• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.1280-1285
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• 2015

Many hardware-based regular expression matching architectures are proposed for high performance matching. In particular, regular expression processors such as ReCPU and SMPU perform pattern matching in a similar approach to that used in general purpose processors, which provide the flexibility when updating patterns. However, these processors are inefficient in performing class matching since they do not provide character class matching capabilities. This paper proposes an instruction set and architecture of a regular expression matching processor, which can support character class matching. The proposed processor can efficiently perform character class matching since it includes character class, character range, and negated character class matching capabilities.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.105-128
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• 2013

One of the biggest changes in 2007 Curriculum Revision is introduction of letter, equation, direct proportion and inverse proportion in fifth and sixth grade of mathematics. The purpose of this study is to provide some implications about teaching-learning method for introduction of letters, teaching and learning activities of equation between the 6th Curriculum and 2007 Curriculum Revision. The below conclusions were drawn from findings obtained in this study. First, the letter and expression were learned in fifth and sixth grade until 6th Curriculum and were learned in seventh grade in middle school of 7th Curriculum. But letter, equation are introduced in 2007 Curriculum Revision again. The overall contents of letter and expression were learned on the 'Relationship' domain in the 6th Curriculum, it were learned on the 'Letter and expression' domain in the 7th Curriculum and is learned on the 'Regularity and problem-solving' domain in the 2007 Curriculum Revision. Second, teaching method of these contents was to promise some definitions at first and then to solve exercises in the 6th Curriculum. But leaning was forced to improve student's problem-solving in the 7th Curriculum. To reduce student's pressure offers at a minimum mathematics terms and to provide problem situations to students who contact daily, it is emphasized on learner's communication in the 2007 Curriculum Revision. We want to be easily connected elementary mathematics and higher mathematics through this study about letter, equation. We recognized how we teach the letter and expression to reduce misconceptions and draw a transition from arithmetic thinking to algebraic thinking and want to be continue of another studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.723-726
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• 2004

문자들 중에는 매우 비슷한 모양을 갖고 있는 문자가 존재하기 때문에 오인식은 이러한 유사한 문자들 사이에서 일어날 경우가 많다고 볼 수 있다. 즉, 입력된 문자가 유사한 다른 문자에 대응하는 모델에서 발생 확률이 가장 높게 나와 오인식이 되었다고 할지라도, 해당 모델에서는 입력된 문자의 발생 확률도 여전히 높다고 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 사전을 통한 후처리 시, 오인식 된 단어에서 사용된 모델들을 통해 오인식을 보정하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.485-492
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• 1993

본 논문에서는 혼용문서에서 문자들의 유사성으로 인해 발생하는 오인식문자를 줄이기위해 대분류 단계에서 유사문자군을 찾고 이들 사이의 유사도를 계산, 분류하는 유사문자분류 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법은 유사문자군내의 각 문자마다 그 문자만이 갖는 고유한 요인과 그 문자를 제외한 나머지 문자일 가능성이 있는 요인을 찾아 입력문자와 비교하여 유사도가 가장 큰 문자를 인식문자로 선택하는 알고리즘이다. 또한, 인식 후 오인식된 문자들에 대해 특징사전의 갱신을 통하여 인식률을 향상시켰다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.359-374
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• 2014

Students' difficulties and errors in relation to mathematical proofs are worth while to say one of the dilemmas in mathematics education. The potential elements of their difficulty are scattered over the process of proving in geometry as well as algebra. This study aims to investigate whether middle school students understand the context of algebraic proof including literal expressions. We applied 24 third-grade middle school students a test item which shows a proof including a literal expression and missing the conclusion. Over the half of them responded wrong answers based on only the literal expression without considering its context. Three of them were interviewed individually to show their thinking. As a result, we could find some characteristics of their thinking including the perspective on proof as checking the validity of algebraic expression and the gap between proving and understanding of proof etc. From these, we also discussed about several didactical implications.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2018

Like CPUs, regular expression processors that perform regular expression pattern matching using instructions have been proposed recently. Of these, only REMPc provides features for character class matching. In this paper, we propose an architecture for efficient character class matching in a regular expression processor, which use character class bitmap format in a instruction operand field and implement the hard-wired character class comparator for several frequently used character classes. Using the proposed method, most of the character classes used in Snort rule can be represented by an operand or an instruction. Thus, character class matching can be performed more efficiently in the proposed archiecture than in REMPc.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.270-279
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• 1997

The conversion of printed maps into computerized databases is an enormous task. Thus the automation of the conversion process is essential. Efficient computer representation of printed maps and line drawings depends on codes assigned to characters, symbols, and vector representation of the graphics. In many cases, maps are constructed in a number of layers, where each layer is printed in a distinct color, and it represents a subset of the map information. In order to properly represent the character layer from color map images, an interactive clustering and character extraction technique is proposed. Character is usually separated from graphics by extracting and classifying connected components in the image. But this procedure fails, when characters touch or overlap lines-something that occurs often in land register maps. By vectorizing line segments, the touched characters and numbers are extracted. The algorithm proposed in this paper is intended to contribute towards the solution of the color image clustering and touched character problem.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.545-553
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• 1992

문자인식에 있어서 인식율을 높이기 위한 후처리의 한 방법으로서, 문법 정보를 이용하는 후처리를 제안하고자 한다. 즉, 문자 인식 시스템에 의해 인식된 국어문에 대해서 오인식된 문자를 포함하는 어절을 검출하고, 오인식된 문자의 적절한 후보를 선정하여 그에 따라 자동수정을 행하는 것을 전채 후처리 과정으로 전제한다. 본 논문에서는 형태소 분석을 통해 오인식된 부분을 검출하는 과정을 보임으로써 문자인식에 있어서 문법 정보를 이용하는 후처리의 가능성과 그 유효성을 보이는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.647-656
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 오프라인 무제약 필기 한글 단어를 인식하기 위한 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 단어 인식 시스템은 크게 다석가지 모듈-문자 분리,조합행렬생성, 특징 추출, 문자인식, 사전 후처리 -로 구성되어 있다. 문자 분리 모듈은 입력된 단어 영상을 하나의 문자보다 더 작은 이미지 조각으로 과다 분리하며 , 조합 행렬 생성모듈에서는 동적 프로그래밍 기법을 이용하여 분리된 이미지 조각들로부터 사전상의 모든 단어들과 대응되는 가능한 모든 조합을 생성한다. 문자인식모듈은 각 그룹에 대하여 일괄적으로 얻어진 특징과 유니그램을 이용하여 문자인식을 수행한다. 마지막으로 사전 후처리 모듈에서는 각 그룹에 대한 문자인식 결과와 단어 사전을 사용하여 입력단어에 대한 최종 인식 결과를 도출한다. 본 문에서 제안한 방법은 문자 분리, 문자 인식 및 후처리를 상호 보완적으로 결합함으로써 한글이 포함된 무제약 필기 문자열을 효과적으로 인식할 수 있다. 제안된 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 실제 우편 봉투 상에 쓰여진 필기 한글 단어 200개를 대상으로 실험을 하였다. 실험 결과 200개의 단어중 172개의 단어를 정인식하여 86%의 정확도를 얻을 수 있었으며 나머지 28개의 오인식된 단어들을 분석한 결과 대부분의 오류는 문자 인식기의 낮은 신뢰도 때문임을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 하나의 단어를 인식하기 위하여 약 2초가 소요되었다.

• School Mathematics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.411-433
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• 2004

Many researchers have reported that 7th graders have severe difficulties in using letters and algebraic expressions. This study investigated the way Microsoft Excel contributes to student's understanding of letters and algebraic expressions. For six hours through two weeks, four 7th grade students experienced various activities with Excel after school and both before and after the experimentation, the interviews to check their understanding was conducted. The results were as follows; First, after the experimentation, students used various letters to express formulas and recognized that letters represent not only some objects but also changing objects. Also they accepted that same objects could be represented by different letters and different objects could be represented by the same letters. Second, Excel improved students' abilities to discriminate variables and invariables in the problem and to find mathematical relationships among variables. And with Excel students could divide the whole calculation procedure into several steps in order to handle it more easily. Also, Excel made immediate numerical feedback possible and it made students express the calculation in a more formalized way than a paper and pencil environment did.