• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.284-290
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to identify the efficiency of online non-face-to-face English classes to propose possibilities for expanding these types of classes in a sustainable way even in the post-COVID era. Moreover, the study suggests pedagogical implications for the directions that should be further explored for online non-face-to-face English classes. To this end, the study employed an online non-face-to-face English reading class using Zoom and investigated the effects of online teaching on college students' reading comprehension via two achievement tests. The study also analyzed learners' satisfaction or dissatisfaction with this online non-face-to-face English reading class (and their reasons) through a questionnaire. Ultimately, the study found that online non-face-to-face English reading classes have a positive effect on learners' reading comprehension learning. In addition, the reasons for learners' satisfaction with online non-face-to-face classes include systematic class progress, class quality, and efficiency of learning. Instructors must be aware of the need to expand online non-face-to-face classes, for which they will have to be thoroughly prepared in advance. Instructors will also need to implement efficient online class activities, organize classes systematically with detailed explanations, and provide quick and useful feedback.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.327-340
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study aims to empirically verify about the impact of the customer satisfaction on the characteristics factors(presence, empathy, responsiveness, and interaction) on the customer satisfaction of 'Asia Model Festival', which was heldis an as untacted fashion and beauty performance that was successfully conducted in Seoul duringinyear 2020. and tThe regulatory effect of innovation resistance in the relationship of the characteristic factors and the customer satisfaction was also reviewed. The analysis showed that the characteristic factors have a positive effect on customer satisfaction, and the innovation resistance is found to control the relationship between interaction, empathy, and the customer satisfaction of the characteristic factors by the subfactor. By identifying the characteristic factors that affect the customer satisfaction of the un-tacted(Zzero Ccontact) visitors, which are expanding due to COVID-19, and studying the effect of controlling the innovation resistance, this study provides a basis for knowing what un-tacted(Zzero Ccontact) visitors need and what services they want to receive, and it presents practical implications and provides basic data for relevant research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 1991.11a
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 1991

엔진유는 엔진내에서 사용됨에 다라 마모방지제의 소모, 브로바이 가스의 혼입, 열화생성물과 첨가제간의 반응등의 영향을 받아 서서히 열화되기 시작하며, 아울러 마모방지성능 또한 변화되어간다. 열화생성물 중의 어떤 극성산화물이나 고분자생성물은 엔진마모의 감소에 기여하나, 일부 산성생성물은 부식마모를 일으킬 수도 있으며, 엔진내에서 발생되는 마모분중에는 어브레시브 마모를 발생시키는 것도 있다. 또한, 브로바이 생성물중에는 마찰면을 직접 부식시키는 성분도 있으며, 그외 부식성이 약한 브로바이 성분들도 첨가제와의 반응을 통하여 간접적으로 엔진유의 마모방지성능에 영향을 미친다. 필자는 최근의 연구에서 엔진유의 마모방지성능은 엔진에서의 열화정도에 달 현격히 변화하며, 또한 사용유의 전산가증가치와 마모량간에는 명확한 상관관계가 있다는 것을 보고한 바 있다. 본보고에서도 사용유에 함유되어 있는 성분중 마모방지성능에 크게 영향을 미치는 하이드로퍼옥사이드를 선택하여, 그 함유유인 모델열화유로 윤활하는 마모시험을 수행하여 얻은 결과에 관하여 검토하고자 한다.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2010

Aerodynamic design optimization of rotor airfoil has been performed with advanced design method for improved aerodynamic characteristics of ONERA airfoils. A multiple response surface method is used to consider various requirements in rotor airfoil design. Shape functions for mean camber line are proposed to extend possible design domain. Numerical simulations are performed using KFLOW, a Navier-Stokes solver with shear stress transport turbulence model. The present design method provides favorable configurations for the high performance rotor airfoil. Resulting optimized airfoils give better aerodynamic performance than the baseline airfoils.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2010.11a
• /
• pp.45.2-45.2
• /
• 2010

태양전지에서 사용되는 도핑 방법으로는 고온 확산 공정, 레이저 도핑 기술이 주로 사용되고 있으며 이러한 도핑기술은 태양전지 생산가격을 낮추고 변환효율을 향상시키는 핵심 기술로서 활발히 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 화학 기상 증착으로 불순물이 포함된 산화막 형성 후 고온 열처리 공정을 통하여 Si 내부의 불순물 공급을 평가하였다. 특히, 화학 기상 증착 방법으로 제조한 불순물 산화막의 불순물 농도를 반응 가스의 유량을 조절하여 Si 표면에서의 농도차를 조절할 수 있고 이를 이용하여 불순물을 Si 내부로 확산시킨다. 반응 가스의 유량과 열처리 온도를 통하여 $20{\sim}100{\Omega}/\Box$의 면저항 영역을 구현하였으며 이를 태양전지에 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.221-221
• /
• 2016

최근에 희토류 이온이 도핑된 텅스텐산(tungstates) 형광체에 대한 연구가 재조명되고 있다. 텅스텐산 형광체는 우수한 광학적 특성과 높은 화학적 안정성을 나타내기 때문에 X-선 증강 스크린(X-ray intensifying screens), 광고판용 형광 램프, 발광 다이오드, 레이저, 섬광체(scintillator), 전계방출 디스플레이 영역에 그 응용성을 넓히고 있다. 본 연구는 모체 결정 MgWO4에 희토류 이온인 Tb3+와 융제(flux)의 몰 비를 변화 시켜 고상반응법을 사용하여 합성을 하였다. 합성한 형광체를 여기 파장 281 nm로 제어하였을 시, 545 nm의 녹색 발광 스펙트럼을 관찰 하였다. Tb3+이온이 0.10 mol일 때, 가장 발광 세기가 컸으며, 몰비가 증가 할수록 발광의 세기는 점차 커지다가 0.12 mol에서 작아졌다. 주 발광 신호 이외에도 489 nm, 586 nm, 621 nm에서 상대적으로 작은 발광 스펙트럼을 보였다. XRD를 통해 분석한 결정구조는 단사정계임을 알 수 있었으며 주 피크는 $23.9^{\circ}$에서 발생 하였고 이는 (110)면에서 발생한 회절 신호이다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2001.06e
• /
• pp.373-379
• /
• 2001

When a train runs into a tunnel at high-speed, aerodynamic drag suddenly increases and the booming noise is generated at the exit of tunnel. The noise shape is very important to reduce the aerodynamic drag in tunnel as well as on open ground, and the micro-pressure wave that is a source of booming noise is dependent on nose shape, especially on area distribution. In this study, the nose shape has been optimized employing the response surface methodology and the axi-symmetric compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The optimal designs have been executed imposing various conditions of the aerodynamic drag and the micro-pressure wave on object functions. The results show that the multi-objective design was successful to decrease micro-pressure wave and aerodynamic drag of trains.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.30 no.7 s.250
• /
• pp.603-611
• /
• 2006

This paper presents the response surface optimization method using three-dimensional Wavier-Stokes analysis to optimize the blade shape of an axial flow fan. Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes equations with $k-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations using the unstructured grid. Regression analysis is used for generating response surface, and it is validated by ANOVA and t-statistics. Four geometric variables, i.e., sweep and lean angles at mean and tip respectively were employed to improve the efficiency. The computational results are compared with experimental data and the comparisons show generally good agreements. As a main result of the optimization, the total efficiency was successfully improved. Also, detailed effects of sweep and lean on the axial flow fan are discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.30 no.7 s.250
• /
• pp.700-706
• /
• 2006

This study presents a numerical procedure to optimize the shape of dimple surface to enhance turbulent heat transfer in a rectangular channel. The response surface based optimization method is used as an optimization technique with Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer with shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. The dimple depth-to-dimple print diameter ratio, channel height-to-dimple print diameter ratio, and dimple print diameter-to-pitch ratio are chosen as design variables. The objective function is defined as a linear combination of heat transfer related term and friction loss related term with a weighting factor. full factorial method is used to determine the training points as a mean of design of experiment. The optimum shape shows remarkable performance in comparison with a reference shape.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2000

To improve the performance at all design points, multi-point optimization method is implemented for the nose fairing shape design of space launcher. The response surface method is used to effectively reduce the huge computational loads during the optimization process. The drag is selected as the objective function, and the surface heat transfer characteristics, and the internal volume of the nose fairing ate considered as design constraints. Full Wavier-Stokes equations are selected as governing equations. Two points drag minimization, and two points drag / heat flux optimization were successfully performed and configurations which have good performance for the wide operation range were derived. By considering three design points, the space launcher shape which undergoes the least drag during whole flight mission was designed. For all the design cases, the constructed response surfaces show good confidence level with only 23 design points with the proper stretching of the design space.