• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.79-89
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• 2000

장류 중 비교적 늦게 우리식생활에 도입된 고추장은 고추의 도입시기인 임진란 이후 장류의 기본인 메주와 어울려 채소류 중심의 우리 식생활에 도입되었을 것이며 지금은 우리의 모든 요리에 광범위하게 이용되고 있는 향신 조미료의 하나로 세계에 그 유례를 찾아볼 수 없다. 고추장은 크게 나눠 전통고추장과 개량식으로 구분하는 바 가장 큰 차이점은 전자는 자연 발효한 고추장 메주를 사용하는 반면 후자는 순수 황국균에 의한 koji를 이용하면서 최종 제품에 가열과정이 없는 것이다. 우리나라 고추장 수요량은 약16만 톤 정도며 매출액은 약 1,165억 원으로 추산되는데 그중 60％가 공장산으로 고추장의 제조가 급격히 주부의 손을 떠나고 있다. 전통고추장의 비중은 전체 고추장에서 미미하나 아직도 상당수의 소비자에게서 선호되고 있으며 중소형 혹은 가내 규모로 농민의 소득증대에 기여하고 있다. 전통고추장의 문제는 자연발효에 의한 품질균일화 미흡과 품질개선 노력이 부족한 점과 유통 중 변색 및 가스생성에 의한 팽창과 내용물 유출인바 이번 연구를 통하여 변색의 주원인은 빛(U.V.)과 열 임을 밝혔고 주로 효모에 의해서 발생되는 가스 및 내용물의 유출문제는 천연 항균성 물질을 함유한 양고추냉이와 겨자를 첨가하는 경우 성공적으로 방지할 수 있었으며 품질도 오히려 개선되는 결과를 얻었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.829-832
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate antioxidative and physiological activities of ethanol extracts concentration from Monascus-Fermented Chinese Yam (MFCY). The ethanol extracts from MFCY were measured to examine pigments, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and monacolin K contents. As a results show that Monascus sp. MK805, with Dioscorea japonica as the substrate can produce pigments (yellow, orange and red), DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and monacolin K content at 29.6 (yellow), 15.1 (orange), 20.4 (red), 72.8%, 1.74(OD at 700nm), 480.6 mg/kg in EtOH extract, respectively. Therefore, fermented chinese yam (Dioscorea japonica) was estimated to be effective biological activity material.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1056-1071
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the quality and microbial population changes for 90 days under two fermentation conditions, outdoors and indoors (35℃), with starters (single or mixed) in soybean paste. Bacillus velezensis NY12-2 (S1), Debaryomyces hansenii D5-P5 (S2), Enterococcus faecium N78-11 (S3), and their mixtures (M) were used for the makjang fermentation. The content of amino-type nitrogen among the makjang samples was highly shown in the indoors, followed by M, S3, and S2. The glutamic and aspartic acid contents in the M sample fermented in the indoors showed the highest values of 867.42±77.27 and 243.20±15.79 mg/g, respectively. By the electronic tongue analysis, the M sample fermented in the indoors exhibited lower saltiness and higher umami than the others. Consequently, we expect that using mixed strains, such as Bacillus, Debaryomyces, and Enterococcus, under constant conditions showed potential to the quality improvement of soy products.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.292-298
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• 2005

Kochujang(Korean red pepper paste) of 600 g was fermented in the different types of vessels (glass, polypropylene(PP), polyethylene terephthalate(PET), stainless steel and Korean porcelain called onggi) with 627 mL of volume during 4 months. The quality changes were monitored for physical, chemical and microbiological attributes. Onggi which had high porosity in the micro-structure provided kochujang with higher microbial counts of aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts than those of the other containers. Compared to kochujang fermented in the other containers, kochujang in Onggi showed higher protease activity, amino type nitrogen, and free amino acid content. The kochujang in Onggi also attained higher acidity, lower pH and higher reducing sugar concentration than those in the other containers. All changes were completed 2 or 3 months. Onggi showed water loss and salt increase of the kochujang comparable to those in the other vessels, which was from gradual clogging of the micropores during storage. All physical, chemical and microbiological changes made the kochujang in Onggi attain the sensory quality significantly better than those fermented in the other vessels.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3361-3369
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to improve the quality of black raspberry wine added with wild grape, based on selection of yeast strains and fermentation conditions. The Y1 yeast(Lalvin 71B) indicated significantly higher lactic acid, ester, fusel oil content after fermented mashing than other samples tested and had an effect on the reduction of acidity and enhanced aroma of black raspberry wine. In addition, the high fermentation temperature($25^{\circ}C$) using Y1 yeast showed much higher tendency to retain components of aroma (ethyl acetate, higher alcohols) and the highest overall preference including sensory evaluation than that of low fermentation temperture($15^{\circ}C$). Thus, the fermentation using Y1 yeast at $25^{\circ}C$ can be applied to positively improve the taste and flavor of production of black raspberry wine added wild grape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.87-102
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• 2001

콩관련 자연 발효식품의 기능성 증진은 품질 및 저장성을 증진시키는 방안, 자연 발효조건의 제조공정에서 발생될 수 있는 식품 안전성의 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안, 생리활성 기능을 제고하는 방안 등이 있을 수 있다. 현재까지의 국내외 연구결과는 대체로 주원료의 종류와 전처리 과정, 부원료의 첨가 및 배합비율, 발효균주의 종류와 첨가방법, 발효공정의 변화 등을 통하여 기능성 증진의 효과를 획득하는 것으로 되어 있다. 본 발표에서는 우리나라 콩 발효식품 중에서 전통메주와 검정콩 청국장에 한정하여 기능성 증진을 위한 기초적인 몇 가지의 실험결과를 발표하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1203-1208
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• 1998

To utilize astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki, T.) effectively, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize and monitor the vinegar fermentation conditions by two stage fermentation. In the first stage, the fermentation conditions for maximum alcohol content was $20.51\;^{\circ}brix$ in sugar concentration of astringent persimmon, 139.52 rpm in agitation rate, and 94.88 hr in fermentation time. When sugar concentration of astringent persimmon was $14\;^{\circ}brix$, maximum alcohol content predicted by response surface methodology was 7.1% at agitation rate of 40 rpm and fermentation time of 120 hr. In the second stage, the fermentation conditions for maximum acidity was 224.40 rpm in agitation rate, 176.07 hr in fermentation time. Alcohol content and acidity predicted at the optimum conditions were similar to experimental values.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.690-697
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of mulberry powder on the antioxidant activities and quality characteristics of yogurt. The samples were fermented with different amounts (0, 0.5, 1, and 3% to the yogurt quantity) of mulberry powder for 24 hr. The total phenol content, anthocyanin content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of yogurt significantly increased with higher mulberry powder content. The pH decreased with higher mulberry powder content until 16 hr, whereas the treated groups showed higher pH levels than the control group after 20 hr. Acidities of the treated groups were higher than that of the control group upon addition of mulberry powder. Citric acid, succinic acid, and lactic acid contents of the treatment group were higher than that of the control until 16 hr, whereas the free organic acid content of the control group increased after 20 hr. The amount of lactic acid bacteria increased with higher mulberry powder content until 12 hr, whereas that of the treated group tended to decrease compared to the control group after 16 hr. Color values of mulberry yogurt were lower in terms of brightness and yellowness, whereas redness value was higher compared to the control. Mulberry yogurt groups showed higher sensory attributes than the control, except for 3% added yogurt. Consumer acceptability score of yogurt with 1% mulberry powder was ranked higher than those of other yogurts in terms of overall preference, sourness, color, flavor, and sweetness. We suggest that mulberry powder can be used to improve the quality characteristics, functionality, fermentation, and sensory evaluation of yogurt.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.262-266
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• 2000

The rhizomes of Polygonatum odoratum(Dunggulle in korean name) have been used as a traditional medicine for a tonic, remedy of fevers of influenza, cough and lung trouble. In this experiment, water extract of Dunggulle was added in brewing korean traditional rice wine. Fermentation characteristics such as content of total acid, pH, temperature, total sugar and alcohol concentration were investigated during fermentation periods. Changes of fermentation characteristics were remarkable in the initial period(0~3 days), slow in the middle(4~6 days), and almost unchangeable in the final(7~10 days). Total acid content was remarkably increased during the initial period but slowly decreased afterward. As the content of Dunggulle extract is increased, total sugar content was slightly increased. At the first day of fermentation, total sugar content was 19.6% in control, 22.6, 23.3 and 25.6% in Dunggulle extract 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% added group, respectively. In the initial period, content of alcohol in control was highest than in Dunggulle extract added group. The content of alcohol in 4 kinds of wine showed highest value at the sixth day and those of control and Dunggulle extract 2.5% were 16.0, 16.1%, respectively. Sensory evaluation in taste was not significantly different among control and Dunggulle extract added group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.116-117
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• 2000

명란 젓갈은 명란에 식염 등을 가하여 염장함으로써 부패균의 번식을 억제하고 자가소화효소 및 미생물의 효소작용에 의해 분해, 숙성시킨 우리 나라 전통의 발효식품으로 독특한 감칠맛을 가지고 있어 옛부터 밥반찬으로 많이 이용되어 왔다. 그러나 저장 유통 중 품질의 변화가 심하여 현재 유통되는 조미 명란 제품은 냉장 및 냉동 보관해야 하므로 고품질 젓갈제품의 생산을 위해서는 새로운 공정 개발이 필요한 품목이다. (중략)