• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.684-688
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• 2008

레이더 강우와 관련한 대부분의 연구나 실무적용이 제한을 받는 이유는 레이더 반사도 등의 원시자료를 획득하기가 어려울 뿐만 아니라 이를 처리하여 수문해석에 적용하는 과정이 간단하지 않기 때문이다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 다음과 같은 내용을 연구하였다. (1) 레이더 영상자료를 실용적으로 활용하기 위한 '레이더 영상 디지털 변환법(RAIDOM)'을 연구 개발하였다. 또한 오프라인상에서도 기상청 레이더 합성 CAPPI 이미지 자료를 디지털 강우자료로 직접 변환할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 이러한 기술은 앞으로 레이더 강우 연구와 레이더 강우의 활용성을 넓히는데 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다. (2) RAIDOM 레이더 강우와 연계한 분포형 강우유출모형을 구축하였다. 본 연구에서는 DEM, 토지피복도, 토양도로부터 분포형 강우-유출모형의 매개변수를 산정하는 방법을 상세히 연구하여 제시하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 앞으로 분포형 강우유출모형에 대한 연구와 활용성을 넓히는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다. (3) 주요 관측 레이더 호우사상을 이용하여 RAIDOM 강우와 구축된 분포형 모형의 적용성을 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 강우유출자료가 체계적으로 관리되고 있는 평창강 국제수문개발계획(IHP) 시범유역의 자료를 이용하여 모형의 매개변수 보정을 수행하였다. 강우 전 하천의 기저유량과 유역의 초기함수조건을 제외한 나머지 매개변수는 유역특성을 나타내는 인자들이므로 모든 강우사상에 대하여 일정한 것으로 가정하여 매개변수 보정을 수행하였다. 6개 주요 호우사상에 대하여 보정한 결과 4개의 호우사상에 대하여 강우-유출과정을 거의 완벽하게 재현하였으며, 2개의 호우사상에 대해서는 수문곡선의 상승과 하강은 비교적 일치하나 첨두부에서 다소차이가 발생하였다. (4) 보정된 분포형 모형을 2006년 7월에 발생한 국지성 집중호우와 한강유역 중상류지역에 걸쳐 큰 홍수량을 발생시킨 2개의 호우사상에 대하여 레이더 강우자료를 적용하여 검토하였다. 검토결과 임진강유역 3개 수위관측소와 우이천수위관측소 및 중랑교수위관측소에서 모의된 홍수수문곡선은 실측치와 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타나 본 연구에서 제시한 RAIDOM과 이를 적용한 분포형 모형이 강우유출 모의를 위하여 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다. 앞으로 태풍에 수반된 강우와 장마전선 등을 포함한 다양한 유형의 여러 가지 강우에 대한 적용을 통하여 모형의 검증과 보완을 수행하여 RAIDOM 레이더 강우와 분포형 강우유출모형을 연계한 홍수 예보 시스템으로 발전시켜 나갈 예정이다.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Seismic reflection surveying is one of the most widely used and effective techniques for coal seam structure delineation and risk mitigation for underground longwall mining. However, the ability of the method can be compromised by the presence of volcanic cover. This problem arises within parts of the Bowen and Sydney Basins of Australia and seismic surveying can be unsuccessful. As a consequence, such areas are less attractive for coal mining. Techniques to improve the success of seismic surveying over basalt flows are needed. In this paper, we use elastic wave-equation-based forward modelling techniques to investigate the effects and characteristics of seismic wave propagation under different settings involving changes in basalt properties, its thickness, lateral extent, relative position to the shot position and various forms of inhomogeneity. The modelling results suggests that: 1) basalts with high impedance contrasts and multiple flows generate strong multiples and weak reflectors; 2) thin basalts have less effect than thick basalts; 3) partial basalt cover has less effect than full basalt cover; 4) low frequency seismic waves (especially at large offsets) have better penetration through the basalt than high frequency waves; and 5) the deeper the coal seams are below basalts of limited extent, the less influence the basalts will have on the wave propagation. In addition to providing insights into the issues that arise when seismic surveying under basalts, these observations suggest that careful management of seismic noise and the acquisition of long-offset seismic data with low-frequency geophones have the potential to improve the seismic results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1307-1314
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• 2012

To reduce the effects of clutters with subsurface inhomogenities in ground-penetrating radar(GPR) images, an eigenimage based signal-processing technique is presented. If the conventional eigenimage filtering technique is applied to B-scan images of a GPR survey, relatively homogeneous clutters such as antenna ringing, direct coupling between transmitting and receiving antennas, and soil-surface reflection, can be removed sufficiently. However, since random clutters of subsurface inhomogenities still remain in the images, target signals are distorted and obscured by the clutters. According to a comparison of the eigenimage filtering results, there is different coherency between subsurface clutters and target signals. To reinforce the pixels with high coherency and reduce the pixels with low coherency, the pixel-by-pixel geometric-mean process after the eigenimage filtering is proposed here. For the validity of the proposed approach, GPR survey for detection of a metal target in a randomly inhomogeneous soil is numerically simulated by using a random media generation technique and the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) method. And the proposed signal processing is applied to the B-scan data of the GPR survey. We show that the proposed approach provides sufficient enhancement of target signals as well as remarkable reduction of subsurface inhomogeneous clutters in comparison with the conventional eigenimage filtering.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-69
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• 1997

Objective：At the present time in Korea, for a considerable proportion of children and adolescent, delinquent behavior and violence has become as a way of life in their lives and a major social problem issue as well. The contributing factors to this problem were assumed to be the negative interaction between family environment and character of adolescent. The purpose of this study is to search the relationship between these constructs and juvenile delinquency. Method：Data were collected through questionnaire survey over a period of 2 months. Subjects served for this study consisted of 1,863 adolescents including 657 delinquent adolescents and 1,206 student adolescents in Korea, sampled from Korean student population and delinquent adolescent population confined in juvenile corrective institutions, using proportional stratified random sampling method. Their age ranged between 12 and 18 years. Data were analysed by IBM PC using SAS program. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square and principal component analysis. Results：The results of this study were as follows：Inconsistency by parental child rearing patterns tended to affect delinquent behavior among delinquent adolescents. On the other hand, adolescent students were consistently reared by their parent with democratic, flexible, trusting their children and reward-oriented attitudes. In comparison of both parents in the degree of influence on their children, it was revealed that paternal child rearing pattern was more influential on their children’s behaviors than maternal’s. The psychological instability of family, disharmonious parent-child relationships tended to be contributing to delinquent behavior among delinquent adolescents. Especially, It was an interesting finding that student’s mother is the higher employed than delinquent’s mother. However working mother was more prevalent in the student’ adolescents than in student adolescents in previous studies. The delinquent adolescents have more depressive trend, more complaints of psychosomatic symptoms, the higher degree of need frustration, the more maladaptive and antisocial personality pattern than student adolescents. Conclusion：Recently, many studies on association between family factor, character of adolescent and juvenile delinquent behavior have produced relatively consistent results. This study showed that family environment and character trait of adolescent also were linked with delinquent behavior such as smoking, drinking, runaway and physical assaults etc. The results of this survey may provide impetus for future speculation and study of correlation or reciprocal interaction between family factor, character trait of adolescent and delinquent behavior during adolescence and beyond.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

Recently, stratigraphic reservoirs are getting more attention than structural reservoirs which have mostly developed. However, recognizing stratigraphic thin gas reservoirs in a stacked section is usually difficult because of tuning effects. Moreover, if the reflections from the brine-saturated region of a thin layer have the same polarity with those from the gas-saturated region, we could not easily identify the gas reservoir with conventional data processing technique. In this study, we introduced a way to delineate the gas-saturated region in a thin layer reservoir using a spectral decomposition method. First of all, amplitude spectrum with the variation of the frequency and the incident angle was investigated for the medium which represents property of Class 3, Class 1 or Class 4 AVO response. The results show that the maximum difference in the amplitude spectra between brine and gas-saturated thin layers occurs around the peak frequency independent of the incident angle and the type of AVO responses. In addition, the amplitude spectra of the gas-saturated zone are greater than those of brine-saturated one in Class 3 and Class 4 at the peak frequency while those of phenomenon occur oppositely in Class 1. Based on the results, we applied spectral decomposition method to the stacked section in order to distinguish the gas-saturated zone from the brine-saturated zone in a thin layer reservoir. To verify our new method, we constructed a thin-layer velocity model which contains both gas and brine-saturated zones which have the same reflection polarities. As a result, in the spectral decomposed sections near the peak frequency obtained by Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD), we could identify the difference between reflections from gas- and brinesaturated region in the thin layer reservoir, which was hardly distinguishable in the stacked section.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.306-333
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• 2010

Previous studies on Wolseong fortress have focused on capital system of Silla Dynasty and on the recreation of Wolseong fortress due to the excavations in and around Wolseong moat. Since the report on the Geographical Survey of Wolseong fortress was published and GPR survey in Wolseong fortress was executed as a trial test in 2004, the academic interest in the site has now expanded to the inside of the fortress. From such context, the preliminary research on the fortress including geophysical survey had been commenced. GPR survey had been conducted for a year from March, 2007. The principal purpose of the recent 3D GPR survey was to provide visualization of subsurface images of the entire Wolseong fortress area. In order to obtain 3D GPR data, dense profile lines were laid in grid-form. The total area surveyed was $112,535m^2$. Depth slice was applied to analyse each level to examine how the layers of the remains had changed and overlapped over time. In addition, slice overlay analysis methodology was used to gather reflects of each depth on a single map. Isolated surface visualization, which is one of 3D analysis methods, was also employed to gain more in-depth understanding and more accurate interpretations of the remain The GPR survey has confirmed that there are building sites whose archaeological features can be classified into 14 different groups. Three interesting areas with huge public building arrangement have been found in Zone 2 in the far west, Zone 9 in the middle, and Zone 14 in the far east. It is recognized that such areas must had been used for important public functions. This research has displayed that 3D GPR survey can be effective for a vast area of archaeological remains and that slice overlay images can provide clearer image with high contrast for objects and remains buried the site.