• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.105-121
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• 2019

This study applies diverse game theories to the US-China Trade War. The US-China Trade War can be analyzed as a game situation because the strategic decision-making process to maximize one's profit while considering the reaction of the other party is a game situation. However, related research suffered from some mistakes in applying the US-China Trade War as it is to classic game theory, because while the prisoners dilemma is based on the situation of No Communication, No Trust, No Cooperation, the US-China Trade War has a precondition different from that of prisoners dilemma, since it mutually communicates information and negotiation is repeated several times in a cooperative situation. The result of the trade negotiation will likely end as 'cooperate-cooperate'. Further, considering trade volume, trade interdependence, bargaining power based on economy, and the scale of damage caused by the Trade War, the US-China Trade War is progressing with the bargaining power of the US being higher than that of China. Since the current US-China Trade War is in an asymmetrical situation under the dominant bargaining power of the US, it is likely to reach 'US defect-China cooperative' in the long run.

• The Optical Journal
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• s.141
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• pp.33-35
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• 2012

샌디에이고 국제 광학 및 포토닉스 박람회(SPIE Optics + Photonics)가 지난 8월 12일부터 16일까지 남부 캘리포니아의 아름다운 항구도시 샌디에이고(San Diego)에서 개최됐다. 한미자유무역협정(FTA)이 발효되었는데도 단 하나의 국내 기업만이 전시장에 출품하는 실정이다. 따라서 협회는 회원사들의 미국 진출을 지원할 수 있는 신규 사업을 조속히 시작할 필요가 있다. 최근 삼성과 애플의 미국 특허소송에서 삼성전자가 완패해 천문학적인 배상금을 지불해야 한다는 충격적인 뉴스가 전해졌다. 이로 인해 애플사는 미국 주식 역사상 가장 비싼 시가총액 세계 1위 기업으로 등극했다. 창의력이 중요한 이 시대에 아직도 국내 산업, 경제, 정치가 1980년대를 주름잡았던 무조건 밀어붙이면 된다는 식의 '쌍팔년도 사고(思考)'에서 벗어나지 못하고 특허전쟁에서 완패당했다고 생각하면 안타까운 심정을 금할 수 없다. 이번 삼성과 애플의 특허전쟁이 국내 제조업계가 창조적으로 환골탈태하는 계기가 될 수 있을 것이다. 국내 광학업체들이 일본, 대만, 중국 등과의 치열한 경쟁으로 정신없이 바쁘더라도 해외 전람회에 창조적이고 감성적인 신제품을 출품해야 세계 최고의 글로벌 기업으로 도약할 수 있을 것이라고 생각한다.

• 비료회보
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• s.546
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• pp.16-25
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• 2003

2002년 중국이 상당히 증가된 분량의 비료를 수입하기로 한 약속을 취소할 것처럼 보였을 때, 세계무역기구(WTO)의 중국 가입을 돕기 위해 미국 의회에서 매우 열심히 로비를 해 온 Fertilizer Institute(TFI)는 실망을 감출 수 없었다. 불공평하다, 중국은 이렇게 대답했다 : 중국의 비료 수요는 무한하지 않고 우리는 시장을 늪에 빠져서는 안 된다. 그런데 미국은 더 심한 충격을 주었다 : 수입 비료의 금속함유량에 대한 새로운 규정은 세계의 어느 지역에서 제안된 것보다 엄격하다. 이러한 규정은 향후의 미국 비료 수출에 상당한 위협을 줄 것이다. 의지의 본격적인 전쟁에 대비한 방법은 분명한 것처럼 보였다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.223-242
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• 2023

This study analyzes the spillover effects of returns and volatility between the commodity market and the maritime freight market across various frequency domains (short-term, medium-term, long-term). The key findings of the study can be summarized as follows. First, from the perspective of returns, a high linkage is observed in the short-term between the commodity and maritime freight markets, with the metal commodities market playing a particularly significant role in information transmission effect of return series. Second, in terms of volatility, the total connectedness increases from the short- to the long-term, with substantial long-term risk transmission effects observed especially in the BDI, BDTI, agricultural, and energy commodity markets. Notably, during major global events such as the U.S.-China trade war, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts, a marked increase in the risk transmission effect in the energy commodities market was identified.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.87-106
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• 2022

Uncertainties in the energy market are increasing due to technology developments (shale revolution), trade wars, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine war. Especially, since 2020, the risk of international trade in the energy market has increased significantly due to changes in the supply chain of transportation and due to prolonged demand reduction because of COVID-19 and the Russian-Ukraine war. Considering these points, this study analyzed connectedness between energy price, tanker index, and uncertainty to understand the connectedness between international trade in the energy market. Main results are summarized as follows. First, as a result of analyzing stable period and unstable period of the energy price model using the MS-VAR model, it was confirmed that both the crude oil market model and the natural gas market model had a higher probability of maintaining stable period than unstable period, increasing volatility by specific events. Second, looking at the results of the analysis of the connectedness between stable period and unstable period of the energy market, it was confirmed that in the case of total connectedness, connectedness between variables was increased in the unstable period compared to the stable period. In the case of the energy market stable period, considering the degree of connectedness, it was confirmed that the effect of the tanker freight index, which represents the demand-side factor, was significant. Third, unstable period of the natural gas market model increases rapidly compared to the crude oil market model, indicating that the volatility spillover effect of the natural gas market is greater when uncertainties affecting energy prices increase compared to the crude oil market.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.23-40
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• 2022

Under the global economic system, production activities has formed an international division of labor, which has greatly affected industries in individual countries by global issues such as the U.S-China trade war and neo-protectionism. In particular the risk and change of disconnection of semiconductor value chain caused by COVID-19 are evaluated as offering the crisis and opportunity at the same time to all countries participating in the global electronics industry value chain. Therefore, this study was conducted with the OECD Trade in Value Added(TiVA) based on the time when a detailed analysis of the global chain of the electronic industry is needed. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the global value chain of the electronics industry is gradually expanding and strengthening, and that various countries are emerging as major actors in the global value chain. It was found that the U.S. and Japan are in charge of relatively high value-added activities, while Korea, Taiwan and China are in charge of low value-added activities, although they are large scale.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.9 s.57
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• pp.5-17
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• 1983

현재 제네바에서는 미.소간에 긴장완화를 내세우고 전략무기제한협상이 진행되고 있으나 불행히도 두나라간의 무기경쟁은 점점 그 열도를 더해가고 있다. 흔히들 현대전은 과학기술의 전쟁이라고들 한다. 이는 최근에 일어났던 일련의 분쟁이 이를 입증하고 있다. 그런데 소련과 그의 위성국들은 자유세계(서방국가)에 비해 병기개발에 필요한 핵심기술이 낙후되었을 뿐아니라 미래병기의 모체가 되는 침단기술에 있어서도 그 격차가 심화되어 가고 있다. 이는 공산진영의 사활에 걸린 심각한 문제가 아닐 수 없다. 따라서 공산국가들은 서방의 기술획득을 위하여 수단과 방법을 가리지 않고 있다. 다음의 글은 미국방성, 국제경제, 무역 및 안보정책국장으로 있는 D.J, Goldstein박사가 "소련의 서방기술입수"(Sovit Acquistion of Western Technology)라는 제목하에 강연한 내용을 "소련의 서방기술입수내막"이라고 제목을 바꾸어서 요약한 것이다. 우리에게 많은 도움이 되리라 믿는다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

Following the recent US trade deficit, the trade war began between Korea and Japan in July. Korea's trade dependence is about 60% or more, indicating high export dependence and import dependence. The purpose of this study is to examine export amount, export volume, export price index, Treasury bond interest rate and analyze how index affects export amount. This study attempts to analyze the comovement and volatility with export amount. For this purpose, monthly data for each indicator were selected for a total of 234 months from January 2000 to June 2019. As a result of analysis, exports amount and exports volume showed very high comovement, exports amount and interest rates showed low comovement, but exports amount and exports prices showed very low comovement. In the future, Korea should continue to increase exports amount in view of its high dependence on trade, along with policies to expand the domestic market. To this end, strategy to increase exports volume should be presented. Korea should increase the logistics environment and competitiveness of each port and airport, improve domestic and overseas network construction and support services of logistics companies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.203-208
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• 2020

The trade war between the United States and China has been going on for many years, and sanctions against Chinese telecommunications companies in the United States are increasingly tightening. Despite these restrictions, ZTE (Zhongxing), China's leading communication equipment company, is rather expanding its market share in the global 5th generation mobile communication (5G) market. ZTE's growth and competitiveness are based on its unique corporate culture. ZTE places great importance on R&D, has a corporate culture of humility and moderation based on traditional Chinese culture. Besides, it has the placement and use of human resources in the right place. While ZTE strives to implement people-centered management, it makes good use of internal competition. Despite ZTE's global market share and corporate competitiveness, virtually nothing has been studied in Korea. The results of this study are intended to be helpful in enhancing the competitiveness of Korea's ICT industry and companies that want to expand to the world while fostering 5G.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.169-176
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• 2019

Recently, the Korean economy is congested with Japan's economic retaliation, the US-China trade war, the Bank of Korea's 0.25% base rate cut and Korea's economic growth forecast revision. The purpose of this study is to analyze the KOSPI, CPI, Treasury bonds(3 years) Interest rate & sales performance of all industries, and examine the impact of each index on the KOSPI. The analysis period is from January 2003 to June 2019, and the effect of each index on the KOSPI is analyzed. In numerical analysis, we performed correlation coefficients and regression analysis. In the model analysis, the distribution, quadrant, scatter, box-plot and impulse response were examined. This study examined the volatility and dynamic characteristics of each index. As a result, the KOSPI showed a high correlation with sales and Treasury bonds, but showed a very low correlation with the CPI. The KOSPI will continue to be affected by sales and interest rates.