• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.227-235
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• 2017

The essence of architecture is space acquired as a result of architect's design act, but the object of the design is not the space and it is the physical elements to construct it. The masters of modern architecture have described the types of spaces that can be composed of these elements, but there is a difficulty in constructing the space because they does not mention how to construct it. From this point of view, if architecture is the techniques for human behavior and the art of building space, it is recognized that there is a need for concrete research on how to construct a space with ambiguous substance. Therefore, I conducted research on the extensibility of diagonal spaces through '4 Logements Studio' by Henri Ciriani, a representative architect of Neo Corbusian. The 'network for identity' method proposed by Ciriani was examined as a methode to realize spatial expansion and the furniture should be designed as an element of reading space and 3 optimal alternatives for 4 housing arrangements were obtained based on the Equivalence, Lighting, View, and Community life.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2009

Total scatter factor ($S_{cp}$), head scatter factor ($S_c$) and phantom scatter factor ($S_p$) are very important for accurate radiation therapy at stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with irregular field shape using micro-MLC and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) including many small field sizes. In this study we measured and compared $S_{cp}$ with reference ion chamber, pinpoint chamber and diode detector and adapted the resuls form diode detector. Head scatter factors for small field sizes were also measured with diode detector covered 1.5 cm-thick solid water build-up cap. Some errors like as electron contamination of 1~3% were included in the values of Sc but trend of total results of $S_c$ was coincided with basic theory. Phantom scatter factors for small field sizes were calculated form $S_{cp}$ and $S_c$. The results of $S_p$ were compared and were well-agreed with those of other authors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.58-58
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• 2003

목적 : 본 연구에서는 C-arm과 CT에 사용 가능한 자궁경부암용 팬톰을 개발하고 이를 이용하여 기존의 필름 방법에 기반한 위치 확인 방법과 CT 재구성 방법의 정확성을 비교 연구하고자 한다. 정확성이 검증된 후에는 두 방법의 장점을 이용하기 위해 CT로 재구성된 좌표를 필름의 좌표로 변환시켜 현재 사용되고 있는 필름에 기반한 근접 치료 계획 시행에 도움을 주고자 한다. 방법 : 자체 제작한 자궁경부암용 팬톰은 인체 등가 물질인 물과 아크릴을 사용하였고, 크게 localizer 부분과 팬톰 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 또한, 실제 자궁경부암 환자의 임상적인 구조를 모사하여 제작하였다. 자궁경부암 치료시 중요 장기인 방광과 직장을 구와 원기둥으로 설계하였고, 고선량율 applicator는 아크릴 판의 흠으로 고정시켜 제작하였기 때문에 CT 촬영시 applicator를 제거한 영상에서도 applicator의 구조가 정확하게 묘사될 수 있도록 제작하였다. 두 시스템에서 재구성된 좌표를 비교하기 위해 각각의 시스템에서의 얻은 재구성 좌표와 팬톰 자체의 localizer와 재구성 알고리즘을 바탕으로 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 얻은 좌표로 두 재구성 좌표의 비교 연구를 수행하였다. 정확성이 검증되고 장기의 정보가 담긴 CT의 좌표는 자체 개발된 프로그램으로 2 차원의 필름 좌표로 변환되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 모든 프로그램은 ILD 5.5를 사용하여 개발되었다. 결과 : 두 시스템의 좌표 비교 결과 x, y 축은 차이가 2mm 이내로 비교적 정확한 실험 결과를 얻을 수 있었고, z 축의 경우 CT 슬라이드의 굵기에 따라 2mm-3mm 이내의 차이가 있음을 관찰할 수 있었다. z 축을 제외한 좌표의 차이는 획득한 영상에서 컴퓨터로 좌표를 옮기는 localizer 좌표 선택 과정에 발생했을 것으로 예상된다. 또한, 이 검증된 좌표와 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 우리는 CT의 좌표를 2차원의 필름 좌표로 정확하게 변환할 수 있었다. 결론 : 이 연구로부터 기존의 C-arm 재구성 방법과 CT 재구성 방법의 비교를 통해 각 치료 기기의 신뢰성을 직접 확인할 수 있었으며, 비교를 통해 검증된 CT의 좌표를 필름 좌표로 변환시킴으로서, 각 시스템의 장점만을 결합한 효과적인 치료 계획을 세울 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. 또한 물과 아크릴을 사용한 비교적 간단하고 경제적인 방법으로 C-arm, CT 그리고 MRI에 모두 이용 가능한 팬톰을 제작하여 쉽고 정확하게 위치를 확인할 수 있었다. 더 나아가, 본 연구에서 제작된 자궁경부암 팬톰은 근접치료를 포함하여 관련 팬톰 개발에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2009

The Explosive Magnetic Generator of Frequency (EMGF) has been studied as a method to generate a strong microwave effectively through converting the explosion powder energy into the electromagnetic energy. However, the generated high frequency electromagnetic wave has not been explained clearly yet, for it is known to be difficult to analyze the high frequency electromagnetic wave oscillation using a simple time-varying equivalent circuit model. In this paper, we analyze the problems of the widely used inductance model with an exponential decreasing pattern and investigate the tendency of a more accurate inductance variation model using the finite element method of EMGF inductance by considering the magnetic compression effect. And we have shown via an EMGF output simulation that the new inductance variation model proposed here has an negative effect on EMGF output.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.361-366
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• 2009

Layered-earth Green's functions in electormagnetic (EM) surveys play a key role in modeling the response of exploration targets. They are computed through the Hankel transforms of analytic kernels. Computational precision depends upon the choice of algebraically equivalent forms by which these kemels are expressed. Since three-dimensional (3D) modeling can require a huge number of Green's function evaluations, total computational time can be influenced by computational time for the Hankel transform evaluations. Linear digital filters have proven to be a fast and accurate method of computing these Hankel transforms. In EM modeling for 3D inversion, electric fields are generally evaluated by the secondary field formulation to avoid the singularity problem. In this study, three components of electric fields for five different sources on the surface of homogeneous half-space were derived as primary field solutions. Moreover, reflection coefficients in TE and TM modes were produced to calculate EM responses accurately for a two-layered model having a sea layer. Accurate primary fields should substantially improve accuracy and decrease computation times for Green's function-based problems like MT problems and marine EM surveys.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2009

This paper presents scalable modeling of spiral inductors for RFIC design based on $0.13{\mu}m$ RF CMOS process. For scalable modeling, several inductor patterns are designed and fabricated with variations of width, number of turns and inner radius. Feeding structures are optimized for accurate de-embedding of pad effects. After measuring the S parameters of the fabricated patterns, double-$\pi$ equivalent circuit parameters are extracted for each device and their geometrical dependences are modeled as scalable functions. The inductor library provides two types of models including standard and symmetric inductors. Standard and symmetric inductors have the range of $0.12{\sim}10.7nH$ and $0.08{\sim}13.6nH$ respectively. The models are valid up to 30GHz or self-resonance frequency. Through this research, a scalable inductor library with an error rate below 10% is developed for $0.13{\mu}m$ RF CMOS process.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2000

In order to predict the propagation of road traffic noise over level terrain, this paper presents the model of the simple monopole and dipole source. Excess attenuations by ground acoustic impedance with continuity are investigated by outdoor experiments. In this results, the propagation of road traffic noise is affected by the acoustic impedance properties of the ground surface over which the noise travels, particularly when the receiver position is close to the surface. These results are then used to derive sound pressure level contours for the attenuation with distance of the equivalent energy level received from passing vehicle. The percentage of deep sleep and the number of wakings are studied for continuous traffic noise. The hearing loss and sensitivity threshold shift is investigated by changing the various parameters such as the effects of aging and noise exposure. Evaluation of the response of human to traffic noise is discribed. It is shown that exposure to excessive noise can cause temporary loss of hearing that may become permanent if the exposure is prolonged or intense.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

We suggest the algorithm that it detects volume and shape according with a variation of magnetic field in non-contact electromagnetic measurement system. It is possible to assess an object shape through a variation of magnetic field. The basic idea is compared a length difference with a variation of magnetic field in a detected object and a circle which modeled equivalent area. And the shape is detected to many calibration process that it is similar to signal pattern between a length difference and a variation of magnetic field in object and equivalent circle. This is the shape detection algorithm that use only the variation of magnetic field. In this paper, it has application to the shape detection algorithm about the object as hexagon, pentagon, rectangle, trigon. we can detect the object shape easily because the shape detection algorithm is only used to the variation of magnetic field.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.178-183
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• 2011

The applicability and feasibility of TomoTherapy in the lung radiation surgery was analyzed by comparison of the calculated dose distribution in TomoTherapy planning with the results of conventional IMRS (intensity modulated radiation surgery) using LINAC (linear accelerator). The acquired CT (computed tomograph) images of total 10 patients whose tumors' motion were less than 5 mm were used in the radiation surgery planning and the same prescribed dose and the same dose constraints were used between TomoTherapy and LINAC. The results of TomoTherapy planning fulfilled the dose requirement in GTV (gross tumor volume) and OAR (organ at risk) in the same with the conventional IMRS using LINAC. TomoTherapy was superior in the view point of low dose in the normal lung tissue and conventional LINAC was superior in the dose homogeneity in GTV. The calculated time for treatment beam delivery was long more than two times in TomoTherapy compared with the conventional LINAC. Based on the results in this study, TomoTherapy can be evaluated as an effective way of lung radiation surgery for the patients whose tumor motion is little when the optimal planning is produced considering patient's condition and suitability of dose distribution.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2007

We have determined the disk size of Be stars by using $H{\alpha}$ emission. We observed spectra of Be stars with telescope in SNU, equipped with SB SGS (Santa Babara Self Guided Spectrograph) and CCD ST-8. The size of disk of Be stars was estimated with the Be star model of Grundstrom & Gies (2006). This study suggests that the medium resolution spectra taken with small telescope equipped with commercial spectrograph are useful to estimate the approximate size of the $H{\alpha}$ emitting disk around Be stars.