• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2007

In view of stringent environment regulations to control the emission of green house gases and also depleting fossil fuel reserves, it is high quality desirable to develop alternative technologies to produce high quality fuels. To this end Biomass to Liquid (BTL) technology has received much attention in recent years. BTL process generally consists of gasification of biomass to produce bio-syngas, cleaning and control of $H_{2}/CO$ mole ratio of bio-syngas and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis & upgrading systems. Choren, Germany has first developed the commercial BTL process using unique gasification system i.e., Carbo-V. A new technology to remove tars and BTX has been developed by ECN in Netherlands employing a gasification system combined with OLGA technology. Several other countries including USA and Japan are showing great interest in BTL technology. Thus in view of our national energy security and also the environmental regulations, it is essential to develop alternative technologies like BTL in order to meet the increasing demand of energy though our insufficient biomass resources. In this paper we present an overview and development status of BTL-diesel technology.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 2014

The world is in need of sustainable and eco-friendly energy sources such as microalgal biodiesel due to global warming and fossil fuel shortages. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of liquid fertilizer produced from swine manure and agriculture grade solid fertilizers as nutrient sources for microalgal biomass production. Mixed culture (Chlorella spp., Scenedesmus spp., Stigeoclonium spp.; CSS) was cultivated for 28 days in Small Scale Raceway Pond (SSRP) using various nutrient sources (swine manure liquid fertilizer, agricultural solid fertilizer, and mixture of these two fertilizers). Biomass and lipid productivity of fertilizer mixture were the highest at 0.8 g/L and 5.8 mg/L/day, respectively. These results indicate that the fertilizer mixture can provide microalgae necessary nutrient sources for stable biodiesel production and biomass growth. In addition, overall cost of microalgal cultivation and subsequently biodiesel production would be significantly reduced.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2010

The interest on the utilization of landfill gases and biogases for energy production has been increasing due to environment concerns and global warming caused by burning fossil fuels, renewable nature of these gases. Using those synthesis gases to generate energy with engine encourages more efficient collection reducing emissions into the atmosphere and generates revenues for the operators. However the lower calorific value of synthesis gases than that of LPG or CNG affects the combustion stability and power output. Thus it becomes necessary to address disadvantages involved by studying synthesis gases in technological perspective. This paper discussed synthesis gas as a fuel for 60kW dual-fuel engine to produce power in an effective way. The methane diluted with $N_2$ was used as a fuel and developed ECU and injector driver facilitated the investigations with diesel fuel.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.176.2-176.2
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• 2011

전 세계는 화석연료의 과사용으로 에너지 고갈과 환경오염의 문제에 직면하고 있으며, 자연과 공존하며 지속성장할 수 있는 신재생에너지의 이용확대에 대한 개발이 부각되고 있다. 이에 따라 지속적인 발전과 함께 에너지보존 및 효율적인 환경보존을 위한 대체 가능한 새로운 에너지의 개발에 관심이 모아지고 있다. 최근 부각되고 있는 바이오에너지(바이오에탄올, 바이오디젤, 바이오가스 등)를 생산하는 여러 가지 새로운 바이오매스 중 해조류는 이산화탄소 흡수 능력이 매우 뛰어나고, 에너지 저장성이 우수하다는 장점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 바이오매스원인 해조류의 부산물의 표면 특성 및 바이오복합재료의 보강재로써의 이용가능성에 대해 분석하였다. 바이오복합재료에서 소수성인 고분자와의 상호보완적 계면 결합은 보강재의 중요한 특성 중 하나이다. 해조류 부산물의 표면을 화학적 처리함으로써 폴리머 매트릭스와 해조류 부산물 사이의 계면결합이 향상됨을 기대할 수 있으며 이에 따라 해조류 부산물을 보강재로 사용한 바이오복합재료의 기계적 강도 또한 향상됨을 기대할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 원자힘현미경(Atomic force microscope; AFM)을 사용하여 해조류 부산물의 화학적 처리에 따른 표면특성을 관찰하였으며, 친환경적인 바이오매스인 해조류 부산물을 바이오복합재료의 보강재로써의 이용가능성에 대해 연구함으로써, 지구온난화의 주원인인 온실가스 발생을 줄이고, 자원고갈이라는 에너지 위기를 극복할 수 있는 친환경적인 대안을 제시 할 수 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.76-84
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the ethanol blending in diesel-ethanol blended fuels on the spray and combustion characteristics in a common-rail four-cylinder diesel engine. For the analysis of the spray characteristics, the spray images were obtained using a high speed camera with metal-halide lamps. From these spray images, the macroscopic spray characteristics such as the spray tip penetration and spray cone angle were investigated. Also, the combustion characteristics including the combustion pressure and the rate of heat release were studied with the analysis of the exhaust emissions in diesel-ethanol blended fuel driven diesel engine. It can be confirmed from the experiment on spray characteristics of diesel-ethanol blended fuels that the increased ethanol blending ratio induced the decrease of the spray tip penetration after the end of the injection. The spray cone angle slightly increased by the blending of ethanol fuel. In the experiment on atomization characteristics, the ethanol blending caused the improvement of the diesel atomization performance. On the other hand, at the same engine load condition, the increase of the ethanol blending ratio lead to lengthen the ignition delays, and to decrease the peak combustion pressure and the rate of heat release. Totally, the combustion and emission characteristics of ULSD and DE10 showed similar characteristics. However, in the case of DE20, CO and HC rapidly increased, and $NO_x$ decreased. It can be believed that 20% ethanol disturbed the combustion of diesel-ethanol blended fuel due to the low cetane number and evaporation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.532-544
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• 2023

Purpose: To identify and evaluate the risk of chemical fire causative substances by using thermal analysis methods (DSC, TGA) for the hazards and physical property changes that occur when newly used biofuels are mixed with existing fuels It is to use it for identification and evaluation of the cause of fire by securing data related to the method and the hazards of the material according to it. Method: The research method used in this experiment is the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC: Difference in heat flux) through quantitative information on the caloric change from the location, shape, number, and area of peaks. flux) was measured, and the weight change caused by decomposition heat at a specific temperature was continuously measured by performing thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA: Thermo- gravimetric Analyzer). Result: First, in the heat flux graph, the boiling point of the material and the intrinsic characteristic value of the material or the energy required for decomposition can be checked. Second, as the content of biodiesel increased, many peaks were identified. Third, it was confirmed through analysis that substances with low expected boiling points were contained. Conclusion: It was shown that the physical risk of the material can be evaluated by using the risk of biodiesel, which is currently used as a new energy source, through various physical and chemical analysis techniques (DSC + TGA).In addition, it is expected that the comparison of differences between test methods and the accumulation and utilization of know-how on experiments in this study will be helpful in future studies on physical properties of hazardous materials and risk assessment of materials.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.35-40
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• 2008

As the environmental pollution by the drastic increase of vehicles becomes one of the social major concerns, the method of reducing the harmful exhaust emission is being the subject of interest. Utilization of used frying oil as a raw material for biodiesel production is helpful not only for the stable supply of raw materials but also costing down the biodiesel price. This study was conducted the measurement the combustion and thermal characteristics with mixing ratio of biodiesel/diesel fuel. In this study, flash points and fire points were measured by using Tag Closed cup apparatus and Cleveland open cup apparatus. As the result, flash points, fire points and AIT increased with percentage of more contained biodiesel.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.6 s.119
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• pp.457-462
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• 2006

Our environment is faced with serious problems related to the air pollution from automobiles in these days. In particular, the exhaust emissions from diesel engine are recognized main cause which influenced environment strong. In this study, the potential possibility of biodiesel fuel and oxygenates additives (dimethoxy methane) was investigated as an alternative fuel for a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The smoke emission of blending fuel (biodiesel fuel 90vol-% + DMM 10vol-%) was reduced in comparison with diesel fuel, that is, it was reduced approximately 70% at 2500 rpm, full load. But, power, torque and brake specific energy consumption didn't have no large differences. But, NOx emissions from biodiesel fuel and DMM blended fuel were increased compared with commercial diesel fuel.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

Environmental pollution is produced by consumption of fossil fuel, therefore alternative fuels is interested for development of new energy resources and reduction of exhaust emissions for air pollution prevention. Biofuels are produced from new vegetable oil and animal fat, may be used as fuel without change of engine structure in diesel engine. In this paper, the test results on specific fuel consumption, combustion characteristics of neat diesel oil and biodiesel blends(10 vol.% biodiesel and 20 vol.% biodiesel) were presented using four stroke, direct injection diesel engine, especially this biodiesel was produced from biodiesel fuel at our laboratory by ourselves. This study showed that specific fuel consumption is increased slightly, on the other hand cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, rate of heat release and soot were decreased slightly in the case of biodiesel blends than neat diesel oil.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.142-148
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to analyze the basic flame behavior characteristics using the single fuel droplet combustion of diesel, palm-based biodiesel, and canola-based biodiesel. The results were compared and analyzed through the post processed image, which was applied the threshold level for removing noise in the raw image. The raw image was taken by a high-speed camera during the entire combustion process. At the same time, the maximum flame length, which was measured by the application code of the MATLAB program, the ignition delay, and the combustion period were compared and analyzed.