comorbid diseases, and subjective health status were analyzed for their relationships with influenza vaccination by the chi-squared test and multiple logistic analysis. As a result, the level of influenza vaccination rate among adult diabetics in Korea was as low as 62.4%. For those with diabetes, Influenza vaccination was related with age, gender, education level, residency, marital status, occupation, smoking, health screening, and comorbid diseases (p<0.05). In conclusion, in order to increase the influenza vaccination rate among diabetic patients, systematic education and publicity are essential to raise awareness of vaccination. At the same time, the government should support them with their policies such as free vaccination expansion.