• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.639-642
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• 2002

오늘날 영화, 게임, 애니메이션 등 다양한 분야에서 사용되고 있는 군중 장면은 모델러의 많은 수작업을 필요로 한다. 모델러에게 있어 배경과 배경 물체들 그리고 수많은 에이전트들을 적절히 배치해야 하며, 매 프레임마다 이들 간에 충돌이 얼도록 적절히 움직여 주어야 하는 수작업은 비능률 적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 군중 장면 연출 도구를 제작하여 군중들을 배치할 수 있는 방법과, 배경 물체들과 군중 사이 그리고 군중을 이루는 에이전트들 사이의 충돌 회피 방법을 제시한다. 이를 통해 모델러는 군중을 일일이 배치하고, 매 프레임마다 군중을 적절히 움직여 주어야 하는 수작업에 드는 시간을 모델링에 투자함으로 작업 효율을 높일 수 있다. 또한 본 논문의 군중 장면 연출도구는 마야 플러그인으로 개발되어 대표적인 모델링 도구인 마야와 연동하여 군중 장면을 연출할 수 있는 장점을 가진다.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.449-455
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• 2014

Detection of moving objects is a fundamental task in most of the computer vision applications, such as video surveillance, activity recognition and human motion analysis. This is a difficult task due to many challenges in realistic scenarios which include irregular motion in background, illumination changes, objects cast shadows, changes in scene geometry and noise, etc. In this paper, we propose an foreground extraction algorithm based on codebook, a database of information about background pixel obtained from input image sequence. Initially, we suppose a first frame as a background image and calculate difference between next input image and it to detect moving objects. The resulting difference image may contain noises as well as pure moving objects. Second, we investigate a codebook with color and brightness of a foreground pixel in the difference image. If it is matched, it is decided as a fault detected pixel and deleted from foreground. Finally, a background image is updated to process next input frame iteratively. Some pixels are estimated by input image if they are detected as background pixels. The others are duplicated from the previous background image. We apply out algorithm to PETS2009 data and compare the results with those of GMM and standard codebook algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.2419-2424
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• 2013

In a conventional MOG algorithm, a small threshold for background decision causes the background recognition delay in a periodic background and a large threshold makes it recognize passing objects as background in a stationary background. This paper proposes the improved MOG algorithm using adaptive threshold. The proposed algorithm estimates changes of weight in the dominant model of the MOG algorithm both in the short and long terms, classifies backgrounds into the stationary and periodic ones, and assigns proper thresholds to them. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm decreases the maximum number of frame in background recognition delay from 137 to 4 in the periodic background keeping the equal performance with the conventional algorithm in the stationary background.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.129-132
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 기존의 배경 분리 알고리즘 결과에 GrabCut 알고리즘을 도입하여 보다 정확한 배경 분리를 수행하고자 한다. 기존의 알고리즘은 동영상의 프레임 간 정보만을 이용하여 배경 확률 모델을 만들고 배경과 전경을 분리한다. 제안하는 알고리즘에서는 먼저 프레임 간의 정보를 이용하여 간단하게 배경과 전경을 분리하는 기존의 배경 분리 알고리즘을 적용한다. 분리된 결과의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 프레임 내의 정보를 이용하는 GrabCut 알고리즘을 적용한다. 즉, 본 연구에서는 동영상의 프레임 간 정보와 프레임 내 정보를 모두 이용하여 배경과 전경을 분리하고자 한다. 실험결과에서 Change Detection Workshop dataset 에 포함된 몇 가지 영상에 대해 실험 한 후 결과 영상 비교 및 F-measure 를 통해 개선된 결과를 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.238-244
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• 2013

In energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, the removal of the continuum on which the X-ray spectrum is superimposed is one of the most important processes, since it has a strong influence on the analysis result. The existing methods which have been used for it usually require tight constraints or prior information on the continuum. In this paper, an efficient background correction method is proposed for Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectra. The proposed method has two steps of background modeling and background correction. It is based on the basic concept which differentiates background areas from the peak areas in a spectrum and the SNIP algorithm, one of the popular methods for background removal, is used to enhance the performance. After detecting some points which belong to the background from a spectrum, its background is modeled by a curve fitting method based on them. And then the obtained background model is subtracted from the raw spectrum. The method has been shown to give better results than some of traditional methods, while working under relatively weak constraints or prior information.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2007

In the video with a various environment, background modeling is important for extraction and recognition the moving object. For this object recognition, many methods of the background modeling are proposed in a process of preprocess. Among these there is a Kumar method which represents the Queue-based background modeling. Because this has a fixed period of updating examination of the frame, there is a limit for various system. This paper use a background modeling based on the queue. We propose the method that major parameters are decided as adaptive by background model. They are the queue size of the sliding window, the sire of grouping by the brightness of the visual and the period of updating examination of the frame. In order to determine the factors, in every process, RCO (Ratio of Correct Object), REO (Ratio of Error Object) and UR (Update Ratio) are considered to be the standard of evaluation. The proposed method can improve the existing techniques of the background modeling which is unfit for the real-time processing and recognize the object more efficient.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.6
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• pp.405-412
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• 2010

Previous background generation techniques showed bad performance in complex environments since they used only temporal contexts. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose a new background generation method which incorporates spatial as well as temporal contexts of the image. This enabled us to obtain 'clean' background image with no moving objects. In our proposed method, first we divided the sampled frame into m*n blocks in the video sequence and classified each block as either static or non-static. For blocks which are classified as non-static, we used MRF framework to model them in temporal and spatial contexts. MRF framework provides a convenient and consistent way of modeling context-dependent entities such as image pixels and correlated features. Experimental results show that our proposed method is more efficient than the traditional one.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2008

This paper presents a system for recognizing sunglasses and a mask of an ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) user. The proposed system extracts firstly facial contour, then from this extraction results it estimates the regions of eyes and mouth. Finally, it recognizes sunglasses and a mouth using Histogram Indexing based on those regions. We adopt a face shape model to be able to extract facial contour and to estimate the regions of eyes and mouth when those regions are occluded by sunglasses and a mask. To improve the fitting accuracy of the shame model, we adopt 2-step face detection method and conduct fitting several times by varying the initial position of the model instance. To achieve a good performance of the face detection method based on a background model, we enable the system to automatically update the background model. In experiment, we present some experiments on setting parameters of the system with images taken from in our laboratory, and demonstrate the results of recognizing sunglasses and a mask.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.366-369
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• 2005

Background subtraction is mainly used for the real-time extraction and tracking of moving objects from image sequences. In the outdoor environment, there are many changeable factor such as gradually changing illumination, swaying trees and suddenly moving objects, which are to be considered for the adaptive processing. Normally, GMM(Gaussian Mixture Model) is used to subtract the background adaptively considering the various changes in the scenes, and the adaptive GMMs improving the real-time performance were worked. This paper, for on-line background subtraction, applied the improved adaptive GMM, which uses the small constant for learning rate ${\alpha}$ and is not able to speedily adapt the suddenly movement of objects, So, this paper proposed and evaluated the dynamic control method of ${\alpha}$ using the adaptive selection of the number of component distributions and the global variances of pixel values.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.51-61
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• 2018

This The purpose of this study is to propose a Technology Transfer Commercialization Model(TTC Model) that reflects the domestic background of R&D, technology transfer and its commercialization. This study outlines the existing technology commercialization model, examines the background of domestic technology transfer, presents TTC Model, and introduces the application of this model. As a result of this study, the TTC Model suggested the role of each participant in each stage and divided into the provider-led domain and the consumer-led domain. The use of this model can be applied to a technology provider in a way that progressively reduces its role. In the case of technology users, it can be used a corporate innovation model that gradually expands leading to commercialization and profit realization. This study is meaningful in that it clarifies the roles and the level of leadership of technology transfer entities.