• Title/Summary/Keyword: 방제비용

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Breeding of a Mid Maturing Watermelon Cultivar, 'Hangyeol' with Resistance to Anthracnose Race 3 (수박 탄저병 Race 3 저항성 중생종 수박 '한결' 육성)

  • Huh, Yun-Chan;Hong, Kue-Hyon;Ko, Ho-Cheol;Park, Kyoung-Sub;Park, Dong-Kum;Lee, Joong-Sup;Cho, Myeoung-Cheoul;Lee, Sok-Young;Ko, Kwan-Dal;Lee, Woo-Moon
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.695-698
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    • 2010
  • The incidence of Anthracnose causing severe damage to the foliage and fruit in watermelon has increased in some major watermelon producing areas in Korea. To develop anthracnose resistant line, 'AU-Producer' having resistant gene to anthracnose was selected from germplasm and crossed with high quality line '920533'. Following the initial cross, backrossing and disease screening were performed to select resistant lines that produced high yields with excellent quality fruit. As a results of these procedure, a mid maturing watermelon line, 'Hangyeol' with resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) race 1 and 3 was developed at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA). It has red flesh and commonly produces fruit with clear stripes on skin between 5.3 to 10.1 kg. Average soluble solid contents are ranged from 9.8 to 11.8$^{\circ}$Bx. The yield and quality of 'Hangyeol' is comparable to or better than those harvested from the popular commercial cultivars. The achievement of this experiment could contribute to provide the resistant parents in an anthracnose resistance breeding program in watermelon.

Breeding of a Mid-Late Maturing Watermelon Cultivar, 'Hanbit' with Resistant to Anthracnose Race 3 (수박 탄저병 Race 3 저항성 중만생종 수박 '한빛' 육성)

  • Huh, Yun-Chan;Hong, Kue-Hyon;Ko, Ho-Cheol;Park, Kyoung-Sub;Park, Dong-Kum;Lee, Joong-Sup;Cho, Myeoung-Cheoul;Lee, Sok-Young;Ko, Kwan-Dal;Lee, Woo-Moon
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.699-702
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    • 2010
  • Anthracnose is a major limiting factor of the watermelon production in Korea. A mid-late maturing watermelon line, 'Hanbit' with resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) race 1 and 3, was developed by the cross between anthracnose resistant cultivar 'AU-Producer' and high quality inbred line '920533' at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA). 'Hanbit' produces 5.4 to 9.5 kg of red flesh fruits with clear stripes on skin. Average soluble solid contents are ranged from 10.4 to 11.2$^{\circ}$Bx. The yield and quality of 'Hanbit' was comparable to or better than those harvested from the popular commercial cultivars. 'Hanbit' can be cultivated in open fields and under the protected green house condition. In addition to the commercial production, it can be used as a resistant material in $F_1$ hybrid breeding program.

Preparation and Application of Cultivation Management Map Using Drone - Focused on Spring Chinese Cabbage - (드론 기반의 재배관리 지도 제작 및 활용방안 - 봄배추를 대상으로 -)

  • Na, Sang-il;Lee, Yun-ho;Ryu, Jae-Hyun;Lee, Dong-ho;Shin, Hyoung-sub;Kim, Seo-jun;Cho, Jaeil;Park, Jong-hwa;Ahn, Ho-yong;So, Kyu-ho;Lee, Kyung-do
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.637-648
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    • 2021
  • In order to support the establishment of a farming plan, it is important to preemptively evaluate crop changes and to provide precise information. Therefore, it is necessary to provide customized information suitable for decision-making by farming stage through scientific and continuous monitoring using drones. This study was carried out to support the establishment of the farming plan for ground vegetable. The cultivation management map of each information was obtained from preliminary study. Three cultivation management maps include 'field emergence map', 'stress map' and 'productivity map' reflected spatial variation in the plantation by providing information in units of plants based on 3-dimensions. Application fields of the cultivation management map can be summarized as follows: detect miss-planted, replanting decision, fertilization, weeding, pest control, irrigation schedule, market quality evaluation, harvest schedule, etc.

Problems on Cultural Technique in Large Scale Mechanized Rice (벼 대규모 기계화 재배에서의 기술상 문제점)

  • Chae, Je-Cheon;Koo, Chun-Sur;Park, Rhoe-Deok
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.243-249
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    • 1996
  • To formalize the mechanization technique so as to build up competitiveness on the international market, a detail survey of a 104ha size rice farm, was made. And calculated to find out how many machine of each calibre are needed. It was found that he needed : 3 farm tractors, 3 combines, 4 grain dryers, 1 speed sprayer, 100 man days of labor for sowing, application of fertilizer and herbicide, respectively. And also needed 150 man days for combine harvesting and 60 man days for disease and pest control. It was found also that well timed harvesting is critically needed to keep rice quality. Because, in case when harvesting machine was beakdown to make harvesting time extended, then the quality drops down very much and also the farm income fall very much. Therefore, it is recommended that the amount of machine needed should be prepared and they should be well maintained so that harvest be completed in time.

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Utilization of Weather, Satellite and Drone Data to Detect Rice Blast Disease and Track its Propagation (벼 도열병 발생 탐지 및 확산 모니터링을 위한 기상자료, 위성영상, 드론영상의 공동 활용)

  • Jae-Hyun Ryu;Hoyong Ahn;Kyung-Do Lee
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.245-257
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    • 2023
  • The representative crop in the Republic of Korea, rice, is cultivated over extensive areas every year, which resulting in reduced resistance to pests and diseases. One of the major rice diseases, rice blast disease, can lead to a significant decrease in yields when it occurs on a large scale, necessitating early detection and effective control of rice blast disease. Drone-based crop monitoring techniques are valuable for detecting abnormal growth, but frequent image capture for potential rice blast disease occurrences can consume significant labor and resources. The purpose of this study is to early detect rice blast disease using remote sensing data, such as drone and satellite images, along with weather data. Satellite images was helpful in identifying rice cultivation fields. Effective detection of paddy fields was achieved by utilizing vegetation and water indices. Subsequently, air temperature, relative humidity, and number of rainy days were used to calculate the risk of rice blast disease occurrence. An increase in the risk of disease occurrence implies a higher likelihood of disease development, and drone measurements perform at this time. Spectral reflectance changes in the red and near-infrared wavelength regions were observed at the locations where rice blast disease occurred. Clusters with low vegetation index values were observed at locations where rice blast disease occurred, and the time series data for drone images allowed for tracking the spread of the disease from these points. Finally, drone images captured before harvesting was used to generate spatial information on the incidence of rice blast disease in each field.

Study on the Technological System of the Cooperative Cultivation of Paddy Rice in Korea (수도집단재배의 기술체계에 관한 연구)

  • Min-Shin Cho
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.129-177
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    • 1970
  • For the purpose of establishing the systematized technical scheme of the cooperative rice cultivation which has most significant impact to improve rice productivity and the farm management, the author have studied the cultivation practices, and the variation of rice growth and yield between the cooperative rice cultivation and the individual rice cultivation at random selected 18 paddy fields. The author also have investigated through comparative method on the cultivation practices, management, organization and operation scheme of the two different rice cultivation methods at 460 paddy fields. The economic feasibility has been ana lysed and added in this report. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows; 1. In the nursery, the average amount of fertilizer application, especially, phosphate and potassium, and the frequency of chemicals spray for the disease, insect and pest control at the cooperative rice cultivation are significantly higher than those of the individual rice cultivation. 2. The cultivation techniques of the cooperative rice farming after the transplanting can be characterized by a) the earlier transplanting of rice, b) the denser hills per unit area and the lesser number of seedlings per hill, c) the application of larger quantities of fertilizer including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium, d) more divided application of fertilizers, split doses of the nitrogen and potassium, e) the increased frequencies of the chemicals spray for the prevention of disease, insect and pest damages. 3. The rate of lodging in the cooperative rice cultivation was slightly higher than that of the individual rice cultivation, however, the losses of rice yield owing to the occurrence of rice stem borer and grass leaf roller in the cooperative rice cultivation were lower than that of the individual rice cultivation. 4. The culm length, panicle length, straw weight and grain-straw ratio are respectively higher at the cooperative rice cultivation, moreover, the higher variation of the above factors due to different localities of the paddy fields found at the individual rice cultivation. 5. The number of panicles, number of flowers per panicle and the weight of 1, 000 grains, those contributing components to the rice yield were significantly greater in the cooperative rice cultivation, however, not clear difference in the maturing rate was observed. The variation coefficient of the yield component in the cooperative cultivation showed lower than that or the individual rice cultivation. 6. The average yield of brown rice per 10 are in the cooperative rice cultivation obtained 459.0 kilograms while that of the individual rice cultivation brought 374.8 kilograms. The yield of brown rice in the cooperative rice cultivation increased 84.2 kilogram per 10 are over the individual rice cultivation. With lower variation coefficient of the brown rice yield in the cooperative rice cultivation, it can be said that uniformed higher yield could be obtained through the cooperative rice cultivation. 7. Highly significant positive correlations shown between the seeding date and the number of flowers per panicle, the chemical spray and the number of flowers per panicle, the transplanting date and the number of flowers per panicle, phosphate application and yield, potassium application and maturing rate, the split application of fertilizers and yield. Whilst the significant negative correlation was shown between the transplanting date and the maturing rate 8. The results of investigation from 480 paddy fields obtained through comparative method on the following items are identical in general with those obtained at 18 paddy fields: Application of fertilizers, chemical spray for the control of disease, insects and pests both in the nursery and the paddy field, transplanting date, transplanting density, split application of fertilizers and yield n the paddy fields. a) The number of rice varieties used in the cooperative rice cultivation were 13 varieties while the individual rice cultivation used 47 varieties. b) The cooperative rice cultivation has more successfully adopted improved cultivation techniques such as the practice of seed disinfection, adoption of recommended seeding amount, fall ploughing, application of red soil, introduction of power tillers, the rectangular-type transplanting, midsummer drainage and the periodical irrigation. 9. The following results were also obtained from the same investigation and they are: a) In the cooperative rice cultivation, the greater part of the important practices have been carried out through cooperative operation including seed disinfection, ploughing, application of red soil and compost, the control of disease, insects and pests, harvest, threshing and transportation of the products. b) The labor input to the nursery bed and water control in the cooperative rice cultivation was less than that of the individual rice cultivation while the higher rate of labor input was resulted in the red soil and compost application. 10. From the investigation on the organization and operation scheme of the cooperative rice cultivation, the following results were obtained: a) The size of cooperative rice cultivation farm was varied from. 3 ha to 7 ha and 5 ha farm. occupied 55.9 percent of the total farms. And a single cooperative farm was consisted of 10 to 20 plots of paddies. b) The educational back ground of the staff members involved in the cooperative rice cultivation was superior than that of the individual rice cultivation. c) All of the farmers who participated to the questionaires have responded that the cooperative rice cultivation could promise the increased rice yield mainly through the introduction of the improved method of fertilizer application and the effective control of diseases, insects and pests damages. And the majority of farmers were also in the opinion that preparation of the materials and labor input can be timely carried out and the labor requirement for the rice cultivation possibly be saved through the cooperative rice cultivation. d) The farmers who have expressed their wishes to continue and to make further development of the cooperative rice cultivation was 74.5 percent of total farmers participated to the questionaires. 11. From the analysis of economical feasibility on the two different methods of cultivation, the following results were obtained: a) The value of operation cost for the compost, chemical fertilizers, agricultural chemicals and labor input in the cooperative rice cultivation was respectively higher by 335 won, 199 won, 288 won and 303 won over the individual rice cultivation. However, the other production costs showed no distinct differences between the two cultivation methods. b) Although the total value of expenses for the fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, labor input and etc. in the cooperative rice cultivation were approximately doubled to the amount of the individual rice cultivation, the net income, substracted operation costs from the gross income, was obtained 24, 302 won in the cooperative rice cultivation and 20, 168 won was obtained from the individual rice cultivation. Thereby, it can be said that net income from the cooperative rice cultivation increased 4, 134 won over the individual rice cultivation. It was revealed in this study that the cooperative rice cultivation has not only contributed to increment of the farm income through higher yield but also showed as an effective means to introduce highly improved cultivation techniques to the farmers. It may also be concluded, therefore, the cooperative rice cultivation shall continuously renovate the rice production process of the farmers.

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Development of tracer concentration analysis method using drone-based spatio-temporal hyperspectral image and RGB image (드론기반 시공간 초분광영상 및 RGB영상을 활용한 추적자 농도분석 기법 개발)

  • Gwon, Yeonghwa;Kim, Dongsu;You, Hojun;Han, Eunjin;Kwon, Siyoon;Kim, Youngdo
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.55 no.8
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    • pp.623-634
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    • 2022
  • Due to river maintenance projects such as the creation of hydrophilic areas around rivers and the Four Rivers Project, the flow characteristics of rivers are continuously changing, and the risk of water quality accidents due to the inflow of various pollutants is increasing. In the event of a water quality accident, it is necessary to minimize the effect on the downstream side by predicting the concentration and arrival time of pollutants in consideration of the flow characteristics of the river. In order to track the behavior of these pollutants, it is necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficient and dispersion coefficient for each section of the river. Among them, the dispersion coefficient is used to analyze the diffusion range of soluble pollutants. Existing experimental research cases for tracking the behavior of pollutants require a lot of manpower and cost, and it is difficult to obtain spatially high-resolution data due to limited equipment operation. Recently, research on tracking contaminants using RGB drones has been conducted, but RGB images also have a limitation in that spectral information is limitedly collected. In this study, to supplement the limitations of existing studies, a hyperspectral sensor was mounted on a remote sensing platform using a drone to collect temporally and spatially higher-resolution data than conventional contact measurement. Using the collected spatio-temporal hyperspectral images, the tracer concentration was calculated and the transverse dispersion coefficient was derived. It is expected that by overcoming the limitations of the drone platform through future research and upgrading the dispersion coefficient calculation technology, it will be possible to detect various pollutants leaking into the water system, and to detect changes in various water quality items and river factors.