• Title/Summary/Keyword: 방해이온

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Crystal Growth of rutiles doped with Impurity Ions by Floating Zone Method (부유대용융법에 의한 불순이온 주입된 $TiO_2$단결정 성장 연구)

  • 이성영;유영문;김병호
    • Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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    • 1999.04a
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    • pp.1-1
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    • 1999
  • 부유대용융법에 의하여 불순이온의 종류와 각 이온의 주입 농도를 달리하는 Rutile 단결정을 성장하였다. 성장된 결정으로부터 제조한 박편시료를 이용하여 결정결함과 광투과도에 미치는 각 불순이온의 영향을 조사하였다. 결정성장용 주원료로 99.99%의 TiO2를 사용하고, 불순이온 주입을 위한 원료로서 99.99%의 Al2O3, H3BO3, Ga2O3, Sc2O3, V2O5, Fe2O3, ZrO2, Er2O3, Cr2O3를 각각 사용하였다. 불순이온의 종류에 따르는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 TiO2 99.8 atomic%-불순이온 0.2atomic%의 조성이 되도록 각 이온별로 원료를 정밀하게 평량하고 균일 혼합하였다. 불순 이온의 첨가량에 따르는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 Al2O3는 각각 pure, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 atomic%를, Cr2O3는 pure, 0.003, 0.05, 0.2 atomic%를 각각 치환하여 원료를 조합하였다. 균일 혼합된 원료를 직경 8mm의 고무 튜브에 넣고 CIP(Cold Isostatic Press0에서 2000kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$의 압력으로 성형한 후 150$0^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 소결함으로서 결정성장용 다결정 원료를 합성하였다. 합성된 다결정을 double ellipsoidal mirror 내에 설치하고,halogen lamp로 가열하여 원료의 한쪽 끝을 용융한 다음, 20rpm의 회전속도, 3-5mm/hr의 성장속도로 하는 유속 1$\ell$/min의 O2 분위기속에서 부유대용융법에 의하여 결정을 성장하였다. 성장된 결정을 성장축에 수직한 방향으로 각각 절단, 연삭, 연마한 박편을 이용하여 편광하에서 low-angle grain boundaries 및 기타의 결정결함을 관찰하였으며, 0.3$\mu\textrm{m}$~0.8$\mu\textrm{m}$ 범위 및 0.6$\mu\textrm{m}$~3.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ 범위에서의 투과 및 흡수 스펙트럼을 측정하였다. 결정 성장 결과 B3+, Er3+, Cr3+ 이온은 Ti4+ 이온과 이온의 크기 차이가 심하여 결정의 정상적인 성장을 방해하는 물성을 나타냈고, V5+, Cr3+ 이온은 흑색의 결정, Fe3+ 이온은 적갈색의 결정으로 성장되었다. Al3+, Zr4+, Al3+의 순서로 투과도가 높아지는 것이 관찰되었다. 불순이온의 농도에 따른 영향으로서 Al3+ 이온의 경우 주입농도가 높아질수록 low angle boundary와 oxygen deficiency가 감소하였고, 투과율은 조금 감소하거나 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 Cr3+ 이온을 주입한 경우 0.003 atomic%에서 최적의 물성을 보였으며, 주입농도가 높아질수록 결정성장이 어려워지고 광의 투과도가 급격히 저하되었다.

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Determination of Copper Ion with 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol Immobilized on Surfactant-Coated Alumina (계면활성제를 코팅한 알루미나에 부동화한 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol을 이용한 구리이온의 정량)

  • Absalan, G.;Goudi, A.Aghaei
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 2007
  • The present paper describes a procedure for separation, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of copper in natural water samples by using 2-mercaptobenzimidazol as the complexing agent. The proposed method is based on the surfactant aggregation formed on γ-alumina by mixing sodium dodecyl sulfate and γ-alumina in water; 2-mercaptobenzimidazol was incorporated into inner hydrophobic part of produced ad-micelles in acidic media to produce an assemble suitable for preconcentration and determination of copper ion. Optimum experimental conditions for adsorption of μg/ml levels of copper ions from aqueous solution by the adsorbent have been reported. The copper ions were quantitively adsorbed by the sorbent over the pH range of 7.1-8.0 and were quantitatively desorbed afterward by using sulfosalycilic acid as the eluent. The determination of copper was not interfered in the presence of common metal ions. The procedure was applied for analysis of river water sample. Relative standard deviation was found to be 4.91%.

Solvent Extraction of Lithium Ion in Aqueous Solution Using TTA and TOPO (TTA와 TOPO를 이용한 수용액 중의 리튬이온 용매추출)

  • Lee, Jeon-Kyu;Jeong, Sang-Gu;Koo, Su-Jin;Kim, Si-Young;Ju, Chang-Sik
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2013
  • For the purpose of development of the extraction process of lithium ion from concentrated water eliminated from desalination process, an experimental research on the solvent extraction of lithium ion from aqueous solutions was performed. The effects of operating parameters, such as concentration of extractant, ratio of extracting solution/aqueous solution, pH of aqueous solution, were examined. The effect of sodium chloride, the major component of sea water, was also examined. Lithium ion in aqueous solutions of pH=10.2~10.6 adjusted by ammonia solution was most effectively extracted by extracting solution composed of 0.02 M TTA and 0.04 M TOPO in kerosine. The addition of sodium chloride in lithium aqueous solution significantly interfered the extraction of lithium ion.

Active Transport of Acidic Amino Acids in Suspension Cultured Brassica sp. Cells (배추과 식물현탁배양 세포내에서 산성 아미노산의 능동수송)

  • 조봉희
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 1995
  • The acidic amino acids, aspartate and glutamate, which have a negative charge in physiological pH, possess the same transport system as neutral amino acids according to the competitive inhibitory studies with the neutral amino acids. The neutral amino acids cotransported with one H+ per molecule, and one K+efflux per one molecule for charge compensation (Cho,1994), but the acidic amino acids cotransported with two H+ per one molecule, and one K+ efflux per one molecule. The active transport system, which possess the same carrier but cotransported with the different number of H+, reported for the first time. from the results, we can see that one of cotransported H+ protonated at first carboxyl group of pK$_3$ of acidic amino acids, and then as a neutral form cotransported with H+ Therefore, Brassica possess two amino acids transport system for 20 amino acids, namely general - and basic amino acids transport system. The evolutionary meaning of amino acid carriers described with other reported plants.

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Capture of Metal Ions by Cross-linked Sulfonic Acid Type Ion Exchange Membranes (가교제를 도입시킨 술폰산형 이온교환막의 금속이온 포집)

  • Kim, Min;Kim, Ye-Jin;Park, Sang-Jin
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.333-340
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    • 2009
  • This paper is designed with the purpose of improving the efficiency of the sulfonic acid ion exchange membranes by radiation induced graft polymerization. It has been shown that the porous hollow fiber membranes could cause permeability blocking between pores and ion exchanged graft chains. Addition of crosslinker such as N-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate will permit to increase the permeation flux. In this research, the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DDMA) with different length are used as crosslinkers. The ion exchanged cross-linked membrane (EDMA, DDMA) containing sulfonic acid group by radiation induced grafted polymerization are sn died for adsorb metal ions (Pb). It has been shown that adsorbed metal ions ($Pb^{2+}$) for the EDMA and DDMA membranes with the density of sulfonic acid groups, 1.40 mmol/g and 2.14 mmol/g, respectively are 13.82 mg/g, 17.37 mg/g, accordingly.

A Study of TSDC for Li2B4O7 Single Crystal (Li2B4O7 단결정의 TSDC에 관한 연구)

  • Cha, Jong Won
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.269-277
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    • 1998
  • The TSDC(Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current) measurement were carried out in the temperature range $30{\sim}500^{\circ}C$. We observed the anomalous two peaks that have a thousand times longer relaxation time than that of the space charge. It seems that the origin of the two peak are due to the electron trapping effect and to the adsorption of the vacancies at silver electrode.

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The Molybdate-Sensing Electrodes (Molybdate 이온 感應 電極)

  • Ihn, Gwon-Shik;Lee, Jung-Hwa;Min, Tae-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.238-243
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    • 1984
  • Three component $Ag_2S-PbS-PbMoO_4$ electrodes have been prepared and evaluated for sensitivity to molybdate. The 64.5 : 14.0 : 21.5(w/w%) composition is superior in terms of potentiometric response, stability, rapidity of response and reproducibility. Testing was done over the concentration range of $10^{-1}{\sim}10^{-5}M\;MoO_4^{2-}\;in\;0.1F\;NH_4Ac-NH_4OH$ buffer solution at pH 7.95 with constant ionic strength. $I^-,\;Cl^-,\;Br^-\;and\;CN^-$, etc. interfere.

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Properties and Performance of Electroactive Acrylic Copolymer-Platinum Composite Modified with Sodium Montrnorillonite (Sodium Montrnorillonite로 개질한 아크릴계 IPMC의 물성과 전기 구동 특성)

  • Jeong, Han-Mo;Kim, Byung-Chon;La, Young-Soo
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.380-384
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    • 2005
  • Fluoroalkyl methacrylate and acrylic acid were bulk radical copolymerized in the presence of pure sodium montmorillonite or macromer intercalated sodium montmorilonite to get a fluorinated acrylic ionomer/sodium montmorillonite composite, and their physical properties, such as X-ray diffraction pattern, tensile properties, and water uptake, were examined. These composites were used to preparean ionic acrylic polymer-platinum composite (IPMC). The current and deformation responses of these IPMCs by external voltage applied across the platinum electrodes deposited on both sides of IPMC showed that the cation migration from anode to cathode was suppressed in the presence of sodium montmorillonite, causing reduced current and deformation.

A Study on the Tungstate-Sensing Electrodes (Tungstate Ion 감응 전극에 관한 연구)

  • Gwon-Shik Ihn;Jung-hwa Lee;R. P. Buck
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 1983
  • Three component $Ag_2S-PbS-PbWO_4$ electrodes have been prepared and evaluated for sensitivity to tungstate. The 51.71 : 16.64 : 31.65(w/w%) composition is superior in terms of potentiometric response, stability, rapidity of response and reproducibility. Testing was done over the concentration range $10^{-1}~10^{-4}M WO_4^{2-}$ in $0.1F-NH_4Ac-NH_4OH$ buffer at pH 8.00 with constant ionic strength. The quality of response is similar to that of corresponding phosphate-sensing electrode. Many common ions interfere.

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Ion-Pair Extraction of Cs Radionuclides by Dicyclohexyl-24-crown-8 and Tetraphenylborate for Their Determination in Reactor Coolant (Dicyclohexyl-24-crown-8과 Tetraphenylborate에 의한 원자로 냉각수로부터 세슘 핵종의 이온쌍 용매추출)

  • Ihn-Chong Lee;Si-Joong Kim;Chul Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.262-267
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    • 1983
  • A study has been carried out for a scheme of the selective extraction and determination of cesium, sodium and nuclides by the ion association with dicyclohexyl-24-crown-8 and sodium tetraphenylborate from primary coolant of a pressurized water reactor. For that purpose, the effects of hydrogen, cesium and borate ions on the extraction have been investigated. Interferences of iodine and xenon nuclides were found but could be removed by reducing with sodium thiosulfate and back extraction with 1 N hydrochloric acid solution, respectively.

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