• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.35-59
• /
• 2009

The drive for sustainable economic growth for the sub Saharan African region continues to occupy a central place in the debate of how to move the region forward. For decades, governments, policy makers, Non Governmental Organizations and world bodies including the World Bank, IMF, ADB, USIAD and the European Union have engaged policies aimed at bringing solutions to the horrendous poverty crisis to nations of this region. Despite these noble actions and intents, poverty and underdevelopment has prevailed in countries of the region such as Cameroon. Cameroon is mainly an agricultural economy with its products facing declining prices and competition from synthetic substitutes resulting to deficits of balance of trades. This has resulted to borrowing and debt. At the same time, it is a country blessed with an abundance of tourist resources. From the literature review, tourism potency to economic growth is overwhelming. This research was motivated by the quest to find answers to questions such as; why development policies during the last two decades not succeeded in achieving Economic growth in countries of this region particularly Cameroon and why the country/ region still beleaguered by poverty and debt despite haven implemented various economic development plans. In recent years, the role of tourism has become increasingly recognized in its role of economic growth and poverty alleviation. This study attempts to unveil tourism's contribution to economic growth and to push for Tourism development as an al ternative economic growth alternative to Cameroon. Previous economic policies have ignored to tie economic growth within the country's socio-economic, geo-political and environmental circumstances. Findings from this work suggest that any sound economic policy can not afford to ignore the country's stock of both human and fiscal capital. Findings presented herewith validate Tourism as a feasible indigenous economic growth alternative that helps bringing employment, capital investment and protect the environmental ruin.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2007

In order to control and manage oil-tanker scrapped materials and wastes properly, the actual conditions and global trends of the treatment and the management of ship scrapped wastes were surveyed and some amendments to marine pollution prevention law of Korea were proposed. Global annual volume of scrapped ships was estimated to be about 22 million DWT and most of them were scrapped in 4 major ship scrap countries such as Bangladesh, China. India and Pakistan and in minor ship scrap countries such as Turkey, the Philippines, Indonesia and Vietnam. The industry of ship scrap has been mainly developed in developing countries or undeveloped countries rather than in advanced countries. Most of scrapped ships were found to be small or medium size below 1,000 GRT In Jellanam-Do and Jeju-Do of Korea. Most of ship scrap enterprise and all enterprises of collection, transfer, treatment and disposal for ship scrapped materials and wastes were shown to be small sized in Korea. The regulations and/or rules which shall prohibit or limit trans-boundary movement of overage oil-tankers for scrap from Korea to developing or undeveloped countries, and vice versa should be Included in marine pollution prevention law of Korea. the criteria of manpower and facilities for enterprise of ship scrap, and for enterprises of collection, transfer, treatment and disposal of ship scrapped materials and wastes should be stipulated in marine pollution prevention law of Korea. It is desirable to introduce the system or concept of recycle or reuse of ship scrapped materials and wastes on producer's responsibility into marine pollution prevention law of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2019

It is well known there are a lot of undeveloped energy resource in the Arctic circle. As global warming enables the use of Arctic sea routes, the interest in Arctic resource development is increasing. Recently, polar neighbors and developed countries are actively promoting construction project in Arctic circle. However, the issue of environmental pollution caused by Arctic resource development has been raised. Today, environmental issues have a significant impact on the success of the project as well as on the costs of Arctic development projects. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a technology related to energy resource development and transportation for the Arctic resource project. In addition, the establishment of strategy for environmental impact assessment (EIA) is important. This paper shows the characteristics and procedures of EIA for developing Arctic resources, and reviews how to construct the systematically management of the necessary information. This system consists of a database required for environmental impact assessment and its application. The system is expected to be utilized for strategic development projects in the Arctic.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.609-615
• /
• 2008

Peru is located on Andean Range and faced Pacific Ocean and one of the important oil and gas production countries in the South America. Peru's oil business have been invested by foreign oil companies due to the good investment environment, even though the Peru could not be self-sufficiency in oil. Increase in oil price of the world has contributed to the oil and gas developments and productions in the last few years in many oil and gas blocks, such as in the 1-AB blocks and Camisea gas field within the Amazon jungles. Korean oil companies also have obtained several oil and gas blocks in the Peru in last few year, corresponding with the resources diplomacy of Korean government. Investment is strongly expected to be increased in the Peru's oil business due to positive investment environment, such as low royalty rate, tax avoidance, and the favourable terms of the contract to foreign companies etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2010.08a
• /
• pp.13-13
• /
• 2010

개요- 반도체 시장의 확대 및 소자의 고집적화와 장비의 초정밀화 등 고정도 생산성을 요구하는 현대 진공산업 시장에서는 정밀한 제품을 대량으로 생산할 수 있도록 지원할 수 있는 대용량 장비의 수요가 급증하고 있다. 서론- 하루가 다르게 발전하는 기술 경쟁 사회에서는 보다 성능이 좋은 제품을 다른 국가 또는 다른 업체와 차별화된 기술적 우위를 선점해야 한다. 본문-이에따라, 고신뢰도, 고생산성이 요구되는 진공산업 시장에 발맞추기 위한 일환으로 크라이오 펌프의 재생시간을 단축시켜 생산성 향상을 높이고, 기존의 제품에서 소비자가 느꼈던 진동을 최소로 줄일 수 있도록 저진동 제품의 설계를 통한 고객 만족의 제품을 개발함과 동시에, 맥동관 냉동기의 기술상업화를 꾀한 극저온기술 영역의 발전을 함께 도모하고자 한다. 현재까지는 국내의 일부 정부출연 연구소와 학교, 일부 특수산업 분야에서만 크라이오 펌프를 사용하고 있으나, 상업적인 설계 및 생산은 완전히 전무한 상태이다. 이는 진공시장의 잠재적인 성장을 고려할 때 국산화가 시급한 상황이다. 이러한, 상황을 고려하여 현재 기계연구원과 우성진공, 국민대학교가 맥동관 냉동기를 접목시킨 급속재생형 저진동 크라이오 펌프를 지난 2008년부터 산학연 협동으로 개발 진행 중에 있다. 크라이오 펌프의 핵심 기술은 냉동기의 효율에 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 이러한 냉동기의 효과를 높이기 위하여, 제작 공정에 진공 브레이징을 사용하여, 열교환기와 교환기 내의 충진재들과의 정확한 간극을 유지하면서 접합을 할 수 있는 환경요건을 지속적인 실험을 통해 지식을 습득하고 있다. 진공 브레이징은 외관을 아름답고 정교하게 접합할 수 있으므로, 추후 상품으로의 가치를 높일 수 있으며, 서로 다른 이종금속 간의 접합이 가능하여 열교환기의 무산소동과 스테인레스 튜브와의 접합을 가능하게 할 수 있었다. 진공브레이징에 쓰이는 모재는 여러가지가 있으며, 접합의 환경 또한 일반 용접보다 다양하므로 여러번의 실험을 통한다면, 성능은 우수하면서 외관으로 손색이 없는 개발품이 나올수 있겠다는 의견이 모아지고 있는 중이다. 본론- 아직까지는 미국의 CTI사나 일본의 ULVAC 등의 크라이오 펌프의 선진 기업에 비해 기술력이 많이 부족하기는 하지만, 아직 많은 부분이 미개발된 분야이고, 향후 후발국과의 차별을 두어 선진기술을 확보하기 위해서는 기존의 방식을 단순히 따라하는 것이 아닌 남들과 다른 원천기술의 확보가 더 필요하며, 이를 위해 부단한 노력과 시행착오를 거쳐 맥동관 냉동기형 크라이오 펌프라는 기술을 확보할 예정이다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.89-101
• /
• 2015

The sour gas is natural gas containing components such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide that form acids when mixed with water. Element sulfur precipitates from sour gas when reservoir pressure and temperature decrease. According to the International Energy Agency, about 43% of the world's natural gas reserves(2,580 tcf or 73.057 tcm), excluding North America, are sour. The sour gas is often derived from the Germanic word 'sauer or acidic' and the etymology referred to as 'sour'. Sour gas requires special handling and infrastructure because it contains significant amounts of hydrogen sulphide, making it highly corrosive, flammable and explosive, and there fore more costly and dangerous to process. So the business of sour gas is affected by two important factors: the economic value of the gas, and the methods used in its production. According to be analyzed in the academic literature to sour gas(2000~2014) by the program of 'web of science', the research activities 145 papers in sour gas.