• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.45-55
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• 2007

The study is based on a two-year research study titled 'A study on the Development of the Programs for Housing Policy to support Multi-family Housing Remodeling in Korea'. The primary purpose of this two-year study was to recommend governmental program initiatives for supporting multi-family housing remodeling activities in Korea. As a part of this research study, this article was written based on the results from the two surveys regarding multi-family housing remodeling in the United States and Korea, and a focus group with housing researchers affiliated to the Joint Center for Housing Studies. Major research findings are presented as follows: First, there have been various types of supportive programs for single- and multi-family housing remodeling in the United States. Those have focused on lower income families than middle income families. Compared with the programs in the United States, the apartment remodeling in Korea has been focusing on small population of the multi-family housing owners. Apartment remodeling in Korea needs supportive programs for rental housing remodeling and the housing remodeling for low-incomes. Second, there have been various types of remodeling activities made in multi-family housing properties in the United States. Size of remodeling project also varied. Their remodeling activities were based on the long-term repairing plans initiated by professional apartment management groups. For making our multi-family housing properties more sustainable, we also need to have the long-term repairing plans. Third, the apartment property remodeling has been regarded as a substitute of reconstruction of apartment properties. However, remodeling should be regarded as one of the most efficient ways to extend the life-cycle of apartment buildings. Thus, benefits and executive plans of apartment remodeling should be studied by a professional research center under our governmental responsibilities as done in the United States.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.266-266
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• 2012

오늘날 도시는 인간 중심적으로 환경을 고려하지 않은 채 개발위주의 발전이 계속되고 있으며 도시화가 진행됨에 따라 도심지에 콘크리트와 아스팔트의 비율이 증가하고 농경지와 녹지가 감소하는 등 도시주변의 피복 변화가 빠르게 일어나고 있다. 이와 같이 열 환경을 고려하지 않은 도시의 급성장은 각종 인공 열과 대기오염 물질의 증가와 함께 도시상공의 기온을 상승시켜 도시의 기온이 주변 지역보다 높아지는 열섬현상의 원인이 되고 있다. 이에 따라 최근 미국, 유럽 등의 선진국을 비롯하여 아시아지역에서도 도시열섬현상 대책수립이 활발히 진행되어오고 있으며 국내에서도 열섬완화 대책 수립의 중요성이 인식되고 있다. 그러나 자연토지피복은 농경지, 나지, 수면과 같은 다양한 종류의 피복으로 구성되며 각 피복특성에 따라 도시내부에 영향을 미치는 정도가 다르게 나타나므로 도시계획에 반영될 수 있는 자연피복의 종류와 피복비율의 적정조합을 도출할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 청주시를 대상으로 농경지를 포함하는 녹지의 감소, 공업단지의 증가에 따른 열 환경 영향을 분석하기 위하여 청주시의 연도별 토지피복 분포 현황과 과거 기상자료를 통해 토지피복 분포변화에 따른 온도 변화를 조사하였다. 토지피복은 농경지, 녹지, 주거지, 공업 단지 및 수역으로 분류하였으며, 대상지역의 기후 특성 파악을 위하여 청주시 총 면적에 대한 면적비율의 증감추이와 그에 따른 온도 변화를 정량적으로 파악하였다. 그 결과, 청주시는 녹지의 경우 정체 또는 감소추세를 나타낸 반면 공업단지는 지속적인 증가추세를 나타내었다.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.4 s.54
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• pp.76-81
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• 2004

From September 1, 2003 to November 30, 2004, 20 mineral water wells were selected for some area in east Europe and the study on their water quality was analized. It revealed that mineral water contained considerable quantity of magnesium ions which helps the smooth activities of vascular muscles, nervous systems and protects skins from allergic reactions. It also lowers cholesterol level and contains high concentration of calcium ions which is one of the vital components of teeth and bone like phosphorus. Thus it is concluded that it is not qualified as boiler feed water as it has overall high degree of hardness by the presence of four times content of $Mg^{2+}\;and\;Ca^{2+}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.2 no.2 s.5
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• pp.73-83
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• 2002

HAZUS developed by FEMA is applied to estimation on seismic hazard in Chung-Nam Province using basic data on general building, population, and geology of well-logging. Through the investigation on historical and instrumental earthquakes in Korean Peninsula seismic hazard is estimated in Chung-Nam Province in two ways for calculation of acceleration, deterministically and probabilistically. In deterministic method seismic hazard in Chung-Nam Province is estimated by generation of the maximum event that occurs in Hongsung and has magnitude of 6.0. According to the result, Hongsung Gun, Yesan Gun, and Boryung City are the most severe in building damage. The expected number of people who need hospitalization in Hongsung Gun and Yesan Gun due to the earthquake are 1.1 and 0.4, respectively. In probabilistic(return period of 5,000 year) method seismic hazard in Chung-Nam Province is estimated. According to the result, Gongju City is the most severe in building damage. The expected number of people who need hospitalization in Gongju City and Nonsan City due to the earthquake are 0.1 and 0.15, respectively.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2009

Many engineering professors are forced to execute ABEEK activities. Engineering professors are evaluated by their educational, research and service activities, but are mainly by their research papers published in professional journals. The gap between the duties and the evaluation criteria exists among engineering professors. This paper deals with the possible ways of including the ABEEK activities in the engineering professor evaluation system. Among the five ways suggested for a simple survey, tenured professors prefer to reduce the lecture time but junior professors prefer to reduce the research burden for the benefit from executing ABEEK activities. Based on logical reasoning and the preference among the surveyed professors, ABEEK related activities may be included in the educational part for the professor evaluation system before the ABEEK system is matured. However, ABEEK related activities have to be converted to the duties of engineering professors in the long run as in the US universities.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.131-145
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• 2012

During the 1980s and 1990s, most of the old industrial cities of advanced countries have experienced serious de-industrialisation. This has caused many problems, such as economic decline, increasing unemployment, environmental degradation and social unrests. Since the mid-1980s, some of these cities have started to tackle the problems by urban regeneration programs with cultural and artistic activities, new industries, and implementing housing projects. The cities of Newcastle and Gateshead in Northeastern England were the examples of the ones which have created major development projects, such as building condominiums, renovating old factory building, and promoting cultural and art activities. This paper introduces policies and programs of the cities' urban regeneration, analyses their governance structure, and articulates factors contributing to the success of the policies and programs.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

This study is intended to provide legislative direction for fire products life expectancy. Domestic and international laws relating to fire products life expectancy have been reviewed, and the results of a Fire Safety Manager Consciousness (FSMC) survey were analyzed. The FSMC survey has been designed in order to assist with the establishment of appropriate fire safety policy. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 660 fire safety administrators from 17 municipal and provincial districts, with the intention of gaining expertise on the extension of life-span for 32 fire products. The survey also asked for candidates opinions on future policy direction. Based on the survey results and the review of policies within other nations, we have devised a set of policy issues with the intention of extending the life-span of fire-safety items. The survey result revealed that 79.3% of Fire Safety Managers (FSMs) concurred with the establishment of legislation regarding the maintenance and correct care of fire-safety products. Overall, over 30% of FSMs were in favor of regulations regarding Ddry chemical fire extinguishers (77.3%), fire detectors (44.6%), fire hoses (44.4%), gaseous agent fire extinguisher (40.6%), automatic descending life lines (36.2%), exit lights (35.9%), air respirators (35.9%), extinguishing systems for residential cooking facilities (33.9%), automatic spray-type extinguishing units (33.9%), emergency lights (31.2%), and gas leakage detectors (30.7%). Especially, among these, dry chemical fire extinguishers (60.0%), detectors (20.0%), and fire hose (18.8%) were identified as the fire products primarily in need of maintenance legislation. The general consensus is that fire products older than 10 years need to be replaced. Based on the survey results, there was general agreement that fire product life expectancy is in need of legislation. This study recommends the introduction of fire product life expectancy legislation in phases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.587-595
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• 2017

The study examinesthe hindrance factors including various laws and institutions with regard to the Unbundled Parking System (UPS) that has recently attracted the greatest attention as a way to manage traffic demand for sustainable development, efficient utilization of parking spaces, and to overcome the unstable housing market.The direction of improvement of related laws and institutions is also suggested. Its usage is proven by countries such as the United States of America and France, as they have already implemented this institution. To lay the foundation for the introduction of UPS of our own country, a survey on the preference for UPS was conducted. The survey equally divided 300 respondents into three clusters based on the sales price of apartments in Seoul. The analyses revealed that all three clusters have similar preferences (cluster 1: 68%, cluster 2: 62%, cluster 3: 65%) on UPS, and younger groups seem to answer in the affirmative more than the other age groups no matter what cluster they belong to. In conclusion, the results on the estimation of selection probability on the preference of unbundled parking system and sales discount rate are as follow. The groups of non-vehicle users have higher preference on UPS. When the discount rate is 14%, 69%, 77% and 62%ofrespondents would choose unbundled parking system for clusters 1, 2 and 3, respectively (￦6,370,000/PY,￦3,930,000/PY and ￦2,270,000/PY reduce when applying avg. sales price, respectively).

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.304-314
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• 2015

We have reviewed the current status of coastal vulnerability index(CVI) to be guided into an appropriate CVI development for Korean coast and applied a methodology into the east coast of Korea to quantify coastal vulnerability by future sea_level rise. The CVIs reviewed includes USGS CVI, sea_level rise CVI, compound CVI, and multi scale CVI. The USGS CVI, expressed into the external forcing of sea_level rise, wave and tide, and adaptive capacity of morphology, erosion and slope, is adopted here for CVI quantification. The range of CVI is 1.826~22.361 with a mean of 7.085 for present condition and increases into 2.887~30.619 with a mean of 12.361 for the year of 2100(1 m sea_level rise). The index "VERY HIGH" is currently 8.57% of the coast and occupies 35.56% in 2100. The pattern of CVI change by sea_level rise is different to different local areas, and Gangneung, Yangyang and Goseong show the highest increase. The land use pattern in the "VERY HIGH" index is dominated by both human system of housing complex, road, cropland, etc, and natural system of sand, wetland, forestry, etc., which suggests existing land utilization should be reframed in the era of climate change. Though CVI approach is highly efficient to deal with a large set of climate scenarios entailed in climate impact assessment due to uncertainties, we also propose three_level assessment for the application of CVI methodology in the site specific adaptation such as first screening assessment by CVI, second scoping assessment by impact model, and final risk quantification with the result of impact model.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.62-69
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• 2009

This study aimed to analyze citizen awareness of the transforming of a former military site in the city into use as an urban park, and to determine the direction of park creation in the context of urban regeneration. The study focused on the city of Uijungbu, so-called "representative military city" of Korea, which has over eight US military army corps in CBD and which islocated on the northside of Seoul. The questionnaire survey was carried out in the year of 2006, during two months from 1 June till 30 July. The research was carried out by book review as a theoretical base and a questionnaire survey to analyze citizen awareness. The conclusions of this study were as follows. 1. Areas that have been transformed from a former military site to large urban parks for the promotion of economic, social, environmental, and aesthetical value in the context of urban regeneration include Downsview Park(Toronto, Canada), and Great Park(Irvine, CA U.S.A). 2. The citizens of Euijungbu emphasized having casual rest and recreational functions in an urban park, but were also concerned with the promotion of cultural image, activation of the city's economy, etc. 3. The citizens preferred to use the former military site for a park instead of for residential and commercial purposes to introduce cultural facilities and encourage economic activation. 4. All results of this study proposed to use the former military site for encouraging and activating the urban economy, cultural promotion, social reconciliation and aesthetic value by the transforming the site into a large, multi-use park in the context of urban regeneration.