• Informatization Policy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.113-137
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• 2023

This study aims to conduct the classification of Government as a Platform (GaaP) in a situation where the concept of GaaP can be diversely recognized. This is because inclusiveness and ambiguity in the concept of GaaP can hinder policy enforcement by working-level officials in the public sector. It drew the criteria for classification for GaaP based on literature and cases for GaaP. In the technical aspect, considering data as an overarching factor, the integrated system platform integrating the information system or websites of the public sector and the data platform as a single portal for open data to external stakeholders were sorted. In the governance aspect considering stakeholder as an overarching factor, the communication platform utilized for interaction between public and private sectors and the co-creation platform that encourages public-private partnership to create innovative outcomes were sorted. It suggested an actual implementation case and the policy implication according to each type of GaaP. Additionally, according to the classification of GaaP, it conducted contents analysis as to which type of GaaP the domestic Digital Platform Government belongs to based on its detailed assignment. Based on the classification of GaaP, it drew balanced implementation for various types of GaaP, plan for promoting the participation and collaboration of stakeholders, and necessity of restructuring and reinventing of the public sector as policy implications for the domestic digital platform government.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2016

This paper discusses the character of communication among participating stakeholders in the Improving Alley Landscapes in Residential Neighborhoods project. The participation of diverse stakeholders in conventional urban redevelopment is considered to delay and complicate the progress of a project. However, in urban regeneration, a field-oriented operating system and collaboration between diverse stakeholders is considered critical to building a sustainable community. A stakeholder is defined as "a person or organization that can influence decision-making or be influenced by it." This paper uses a case study to examine what types of stakeholders participate and what communicative processes and ideas are shared among them. Six neighborhoods were selected out of a total of 26 of Seoul's 2014 Improving Alley Landscapes project. This research was developed through interviews and a review of the literature. The character of communication among stakeholders in the case study is as follows. Firstly, the administration initiated the project but did not show leadership. This was caused by a gap in understanding about the project between city and borough administrations, Further, the city administration lacked experience with projects that placed an emphasis on fieldwork. Tongjand and Banjang, at ancillary institutions, acted as spokespersons and helped people in the community to understand the administrative process. However, because they led communication and used personal relationships to ensure they communicated effectively, the communication process had limits from the perspective of democratic process. Diverse stakeholders expressed their opinions in the public sphere and communicated about them using diverse media. Finally, experts produced the output, facilitated communication, and mediated in conflicts. Because new experts acted as facilitators and mediators, there was a great deal of trial and error. This project has particular significance: Seoul's city government deals with urban space rather than parks and green space, which are limited by boundaries; and whether "green" can be used for urban renovation was tested by several landscape architects, who sought to identify a new role in urban renovation, namely, the role of landscape and landscape architecture. However, the project has some limitations, including an insufficiently detailed project plan, a lack of common understanding among stakeholders, and a short timeframe. A number of stakeholders overcame these limitations to a certain degree. Officials of the Borough and the Dong managed the project and resolved civil complaints. Experts provided special information, and contributed to the design and construction of improvements.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.35
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• pp.41-91
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• 2013

There have been numerous steps of growth in policy system since the legal systemization through the enactment of Information Disclosure of public institution Act in 1996 and Records Management of public institution Act in 1999 as well as infrastructure advancement led by government bodies, but it still shows insufficiency in some aspects of information disclosure system and records management. In particular, the issue of reliability on record information disclosed through information disclosure system is raised, and institutional base through the legal and technical devices to ensure the reliability are not well prepared. Government has attempted to enact laws and regulations to guarantee the public right to know through information disclosure and records management at government level, and establish the national system in a way that advances the infrastructure for encouraging the participation in state affairs and utilization of national record information resources. There are limitations that it lacks internal stability and overlooks the impact and significance of record information itself by focusing upon system expansion and disclosing information quantatively. Numerous record information disclosed tends to be falsified, forged, extracted or manufactured by information disclosure staffs, or provided in a form other than official document or draft. In addition, the disclosure or non-disclosure decisions without consistency and criteria due to lack of information disclosure staff or titular supervising authority, which is likely to lead to societal confusion. There are also frequent cases where the reliability is damaged due to voluntary decision, false response or non response depending upon request agents for information disclosure. In other cases, vague request by information disclosure applicant or civil complaint form request are likely to hinder the reliability of record information. Thus it is essential to ensure the reliability of record information by establishing and amending relevant laws and regulations, systemic improvement through organizational and staff expertise advancement, supplementing the information disclosure system and process, and changing the social perception on information disclosure. That is, reliable record information is expected to contribute to genuine governance form administration as well as accountability of government bodies and public organizations. In conclusion, there are needed numerous attempts to ensure the reliability of record information to be disclosure in the future beyond previous trials of perceiving record information as records systematically and focusing upon disclosing more information and external development of system.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.110-139
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• 2020

Reclamation is the act of creating new lands by constructing dikes in offshore tidal flats to utilize them for various purposes, including the establishment of farmland to secure food for an increasing population. Based on the fact that reclamation has resulted in drastic changes in the environmental, economic, social, and cultural aspects of land expansion and development, population movement, and the formation of cities since ancient times, I reviewed the value of reclamation sites and addressed the issue of how to preserve and utilize them. "Reclamation culture" refers collectively to the recognition and concept system, behavior styles, and cultural products created by changes in the environment, and the tangible, intangible, and natural heritage generated directly and indirectly by reclamation is defined as "reclamation cultural heritage". It shows that the historical background of reclamation accords with prevailing trends, and that the reclamation sites possess cultural heritage value due to their historical, academic, and scarce characteristics. Numerous reclamation cultural heritage sites at the Gwangwhal and Gyehwa dikes are on the verge of being destroyed, with their original function having ended after the construction of Saemangeum Sea Wall. I propose measures to preserve these under the principle that utilization is based on the basic premise of conservation. First of all, modern and contemporary reclamation sites must necessarily be designated and managed as registered cultural properties, local cultural heritage, future heritage, and agricultural heritage. In particular, as it has been confirmed that reclamation sites created after the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties and the 1950s have not been designated as cultural heritage sites. It is necessary to review the characteristics and values of such reclamation sites through a full survey of national reclamation data. Effective and sustainable utilization of reclamation cultural heritage, which has not been acknowledged in the past due to its close relationship with our lives, is necessary to search for hidden stories found within that heritage, to organize governance for the efficient use of reclamation resources, and to build a museum to collect and display the history and culture of the reclaimed areas. Finally, through links with countries with experience in reclamation, we will be able to cope jointly with international issues such as those pertaining to society, culture, and environment, and would be able to implement various projects to further the advancement of human beings.