• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.596-605
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• 2022

This study aimed to introduce research on coerced debt victimization and interventions in the context of domestic violence. To achieve the aim, this study reviewed existing studies on coerced debt conducted in the US. This study discussed the followings: First, coerced debt was theorized by coerced control theory of domestic violence and control mechanisms of economic abuse and conceptualized as fraud and force. Second, the effects of coerced debt included credit damage, economic dependence, and barriers to housing, employment, and safety. Third, to intervene the victimization, service providers should endure uncertainty and its time consuming process of recovering, provide an intense and personalized advocacy, and overcome the problems of absence of policies to support the victims. Finally, service providers should have educations and training programs on the assessment and intervention skills of coerced debt acknowledging empowerment and safety of the victims as the most important.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2003

Indoor air quality(IAQ) in workplace and residential environments has been concern of people. Recently, Ministry of Environment in Korea has recognized the potential risk on the healthy effect related to indoor air pollution at home. Therefore, the purpose of this study was performed to measure the indoor air pollutants of IAQ at different homes and investigate to compare the perception of IAQ recognition at home from questionnaire survey in Seoul. We estimated the IAQ of selected 6 homes based on site region and housing type. The indoor air pollutants and parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, respirable suspended particulate matter($PM_{10}$), formaldehyde(HCHO), total bacteria counts, carbon monooxide(CO) and carbon dioxide($CO_2$) were monitored for summer and winter. In monitoring results, the respirable suspended particulate matter(($PM_{10}$) and indoor airborne bacteria level of home 5 and 6 were higher than the standard of the public $150{\;}{\mu}g/m^3$ and $500{\;}{\mu}g/m^3$, the level formaldehyde(HCHO) was exceed 0.1 ppm of the standard of Korea at all monitored homes. In statistics analysis, we could find a correlation between the building age and the concentration of CO, TBC were significant at 0.01 level and Relative Humidity was significant at 0.05 level for summer. Finally, the important air pollutants of IAQ in home were HCHO and total bacteria counts(TBC). And we performed a questionnaire survey of 500 people about their awareness for the importance of IAQ in our home during same period. In results, all most response of occupant has recognized the importance of IAQ at home. Therefore, it can be concluded that the IAQ of selected 6 home studied was perceived as acceptable, it is recommended that the government related IAQ was suggested the guideline and control of IAQ problems, and the occupants need to be effort to reduce the exposure of sources to undesirable pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 1997

The user's needs for the American kitchen space were studied. Especially the remodelings and the desirable changes of the rural kitchen space were examined. Pilot study was carried out by the field survey. Questionnaire with 16 open-end items had been collested bt mail in Missouris, U.S. Based on the qualitative analysis of data for 104 houses. main characteristics of users' needs for the kitchen space can be summerized as follows : 1) The residents had changed or updated materials and facilities, and had enlarged storage space to equip more cabinets. Kitchen space had been adapted to new facilities and appliances. 2) The users still wanted to have larger kitchen space, more storage space and newer floor materials. Through this study it can be concluded that users needed kitchen space to be convenient and wide enough to work.

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.9 s.194
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• pp.64-70
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• 2006

세계 100대 건설사 중 하나인 쌍용건설(주)는 1977년 창립 이래 오늘날 까지 꾸준한 성장을 보이고 있다. 해외건설 시장이 중동에 편중되었던 80년대에는 싱가포르, 말레이시아, 미국, 일본 등 해외시장 개척의 첨병 역할을 톡톡히 했으며, 인천국제공항, 경부고속철도, 경의선 등의 대규모 국책사업을 성공적으로 수행했고 더불어 고속도로, 항만, 플랜트 등을 시공하여 국가 산업 발전에도 기여하였다. 2005년 1조 1천600억 원대의 매출액과 300억 원대의 경상이익, 1조 9천억 원대의 수주를 달성하는 성과를 올린 쌍용건설(주)는 2006년의 경영 목표를 턴키 및 SOC민자사업 확대/ 지방 및 수도권 신도시 위주의 주택사업 전개/ 동남아 국가 사회기반시설공사 적극 참여 및 고급 건축분야 수주 확대 등으로 삼아 이를 이루고자 전력을 다하고 있으며, 이런 노력의 결과로 지난 7월, 인도네시아에서 미화 1억 3천만 달러 규모의 '플라자 인도네시아 확장공사'를 수주하여 건설업계의 화제가 되기도 했다.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to examine the evolution of low-cost sales housing and give suggestions for the future housing for the 21st century. This paper investigates the trends of low-cost suburban housing since world War II, as examplified by the Levitt housing in the Northeastern regions of the States. This research analyzes the trends of 14 variables including total floor area. lot size, living room size, kitchen size, mean bedroom size, master bedroom size, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, family room, garage, number of story, appliances and features, values, and values per sq ft. Nine entry-level houses were chosen as cases for comparative purpose at different points in time from 1940's to 1990's. This research finds that house sizes have been grown until 1960s, but this trend has reversed with shrinking economy and changing family lifestyles. The trend for smaller housing equipped with several features and convenient equipments will be continued for the next decades to come.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.197-198
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• 2004

This study has been done to know concretely the designs of traditional American houses in eighteen century and their specific styles based on Deerfiled town and I found out followings. First, the traditional eighteen century houses in Deerfied had a 'L'shape exterior view and a flat facade and the front door made a symmetry with sash windows. A chimney had been installed in the middle of the roof and it usually had a gable with natural materials in a simple manner. Secondly, the most important factor to design houses was a front door and it had been decorated in luxury and in a display. Lastly, the traditional American houses in eighteen century had been greatly influenced not by the that of British which is commonly taken but by the various cultural backgrounds which represented regional characteristics and was rather simple.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.161-166
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• 2002

Functional ability is an important criterion to predict the capability of older persons to maintain independent living in the community setting. This study focused on the effect of built-environment features to ameliorate declines in functional ability and reduce the likelihood of relocation. Using longitudinal data from the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (1993, 1995), relocation was analyzed for 6,225 respondents aged 70 or older. Findings are that while functional decline in household activities of daily living among older persons increased their residential moves in the community, functional declines in basic activities of daily living, household activities of daily living, and advanced activities of daily living among them increased their entrance into an institutional care facility However, they were less likely to enter an institutional care facility when their home was equipped with built-environment features such as street level ramps, special railings, modifications to allow someone in a wheelchair, grab bars or shower seat in the bathroom, and special call device or system to get help.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.876-878
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• 2003

아크차단기(Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupter:AFCI)는 주택의 배선회로에서 아크가 발생하였을 경우 위험한 아크를 검출하여 차단하는 기능을 지니고 있다. 미국에서는 1993년부터 AFCI를 개발하기 시작하여 1997년 후반에 최초의 상압용 AFCI 제품을 출시하였다. 또한 UL(Underwriters Laboratories Inc.)에서는 1999년 2월에 AFCI에 대한 최초의 제품규격인 UL1699를 출간하였다[1-5]. 본 논문에서는 AFCI에 대한 유일한 시험규격인 UL1699를 정리해 보고, 특히 AFCI의 고유기능인 아크검출기능을 시험할 수 있는 시험항목과 AFCI의 분류별 시험항목을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.441-455
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• 2008

본 논문은 단기 및 장기간에 걸쳐 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 본 논문에서는 부동산시장의 실증적 동태적 자금흐름과 수익률 분석은 VAR모형을 사용하였으며 다양한 금융 및 경제관련 변수들을 연구에 포함시키고 있다. 실증적 분석 결과에 따르면 우리나라에서도 기존의 미국 연구 사례에서와 같이 금융시장의 자금흐름을 통하여 부동산시장의 동태적 자금흐름을 예측할 수 없다는 점을 파악할 수 있다. 또한 Granger 인과성 검정 결과에 따르면 통화정책 및 증권시장 변수 모두 전국아파트 매매가격, 전국 단독주택 매매가격, 전국 전세아파트 매매가격 실질상승률 등의 부동산관련 변수에 통계적으로 유의한 영향이 크지 않음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 분산분해 결과에 따르면 전국아파트 및 전국전세아파트 매매가격 실질상승률에 대한 움직임에 코스피수익률의 영향력이 증대될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.587-595
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• 2017

The study examinesthe hindrance factors including various laws and institutions with regard to the Unbundled Parking System (UPS) that has recently attracted the greatest attention as a way to manage traffic demand for sustainable development, efficient utilization of parking spaces, and to overcome the unstable housing market.The direction of improvement of related laws and institutions is also suggested. Its usage is proven by countries such as the United States of America and France, as they have already implemented this institution. To lay the foundation for the introduction of UPS of our own country, a survey on the preference for UPS was conducted. The survey equally divided 300 respondents into three clusters based on the sales price of apartments in Seoul. The analyses revealed that all three clusters have similar preferences (cluster 1: 68%, cluster 2: 62%, cluster 3: 65%) on UPS, and younger groups seem to answer in the affirmative more than the other age groups no matter what cluster they belong to. In conclusion, the results on the estimation of selection probability on the preference of unbundled parking system and sales discount rate are as follow. The groups of non-vehicle users have higher preference on UPS. When the discount rate is 14%, 69%, 77% and 62%ofrespondents would choose unbundled parking system for clusters 1, 2 and 3, respectively (￦6,370,000/PY,￦3,930,000/PY and ￦2,270,000/PY reduce when applying avg. sales price, respectively).