• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.135-164
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• 2004

Using the data from the KLIPS, this study categorizes unemployed women into the four mutually exclusive groups according to the two criteria (whether to have intention to work and the comparison of reservation and market wages), and investigates factors affecting the status of the unemployment of women. Heckman's sample selection regression and multinomial logit are applied for the estimation. The major results are: the proportion of unemployed women who do not have intension to work or whose reservation wages are greater than expected market wages is about 50%, and the proportion of unemployed women who have intension to work or whose reservation wages are less than expected market wages is about 50%; second, human capital, burden of child raising and household production, household economic status, the variables related to work experience are found to be the factors affecting unemployment status of women.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.187-208
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to help prepare basic data which is required for married women's vocation career education through analyzing the influence of career barriers perceived by unemployed married women on career preparation behaviors. Research subjects of this study are following. First, how are career barriers perceived by unemployed married women? Second, how are the career preparation behaviors levels of unemployed married women? Third, how is the influence of career barriers perceived by unemployed married women on career preparation behaviors? The summary of this study results are following. First, married women perceive career barriers highly in 'restriction of employment', 'discrimination', and 'child rearing environment' among 7 subordinate factors. Second, married women's average on career preparation behavior level is 3.06. When comparing with preceeding researches which analyzed career preparation behaviors levels of university students, married women's career preparation behaviors levels are relatively higher. Third, there are negative correlations between career barriers and career preparation behaviors perceived by married women. Furthermore, 'preparation/skill lack' and 'child rearing environment' factors among 7 subordinate factors of career barriers brought out negative effects on career preparation behaviors. 'Restriction of employment' factor, however, gives positive effects on career preparation behaviors. It showed that 7 subordinate factors of career barriers include 14% of career preparation behaviors.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.91-120
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• 2004

이 연구는 취업여성을 대상으로 추진되고 있는 한국 보육정책의 특성을 분석한다. 우선 취업여성을 대상으로 하는 기존 보육정책의 규정들은 무엇보다 성 평등의 관점에서 볼 때 불완전하다. 취업여성의 육아가 사회의 책임, 남녀공동의 책임이라는 인식에 못 미치고 있다. 둘째, 기존 보육정책은 일반적인 취업여성의 대리보육 지원을 표방하고 있지만 실제적으로 저소득층 영${\cdot}$유아, 영아보다는 유아에 대한 보육지원에 역점을 둠으로써 취업여성의 실제 보육수요를 충족하지 못한다. 셋째, 정부는 강제적 규정, 재정지원의 확대라는 조치들을 통해 취업여성의 보육을 지원하고 있으나 그 수준은 그렇게 강력하지 못하다. 넷째, 정책결과의 관점에서 볼 때, 그동안 보육시설은 상당한 정도로 증가하였으나 공공보육시설, 직장 보육시설의 비율은 매우 낮다. 육아휴직 정책 역시 전체적 이용률이 낮은 수준이며, 남성의 이용률은 특히 낮은 것으로 나타난다. 기업체 및 근로자의 보육실태에 대한 사례조사 결과에서도 취업여성의 육아부담은 여전히 매우 높으며, 특히 가족에 의한 대리보육 비율이 높은 것으로 나타난다. 이 연구의 정책적 함의는 보육정책이 취업여성의 육아부담을 경감하여 고용평등을 제고하고, 출산율 향상을 도모하는 방안과 연계되기 위해서는 정책의 보완이 요구된다는 것이다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.31-59
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• 2018

This study examines how the rate of transition between employment and non-employment changes with the business cycle using monthly panel data constructed from 2000-2013 Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS). In particular, we investigate whether the transition rates are different across demographic groups when the labor market is depressed. We find that, as the labor market weakens, the transition rate into non-employment significantly increases. The rates of transition into non-employment are substantially higher for female, older and less educated groups than those for male, prime-aged and more educated groups.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.41-68
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• 2002

This study explores school to work transition of female youth. Particularly, the analyses focus on a transition to the first job from the graduation, and exits of irregular employees from their first occupational status. Data used for the analysis are “The 4th Survey on Women's Employment”, collected by KWDI in 2001. The results show that it takes 1.54 years on average for transition. Significant factors that influence the probability of transition to the first job include economic situation and satisfaction level of major at college education. The general high school educated are less likely to move into the labor market. Only a half percent of irregular employees at their first jobs exits to regular employees or non-economically active status, and education levels and age cohorts have clear impacts of those exits. Majors in college education and holding irregular jobs before the graduation significantly affect the probability of being regular employees, while industry influences the exits to be non-economically active status.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.113-143
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• 2002

This research explores the effect of Korean women's human capital on their employments. The first research question is which Korean women's human capital increase the rate of women's employment. And then the second research question is which Korean women's human capital affect the kind of women's job. In general, women's representative human capital indicates the educational attainment, the training of job skill, the certificate of job, and the their health. Human capital theoriests insist that individual's human capital determines the participation into the labor market, the type of job and wage. But in Korea it is well known that highly educated women's rate of employment is very low. The method of this research is logit analysis and regression analysis, using the cross-sectional data. We find in this research that women's human capital does not have a positive effect on women's employment rate. The longer women's schooling period is, the less women's participation rates into the labor market are. Women's training of job skill, certificate of job and health does not also have a statistical significance on their employment rate. Besides women's human capital does not affect the kind of job. So human capital theory is very limited explanation on Korean women's economic activities.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

In Korea, in the process of transition from a rural society to an industrial society, the opportunities for women's economic participation increased relatively. As a result, the marriage age of women increased, and it was recognized that the economic opportunity cost of married women and their participation in economic activities lead to low birthrates. In particular, it is time for an empirical analysis to determine whether workplace types affect the fertility rate. To this end, we analyzed the effect of workplace type on fertility using the labor panel data from 2003 to 2018. The results are as follows. A statistically significant negative relationship was drawn when unemployed women were compared with women employed in the private sector. However, there was no statistically significant effect when comparing unemployed women with women working in the public sector.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.107-138
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• 2002

In general, women's labor force participation follows a M-curve pattern because women's state of economic activity usually changes by their life course stage. This research attentions that the effect of sequence of life course as well as the effects of‘marriage bar’, or‘maternity leave’is very important in understanding women's chaning economic activity status. First, this research hypothesizes that women's four patterns of job career such as‘continuous pattern’,‘discontinuous pattern’,‘non-economic activity pattern’,‘marriage leave pattern’result a significant difference in social and demographic variables. Second, this research analyzes the effect of ordering and timing of life events on women's work transition. This research investigates labor market dynamics to conceptualize labor market behaviors using longitudinal data and sequence analysis and event history analysis. We find that four patterns of job career vary by age, educational attainment, having a certificate or not, their parents’human capital and health status. And we find that the ordering and timing of‘participation in labor market’and‘marriage’determine the pattern of women's work transition.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.1-32
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• 2016

The purpose of this article is to examine the change of employment expectation using the wave 7-11 (2010-2014) of Korea Education and Employment Panel(KEEP). The three main variables are the reservation wage, which has been studied by labor economists for a long time, the convenient working environment factor, the desired job factor. Last two of which are extracted from the 15 survey questions about employment expectation using the factor analysis. Our estimates suggest that male have a higher reservation wage than female while female have a higher level of expectation overall. Women attach more importance to working environment especially. Also, university students have a higher reservation wage and set a higher value on the desired job than employees and job seekers.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.65-88
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• 2011

This study analyzed the work and retirement behavior of middle- and old-aged Koreans using panel-data based multi-state life table models. Compared to previous studies that have mainly focused on gender differences in the work and retirement behavior, this study also analyzed educational differences in the retirement life course. With respect to the heterogeneity of work and retirement experiences, this study finds that the retirement life course of men and women differs substantially. Despite their longer life spans, women are expected to have shorter working life expectancies but live in a non-working state longer, resulting in a substantially higher proportion of non-working state in their lives. In terms of educational differences, this study finds that there is little difference in the expected length of stay in the labor force across educational levels but that poorly educated persons are more likely to spend a greater proportion of their lives in the labor force due to their shorter non-working life expectancies.