• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.159-174
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• 1993

까치 살모사(AEkistrodon snatilis)의 활동기와 동면기에서 일반적인 혈액성상과 혈액내 가스함량의 변화 또한 위장관 점액세포에 대한 형태적 및 조직화학적 변화 양상을 규명 비교하고자 한다 활동기와 동면기에 까치 살모사의 혈액내 총이산화탄소량(TCO2). 이산화탄소부분압(PCO2), 산소압(PO2)과 pH는 활동기보다 동면기에 증가하였으며, 적혈구수, 혈색소, 적혈구 용적 백분율은 활동기보다 동면기에 약간 증가하는 경향이었다. 또한 백혈구수는 활동기보다 동면기에 뚜렷한 감소를 보였다 활동기와 동면기의 위점막에서는 현저한 차이는 없으나, 소장 점막은 동면기에 그 주름수가 감소하고 높이가 낮아지며 점액세포가 위축되었으며, 위 표면 점액세포는 활동기에 중성 점액질과 약간의 Sialomucin을 포함한 산성 점액질로 구성되었으나 동면기에는 중성 점액질과 Sialomucin이 약간 감소하였다 위점액경세포는 활동기에 중성 점액질만을 포함하고 있었으나. 동면기에는Sialomucin을 포함한 산성 점액질이 소량 검출되었다 소장 점액세포는 활동기에 산성점액질과 중성 점액질로 구성되었으며. 산성 점액질에는 Sulfomucin과 Sialomucirr이 포함되어 있었으나 동면기에는 Sulfomucin과 Sialomucin이 다소 감소하는 경향이었다 주사전자현미경 관찰을 통한 까치 살모사의 위장관 표면 상피세포의 미세구조적 변화는 각동면기 별로 차이를 인정할 수가 있었다. 위장관점 막 상피세포는 활동기에 비해 동면기에 상당한 구조적 위축현상을 보이는 경향을 알 수 있다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2009

The programed cell death of the cutaneous epithelial tissue during tail regression stages in anuran tadpoles of the blackspotted frog, Rana nigromaculata were visualized by the histochemical and transmission electron microscopic techniques. Metamorphotic changes in the tail regression during the period of the Shumway stage number 31 to 33 are characterized by the disappearance of mucous layer and formation of compound epithelium through cutaneous thickening. Following the TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated d-uridine triphosphate nick end labeling) staining technique, the apoptotic cells were detected at the distal region of the tail skin initially, but they can be seen at the proximal region according to their following development. It has been also revealed that the number of the TUNEL-positive cells gradually increased from apical to basal direction of the epithelial layers during the tail regressing stages. Following the TEM observation, the early apoptotic cells shown in the epithelium demonstrated condensation and margination of the chromatin material at the nuclear periphery. Another epithelial apoptotic cells were shown nuclear fragmentation, membrane blebbing and cytoplasmic condensation. Following the process of the apoptotic degradation, well preserved organelles and nuclear fragments can be identified in the cytoplasm of lysosome-rich cells, however they soon reduced to lysosomal residual bodies through the progressive degradation.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.193-205
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• 1994

In order to understand fine structural and histochemical changes in the cyst cell and he interstitial cell in the testis of the spottybelly greenling Hexagrammos agrammus associated with the reproductive cycle from January to December, 1992, there cells were studied by electron microscopy and light microscopy. The cyst cells in the mature testis show a weak affinity to haematoxylin. while they become larger in size. At this time, these cells appear to be more functional than those on the growing stage because several mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, glycogen particles and a few lipid droplets appear in the cytoplasm of the cyst cell. It appears, therefore, that the cyst cell of this species has vital functions for nutrition, secretion and steroidogenesis. Well-developed interstitial cells contain large rod-shape or spherical mitochondria with tubular cristae and the large quantities of smooth endoplasmic recticulum and electron-dense materials in the vesicle at the mature and spawning stage. The interstitial cells of this species show characteristics of steroid interstitial cells having a vesicular nucleus, mitochondria with tubular cristae, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. However, these interstitial cells of teleost give negative histochemical reactions for Sudan black B.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.570-579
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• 1995

Ultrastructural and histochemical changes of mucous cells In the freshwater and seawater-adapted guppy (Poecflia reticulatus) gills were observed by the light, scanning-and transmisslon~lectron microscopes. The mucous cells were usually located in the epithelium of primary lameilne projected from the gill arch. The rough endoplasmic retIculum and Golgi complex were hIghly developed In immature mucous cells. The mature mucous cells were nearly filled with the mucous granules. In the freshwater guppy, the histochemical properties of the mucous cells were a mixture of the neutral mucin, sialomucin and sulfomucin. When guppy was adapted to the seawater, the content of acid glycoproteins (slalomucln and sulfomucin) was decreased. In addition, the number of mucous cells in the seawater-adapted group was less than a third of those in the freshwater one. These results suggest that the seawater-adapted guppy would react to the changed osmotic stress of the seawater. And also, the environmental change by the increased salt concentraion might lead to reduce the chance of infections.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-136
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• 2013

It has been known that saliva may affect the most of oral diseases. On the contrary, several systemic conditions may affect salivary flow and cause oral dryness and psychosocial stress especially may a crucial role in the etiology of hyposalivation and oral dryness. Many studies have focused on macroscopic effects of the stress on the salivary glands by autonomic response, but on the other hand it has hardly been reported on cellular microscopic effects of the stress on the salivary glands. Therefore, this study was performed to examine clusterin, a antiapoptotic and cytoprotective protein, in the parotid glands under restraint stress condition. For this study, 18 rats were divided into 3 groups; 1) 2 rats of group I were selected as a normal control. 2) 2 rats of group II, as a experimental control were placed in the restraint cone for 2 hours 3) 14 rats of group III were placed in the restraint cone for 2 hours once a day. The rats were sacrificed immediately(group II, as a experimental control), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after application of the stress and the both parotid glands were excised. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were performed. The finding were as follows: 1. In parotid glands, repeated stress denaturalize the acinar cells, interacinous tissues and interacinous connective tissues were separated to individual acinar cells. After 4 days of experiment, there were lots of vacuoles and intercalated ducts. 2. In parotid glands, repeated stress make the rER which is in acinar cells swollen after 3 days of experiment and it was intensified to 4 days. After 5 days of experiment the edema got worse and degenerated. 3. In parotid glands, clusterin was reduced in ductal cell cytoplasm but in intercalated duct clusterin was slightly stained until 3 days prominently increased until 4 days and then decreased again after 5 days of experiment.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.224-238
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• 1992

Hepatic fibrosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the ultrastructural changes of fat-storing cells(Ito cells). For experimental induction of liver fibrosis, the rats were administered intraperitoneally with 0.5ml of 50% $Ccl_4$ solution per Kg body weight, twice weekly for 12 weeks. The rats were sacrified every week. The liver tissues were examined under light and eletron microscopes. And the immunohistochemical study of desmin was also performed. The results were summarized as follows : Light microscopic findings : The cellular infiltrations with inflammatory cells and Kupffer cells developed from 1 week after $Ccl_4$ injection, and were the most severe in 4 weeks. The strong immunoreactivity for desmin was also evident in 4 weeks. The centrilobular necrosis and fibrosis developed from 2 weeks after injection, and the necrosis persisted until 8 weeks. The progress of fibrosis was accompanied by decreases in cellular infiltration and reactivity for desmin, and increased gradual nodular formation was also observed. The cirrhosis was developed after 10 weeks. Electron microscopic findings : An increase in number of fat-storing cells was observed from 1 week after injection. Transitional cells characterized by a depletion of lipid droplets and a hypertrophy of the rER appeared after 2 weeks. The number of transitional cells with abundant collagen fibers in the extracellular spaces increased in 4 weeks. With progression of fibrosis the number of fat-storing cells decreased and proliferating fibroblasts with dilated rER were observed. According to these results it was revealed that there was an apparent transition from fat-storing cells to transitional cells and to fibroblasts. These cells had a few similar characteristics and may belong to the same cell population. Thus it was suggested that fat-storing cells might play an important role in hepatic fibrosis.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.22 no.1 s.35
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• pp.87-95
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• 2006

Immunohistochemical and ultrastuructural experiments were conducted to find out heavy metal accumulation in the intestine of an Antarctic gastropod Nacella concinna. According to the immune-histochemical experiment the apical cytoplasm of the intestinal epithelium showed positive reactions to anti-MT (rnotallothionein), indicating the presence of MT, a metal-binding protein involved in metal detoxifying process. In the transmission electron microscopic observations, the epithelial cells of the intestine exposed to Cd for over three hours showed irregular nuclear membranes, secretory granules, and probable metal granules. According to the SEM-EDS experiments on the intestine, concentration of Pb in the apical epithelium was in inverse proportion to that in the intestinal lumen. After exposing to Cd for over three days, S was rapidly reduced. Ca and Zn were rapidly increased after exposure to Cd. These elements are supposed to be concerned with the MT-reaction in the intestine. laken together, these data suggest that N. concinna could be used as a potential biomarker species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1107-1111
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• 2002

This study has been carried out to investigate the effects of the Phenolic compound on the hyperglycemic mice induced with strentozotocin (STZ). The effects of the phenolic compound were assayed by the changes of the blood glucose creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN ) levels, and insulin-immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopical observation for $\beta$ -cells of the Langerhan's islet, under the same experimental conditions. For this purpose male mice were fed with phenolic compound (PA group, IS mg/kg/day; PB group, 90 mg/kg/day)in their diet while the control group received the same commercial diet, for 6 weeks. The blood glucose contents was examined by tail vein blood once a week for 6 weeks. Samples of the pancreas removed after that period were processed for the immunohistochemical identification of $\beta$ -cells as well as for measuring ultrastructural changes of $\beta$-cells. The levels of serum glucose were decreased significantly (p<0.05) on the PB group compared with the control and PA group. The blood BUN and creatinine levels are slightly decreased in the phenolic compound feeding groups compared with control group. The $\beta$-cells on Langerhnan's islet were destructed by administration of STZ, so that a few of insulin-positive cells were observed in the control group. A lot of insulin-positive cells were observed in the PB group compared with the control group. According to the electron microscopical observation $\beta$-cells are recovered from the damage in the PA group. The $\beta$-cell contained a lot of electron dense and pale granules compared with control group. These results suggest that administration of the pear phenolic compound to the mice helped recovery from the damage induced by STZ.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 2023

This study describes the light microscopical cell types and histochemical characteristics as a preliminary study for the research on integument of the walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus in accordance with the physiological and environmental changes. The lateral line of the integument surface showed a curve in the anterior part and was straight from the middle to the posterior part. Integument is composed of outer epidermis and inner dermis. The epidermis is a stratified layer composed of epithelial cells, mucous cells, and club cells. Epithelial cells are classified into squamous superficial cell, cuboidal intermediated cell and columnar basal cell. The thickness of epidermis was 122.9 ㎛, and the ratio of epidermis thickness to body length was 0.03%. The mucous cell and club cell of unicellular gland were mainly distributed in the apical and middle layer of epidermis. The mucous cell contained mucosal materials of acidic glycoprotein. The proportion of mucous cells and club cells were 21.3 (± 7.0)% and 4.0 (± 1.0)% of epidermal area, respectively. The dermis was dense connective tissue layer and composed of mainly collagen fibers. It also contained fibrocytes, blood vessels, melanophores and scales.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2006

In addition to the removal of dying or dead lutein cells by phagocytosis in many species, macrophages exert both luteotropic effect during maturation period and luteolytic effect during degenerative period via mediating autocrine/paracrine actions of self-producing cytokines in the corpus luteum. In this experiment, immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) studies were performed to observe the morphologic changes of luteal macrophages during luteolysis. A small number of macrophages and low immunoreactivity were present at the mature stage. The number of macrophages and immunoreactivity gradually increased along the advance of luteolysis. Two subtypes of macrophages could be observed through TEM observation. One type of macrophage located between the large lutein cells contained no lipid droplets in their cytoplasm at mature stage. The other type of macrophage located near the blood vessels contained many lipid droplets in their cytoplasm during luteolysis. Particularly, no phagocytic macrophages were observed, which suggested the macrophages in the porcine corpus luteum did not involve in the phagocytotic elimination of dying lutein cells.